March 23-27

[3 Aaron]

Monday- GB presentation

• Joined League of Nations
• Signed pact with Poland
• Part of Washington naval conference
• Tried to appease Hitler by allowing territorial growth 
• Declared war on Germany in 1939
• Prime minister- Neville CHamberlain
• Chamberlain resigned in May of 1940
• Died of cancer in November of 1940
• Winston Churchill Prime minister after Chamberlain 
• Tried to warm people of Hitler
• Died at age 90
• Grew up in Dublin
• Clement Attlee 
• Part of British Cabinet (1940-1942)
• Prime minister following Churchill
• War goals was to focus on taking out Germany
• Food was rationed
• kids were labelled as luggage and separated from parents

Tuesday- U.S Presentation

Wednesday- U.S Presentation- Bruns

• 5 major Allied Powers – Great Britain, United States, France, China, & the Soviet Union
• Never signed the Treaty of Versailles
• Join the League of Nations or return to isolationism?
• Republican Warren Harding won the 1920 Presidential election with the promise to “Return to Normalcy” (return to isolation)
• The U.S. went back to focusing on America in the 1920’s & 1930’s
• Four Power Pact
• The U.S., Great Britain, France, & Japan would respect each other’s possessions in the Pacific
• Five Power Pact
• Designed to prevent arm’s race (building up military/weapons)
• It limited the construction of battleships, battle cruisers, & aircraft carriers
• Did not restrict cruisers, destroyers, or submarines
• Nine Power Pact
• Guaranteed Chinese independence and upheld the Open Door Policy – guaranteed free trade with China
• Countries pledged not to use war as a way to settle disputes
• Passed 4 Neutrality acts – stay out of conflicts
• Passed in response to the issues in Europe & Asia the eventually led to WWII
• Neutrality Act of 1935
• Banned U.S. trade with any countries at war
• U.S. citizens traveling on warring ships traveled at their own risk
• Neutrality Act of 1936
• Renewed the provisions of the 1935 act
• Forbade all loans or credits to belligerents (people/countries at war)
• Did not include civil wars
• Neutrality Act of 1937
• Included the provisions of the earlier acts
• Included civil wars
• U.S. ships were prohibited from transporting any passengers or items to belligerents
• U.S. citizens were not allowed to travel on ships of belligerent nations
• A “cash & carry” system was set up
• Not so neutral
• Aimed to help Great Britain
• Great Britain would send a ship over to America
• They would pay cash up front for supplies & send their ship back to their country
• That way, our ships couldn’t be sunk
• Neutrality Act of 1939
• Allowed for arms trade with belligerent nations on a cash & carry basis
• U.S. citizens & ships were barred from entering war zones designated by the president
• Quarantine – cut something off – don’t want it to spread
• Peaceful nations need to come together and quarantine the violent/aggressive nations
• American gunboat was attacked on river in China by Japan
• Japan thought that it was a Chinese boat
• Japan said it was an accident, apologized, & paid the U.S. $$
• Between the U.S. & Great Britain
• 50 U.S. destroyers were given to Great Britain in exchange for land rights on British colonies for naval or air base purposes
• The Lend-Lease Act
• Allowed the U.S. to sell, lend, or give war materials to nations that the U.S. wanted to support
• Required that men between the ages of 21 & 35 register for the draft
• First peacetime draft in U.S. history
• How the draft worked
• Each man was given a number
• Numbers were drawn from a bowl
• This determined the draft order
• 158 was the first number chosen
• Between the U.S. & Great Britain
• Defined the Allied goals for after the war
• Pearl Harbor – December 7^th, 1941
• Midway – major turning point in war against Japan
• D-Day – June 6^th, 1944
• Fight against U-boats
• Power in numbers
• Merchant ships in the middle, battle ships on the outside
• RADAR provided a means of detecting vessels and aircraft above the surface
• HF/DF was used to locate the sources of enemy radio transmissions such as submarines
• Allied code-breaking secrets were known as “ULTRA” & “MAGIC”
• Enigma Machine – system in which Germany transferred their information through codes
• Bombe – Machine used by the Allies to decipher enemy codes
• Stalin, Churchill, & Roosevelt met to determine what would happen when the war ended
• The establishment of the United Nations
• Germany would be divided into 4 zones
• Free elections allowed in the states of Eastern Europe
• Russia promised to join the war against Japan
• Did traditional house work
• Worked as nurses
• Worked in factories
• WAVES – Women’s navy
• WASP – Women’s Army Service Pilots
• Transported airplanes
• Pilots
• Worked at home
• Fought
• Segregated from whites
• Tuskegee Airmen – pilots, did bomb runs over Italy
• Worked at home
• Fought
• Entertainment for people so that they could forget about war
• News reels
• Propaganda
• USO – United Service Organizations – entertaining troops overseas – founded by Bob Hope
• OPA (Office of Price Administration) – in charge of rationing & price controls
• Some things that were rationed - gas, food, silk, nylon, & plastics
• Everything had to go to the war effort
• Different colored stickers determined the amount of gallons of gas that you could get per week – people sold stickers on the black market
• Stamps were used to purchase products
• Encouraged mass production – don’t waste time
• U.S. citizens bought bonds, which paid for the war
• Investment
• Japanese Americans could not be trusted
• Weren’t death camps
• Forced to sell homes & most of their belongings
• Took away their rights
• Given jobs – paid for work
• Children went to school
• There was entertainment & school sports
• We had a lot more allies
• The U.S. gave materials to all of our allies
• Our intelligence – we knew what was coming
• Women working in production
• Navajo Code Talkers – the Axis Powers were unable to decipher our code

Thursday- Movie

Friday- Gone for FSC trip in AG