Monday-Wednesday: Germany information
Thursday: Germany test
Germany:
How Germans reacted to the Treaty of Versaille:
- anger
- seen by many German as being forced on them
- no choice but to sign it
- many Germans didn't want to get it signed
Hitler Background:
- born in 1889
- didn't succeed in getting in to art school in Vienna
- did street art to get money
- when he was 20, both parents were dead
- failed to get into Austrian army in ww1 -> Went to Germany
- after ww2 joined the Nazi party
- Commites suicide April 30, 1945
Beer Hall Putsch:
- It failed
- he ended up in prison
Hitlers trail:
- he only got 5 years for treason
Mein Kampf:
- wrote this book while he was in prison
- blaming the Jews for things, scapegoat
Hilter rise to power:
- Hitler is appointed Chancellor is 1933 -> to controll him, didn't work well
- President Hindenburg dies
- He got powers for a certain time, made him dictator
- Hitler s early actions: Drops out of the league of Nations; start rearming Germany; Rearmed the German Rhineland area
Sudentenland:
- Area which Germany lost
- many German people in there
Munich Conference:
- Hitler was given the Sudentenland
- Hitler promised that he was done taking over territories
- Hitler just wanted to reunite the German speaking people
- became know as the "Policy of Appeasement" -> Hitler was given what he wanted to calm him down
Hitler takes over Czechoslovakia
- Hitler showed that he lied to GB and France -> they didn't do anything, but decided the next thing Hitler does means war
Soviet - German Non - Aggression Pact:
- Russia gave raw materials to Germany in exchange for money and weapons
- Secretly agreed to split Poland
- People were shocked
- Poland was scared
- Germany, Italy and Japan -> axis powers
Blitzkrieg
- really quick
- first airplane -> destroy phone lines
- tanks and bombs
- quickly through the front line, work their way into the middle
- takes only couple of weeks
- Hitler took over: Belgium, Netherlands, Luxembourg, Denmark, Norway, France (in two months)
->Sitzkrieg - The phony war
- waiting out the winter, waiting for the spring
Tuesday:
Miracle of Dunkirk:
- British and French troops were evacuated to GB
Hitler takes France over - Picture Eiffel Tower:
- Picture of him with the Eiffel Tower
- Hitler waited for this over 20 years
- Reverence for the treaty of Versailles
- 1940, France surrenders
-> France got divided -> French people resistant
Countries Hitler took over:
- Belgium, Netherlands, Denmark, Poland, Yugoslavia, Greece, Albania, Luxembourg, Finland, Norway
Nazi goals:
- Destroy the royal air force
- attack and destroy British Navy
- attack British troops
- if this is all done: invasion of GB (Germany never succeed)
Ultra:
- Code for Germany
- One reason why they didn't won the war
Battle of Britain:
- Bombing attacked
- Luftwaffe against the Royal Air Force
German Invasion of USSR:
- June, 1941
- Moussaka, Leningrad, Stalingrad-> three cities which Hitler wanted to take over
Battle of Moscow:
- Hitler didn't took over those cities before winter -> turning point of the war
- Germany lost the war then (1941), but Hitler didn't stop fighting
The North Africa Campaign:
- Ernst Rommel: The desert fox
D-Day-"Operation Overload"
- Wanting to take over beaches
- June 6 1944
- 11 months before end of war
- The invasion of British across English channels
- Normady, France
- Take control of the beach and push back
Liberation of Paris
- 3 months
- Finally free from Nazi control
Battle of the Bulge
- Biggest loss of lives in US
- Germany wanted to take over more land
V-E day May 8, 1945
War is over
Nazi Propoganda
- Blaming Jews and communists
Holocaust
- 6 out of 9 million Jews and 12 million people were killed
- Genocide- target a specific group
- Aryan race- blonde hair, blue eye, tall
- "What should we do with the Jews"
Nuremberg Laws
- Defined who a jew was
- Jews only marry jews
- Jews were not considered citizens
Kristallnacht
- Breaking Jewish businesses and churches
- "Night of the broken glass"
- Yellow arm band with star of david required on jews
- Poland had most concentration camps
- Start killing jew in 1940
- Jews forced to ghettos
1942 Final solution
- Plan to kill all 100% of Jews
- Israel is home of the Jews
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