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Soviet union (Russia)
major events
- war with Poland 1920
- peace treaty signed (1921)
- Stalin takes over (1924)
- join league of nations 1934
- sign non aggression pact with Germany 1939
Death and cost
-more deaths than any other country
- 11,000,000 military
-6,700,000 civilian
-money today 2 trillion
Leaders ww2
- joseph Stalin- poor growing up. involved in crimes to fund Bolshevik revolution (Russia became communist). Lenin died 1924 then Stalin became leader. signed non aggression pact with hitler. Germany broke the pact. soviet union became part of the allies. died 1953 then once died soviet got rid of his ways and stuff and go fresh. responsible for 20 million deaths. (Stalin won leader of soviet union)
Battle strategies
- power in numbers
- climate!! Germany weren't prepared fro cold
- burn the fighting ground (pushed back so then burn everything)
- women on the front lines
-shoot anyone that leaves
Hitler's plan (operation Barbarossa)
- Stalingrad- decisive soviet victory
-Leningrad- soviet victory, surrounded
- Moscow-
Major battle
- invaded Poland- September 17, 1939. Germany invaded Poland. soviet victory. ended up taking all of Poland. 84,000 killed. easy victory.
- invasion of soviet union. June 22, 1941. operation Barbarossa. invaded by Germany. fail for the axis powers. were close but failed. (siege of Leningrad lasted 872 days never invaded starved them where cannibalism started. total casualties were over 4 million
- battle of Stalingrad - bloodiest turning point over 2 million dead. Austin 23, 1942 till February 2nd 1943
- battler of berlin- April 14, 1945 red army breached end in Europe 173,000 killed (heart of Germany where hitler is BERLIN)
- BACK HOME - poor harsh discipline people went hungry. depended a lot more than they had/ so tough because of the Germans invading. where cannibalism started
Generals who impacted the war
-George Zhukov- played big role in letting red army in conquering Germanys capital. captured berlin. (stalin didn't like him was jealous)
-Boris shaposhnikav- chief of the general staff guy behind the scenes incase something happened .
why and how soviets won
- won because of the winter .
post war
- enormous loss of 40 million. mass shooting of civilians. lots of feminine disease. destalinization getting rid of Stalin deals like not kill many people because Stalin wanted to kill everyone
BRUNS
Stalin policy prior to world war 2
-dropped out of world war 1 to fight bulshivac revolution loosing war to Germany and the Bolshevik was to become communist.
- purges to slave labor camps in Siberia
- "cult of personality" see tons of statues and pictures for to make people remember that there is charge.
-nationalism and collectivism. soviet union went to people taking farms to the government taking over peoples businesses
-fiver year plans have goals every 5 years want to increase how much money . economic plan
-banned religion- was Christian then atheist would be in prison if practice religion
-let people starve to death
Soviet union invasions-
- also invaded Latvia Lithuania and Finland. signed neutrality pact with japan. invaded by germy in June. the Russian winter of 1941 changed the tide of the war
-1943- 1944 soviets slowly pushing Germany
GREAT BRITIAN
Prior to world war 2
-just out fo world war 1, great Britain and france don't want war.
-hitler takes over the Rhineland (Rhineland demilitarized after WWl location at France)
-prime minister Neville chamberlain hands over the Sudetenland
entering the war
- made allies with Poland
- Germany invades Poland on September 1, 1939
- great Britain and France declare war on Germany September 3, 1939
Major leader
- Winston Churchill- born very wealthy family. joined harrow rifle corps got his passion military. performed poorly at first two schools. struggles in school and math a lot. grew up in Ireland. served in army until 1899. wrote military reports. worked as a war correspondent, became member of parliament in 1900. elected president of board of trade in 1908. served in WWl after Gallipoli failure. involved in politic before world war 2. appointed prime minister . worked on post war tact war plan for after the war, lost general election but continues to have a impact on world affaires.
- The blitz- 43,000 civilians died from German bombing. bombing of London lasted 57 consecutive nights. children and elderly evacuated the countryside.
-food rationing- what u had to pay u got porportions
main events
- Britain joins allied forces (great Britain ,Us, Russia) Allied forces
- Battle of Britain- completely air Germany continually bombs Britain. completely use of aircrafts. where propaganda and home front came into play.
- Munich conference- was a settlement that was permeeting Nazi german and parts of cezlavociakia gave them the country so the war wouldn't break out. gave them what he wanted to stay out of war so gave cezlvokia.
-fall of Singapore- in southeast Asia was a British military base. japan won the battle of Singapore. was the largest surrender o British led by personnel in history.
Military- the great Britain army in wwll was a volunteer army. it introduced limited conscription.
bruns
- want to know. world war 1 end of war great britian most powerful country in the war but they struggles a lot they wanted to make sure didn't have war again. signed 4 5 9 power pact. joined league of nations. signed kalong brand pact. hit them hard struggles for survival. spring of 1940 battle of Britain goes. great Britain ended up won invasion never happened turned his attention on soviet unction. great Britain was in d day invasion and north Africa and in Europe. Winston Churchill we shall not surrender. Bernard Montgomery was of the British biggest general (allies won Britain did good they could survive. the ultra secret was a German code)
Unites states
major leaders
- FDR- franklin d Roosevelt- president during world war 1 was great friend with Churchill. he helped create the unite of nations. died from hemorrhage. German offensive (allied)
-general MacArthur- Philippines back out. Japanese surrender. sometimes criticizes and sometimes praised. some think he didn't do enough. FDR DIDNT like him but respected how he took care of his troupes. was in charge of u.s forces against Phillies
-Patton- complicated military man. fierce determination. lead soldiers. major generals that fought against Germany in (Europe and north Africa)
- Dwight d. Eisenhower- commander of d day and helped organize and and north Africa attack. ran for president but didn't get the nomination 1948.
Major battles
-Treat of Versailles- June 28. 1918 end of world war 1. ended war between Germany and allied powers. German boundaries reassigned
-Kellogg Briand pact- no war august 27, 1928. 15 countries signs. some countries were France, us, condom south Africa, Italy japan,
-neutrality acts- 1935 congress passed would not supply anyone with anything. 1937. forbade us citizens to get hostile ships or trade with the countries. . 1939 passed cash and carry country have to pay us before we give them anyone it was smart because after world war 1 (being sunk) there was so much debt.
- when war officially came involved was peal harbor (December 8, 1941. did sneak attack. was hoping to get us out of the war but it didn't. ended up damaged some of the ships
- why we became involved. peal harbor. a day that will live in infamy. Nazi sinking ships and Germany.
-what happened when America became involved- tided were turned. new torus. axis powers were defeated
- home front- planted victory gardens. bought war bonds help government pay for the war. Rosie the riveter main women who built stuff lady being positive she was a figure head.
-how were the tides of war turned?- new soldiers. special soldiers. equipment (allies). iron fist came in hard. better equipment
- major battles
peal harbor - December 7 1941 Japanese surprise attack in Hawaii. 2,500 killed.
d- day- delayed because of the weather rainy. American on Utah and Omaha. heavy resistance. eventually rook over. 9000 Americans killed/ wounded. attacked juno beach. Canadians helped
iwo jima- japan owned the island. us armed forces took over. heavy resistance. 26,000 killed
battle of midway- naval battle. defeated japan. turning point pacific campaign. akagi main ship of the Japanese
battle of the bulge- last major German offensive. attempted to split allies armies in half. caught us off guard. 20,000 killed.
Leyte war- naval battle destroyed much of Japanese surface fleet. damages there navy and got us to push closer to japan.
Okinawa- last and biggest. Japanese held out for many weeks. 10,000 killed. at stake air bases vital to attack on japan.
Manhattan project - atomic bomb . very secretive. led by the us with help of uk and Canada. Einstein and Enrico expressed trouble with axis having his power we made first bomb.
island hopping- what we take over key islands. get in range for bombing japan was main reason.
what were the impact ww2 had on American- great depresstion eended. the economy. super power. nuclear weapons. jobs
quick info- cause American 1.6 trillion dollars. president Roosevelt us al capons bulletproof car for transportations to deliver the PH speech for protection.
bruns
allied powers- great Britain. unites states. china. France. soviet union
us after WWl-
ships being sunk got us into world war 1. 1920's and 30's was all about focusing on America. (4 5(limited naval size) 9 (open door policy in china) power pact) Washington's naval party.
Kellogg's Briand pact- the us did sign th pact was as a mean to settle dusputes make sure WWl last major war to be fought.
neutrality in general- neutrality act was keep us out of war be alone but ended up taking sides. neutrality act actually pulled is into the war. trade pulled us into the war.
neutrality act 1935- signed on august 31, 1935. it was designed to last 6 months. banned us trade of arms and war materials with any other country at war.
neutrality act 1936- signed in February 1936. it forbade all loans or credits to countries. brings us closer to war didn't want to be in debt
neutrality act 1937- passed in may 1937 expire of 2 years. including previous information from the neutrality. (CASH AND CARRY SYSTEM- countries gave us cash and then transport it back on there own ships) (not in debt) starting to pick sides.
neutrality act 1939- passed November 1939. same things allowed for arms and trade with countries nations on cash and carry system. us citizens and ships could not enter war zones designated by the president. passed to help great Britain and France (were picking sides)
bases for destroyers pact - gave them ships picked sides between usa and great Britain. gave us bases for destroyers!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Panay incident December 1937- American gunboat attacked on river in china by japan- 3 us troupes killed 45 wounded. japans accident apologized and paid us.
end of us neutrality lend leace act- gave them ships then would give them back. Roosevelt did this.
gave goods to Russia, china, great Britain (over a billion), Iceland's, Norway, turkey, Iran,
German u boats- did very well at beginning of the war. WOULD give them boats and if didn't give it back would give us one of there boats
selective training and service act- we drafted people. 1940- 1947- (18- 45 year old drafted.)
Atlantic Charter- august 1941- set up Lenin charter drafted war goals when we weren't in the war most likely like 14 points (get rid of colonies, reduction of the war, destructing Germany)
wwll MAJOR BATTLES of japans
- Peal harbor- December 7 1941- hit is hard December 8th declared war. attacked us to knock us out of war we quit trading oil wanted indionisha. had to trike us before we were in the war. plan woke the sleeping giant. japan massive offensive against us and great Britain that day
- PHILLIPINES- 1942- 2944-
- baton death march (Philippines) had to march to one camp to the next. most of them were dying for over heating lack of medical attention, food. atrocity thing that happened major island Philippines
- do-little's raid- 1942 went and bombed Tokyo.
-battle of coral sea 1942
- battle of midway victory us 1942
- island hopping ( MacArthur came up with Guam, iwo jima, Okinawa )
summer 1945 preparing for invasions of japan- operating downfall. planned for October 1945. estimated to have over 1 million casualties'. wanted to plan but never happened
Manhattan project was a code name of the attomic bomb. throughout the war had to figure out a plane that could carry the bombs Enola gay- was the plane names after his mother for the bombing
Hiroshima bombing- little boy( bomb) and Nagasaki bomb (fat boy) only drop the bomb if you could see the target
VJ day- august 14/ 15 japan surrendered then world war 2 was over with japan
Potsdam declarations- government would be cancelled allies would occupy japan military would be able to go home would loose land that they got. have to have new constitution with religion and freedom of speech. had to surrender or would face bombing. japan would surrender so dropped a bomb then surrendered.
Majors battles of Germany
battle of Atlantic- 1941-45- battle for the control of Atlantic ocean. German u boats and trying to destroy goods and food wanted to stop getting goods to the enemies.
operations torch 1945 -
operation avalanche- Italy changed sides
- d day operation overload june 6th 1944
- battle of bulge winter of 1944-45 successful ended up being not successful
-- battle with submarines one was convoy system was sue in wwl and ll one ship would be sitting duck them around the ships that have the goods. Germany used wolf packs
-allies intelligence
radar- detects things above war
huff duff used to locate sources of enemy radio transfusions such as submarines
ultra and magic -code breaking
d day- when us British cross English channel and invade to free France from German control. landed at islands Utah and omaha
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