Monday- Video
Tuesday- Video
Wednesday- Soviet Union Notes
Soviet Union
Major events
- War with Poland
- Peace treaty signed
- Stalin takes over
- Joined league of nations
- Non Aggression pact with Germany and one with Japan
- Germans fail to take over Stalingrad
Leaders
- Joseph Stalin
- poor growing up
- involved in bulshavek revolution
- involved in crimes
- moving up ranks in communist party
- Stalin coming to power
- signed non aggression act with hitler
- Soviet Union became part of allies
- Germany broke the pact
- Stalin out of power
- died from stroke
- De Stalinization happened after his death
- responsible for 20 million deaths
Battle Strategies
- Had lots of people
- climate
- burn the fighting ground
- women on the front lines
Hitlers plan (Operation Barbarosa)
- Stalingrad
- decisive Soviet victory
- Leningrad
- Soviet victory
- Surrounded
- Moscow
Major battles
- Invasion of Poland
- Germany invaded Poland
- Soviet victory - easy
- didnt have tanks or weapons to attack
- not ready
- Invasion of Soviet Union
- Invaded by Germany
- fail for axis powers
- Siege of Leningrad
- Sept. 8 , 1941
- Lasted 872 days
- over 4 million deaths
- surrounded the place and starved them
- cannibalism started
- Battle of Stalingrad
- Aug, 23, 1942
- Bloodiest
- turning point
- over 2 million dead
- Battle of Berlin
- red army breached
- End in Europe
- 173,000 killed
- capitol of Germany
- hitler would not surrender
- Back Home
- poor
- harsh discipline
- people went hungry
- depended on farmers
- cannibalism
- needed more than they had
- tough because of Germans invading
Generals
- George Zhukov
- captured Berlin
- Stalin didnt like him
- jealous of him
- Boris Shaposhnikov
Why and how Soviets won
- winter impacted
- allies came to help
Post War
- loss of 40 million
- mass shooting of civilians
- disease spreading
- destalinization - getting rid of Stalin's ways
Bruns Soviet Union Notes
Stalin's Policy Prior to WWI
- dropped WWI and signed and lost to Germany
- purging - cant trust them
- created ''Cult of personality''
- statues and pictures of leaders
- makes people remember they are in charge
- Nationalization and Collectivization of Soviet Economy
- government taking over farms
- had farmers work for government
- Five year plans - goals to improve
- Policies led to famine in Ukraine
- Banned religion
USSR in WWII
- signed non aggression pact with Germany
- led to Invasion of Poland
- Signed neutrality pact with Japan
- ...................................................................................................................................
Great Britain Notes
Prior to WWII
- GB and France don't want war
- Hitler take over Rhineland
- Rhineland- on border of France
- Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain hands over Sudetenland
Entering the war
- made allies with Poland
- Germany invades Poland
- GB and France declare war on Germany
Winston Churchill
- Born into wealthy family
- grew up in Dublin
- bad in school
- joined Harrow Riffle Corps
- served in army
- wrote military reports
- elected president of board of trade
- served in WWI after Gallipoli failure
- appointed prime minister
- worked on post war tack-ticks'
The blitz
- children and elderly evacuated to the country to stay safe
- bombing of London lasted 57 nights
Main Events
- Britain joined allied forces
- 2 major battles
- Battle of Britain
- completely used aircraft
- Germany bombed Britain
- lost battle of Britain
- more successful at night attacking
- Battle of Singapore
- japan won
- largest surrender of british led personal in history
- Battle of Britain
- Munich Conference
- settlement permeating nazi germany and other countries by their borders to a new territorial designation
- Military
- GB army in WWI was a volunteer army
Bruns Notes on GB
- GB wanted to make sure war never happened again
- signed league of nations, 4 5 9 power pact, Kellogg brand pact
- great depression hit very hard
- Munich Conference
- nevile chamberlain was hero for a while
- invasion of Poland happens
- Hitler goes into Battle of Britain
- won by royal air force (GB)
- British fought in north Africa before us
- Winston Churchill- we shall never surrender speech
- Churchill lost
- Major general- Bernard Montgomery (Monte)
- held out in battle of britain
United States
Major leaders during WW2
- FDR
- President during WWI
- friends with Churchill
- helped create United Nations
- died of cerebral hemorrhage
- MacArthur
- put to Philippines to train troops
- Japanese surrendered
- sometimes criticized and sometimes praised
- in charge of US attacking Japan during WW2
- came up with island hopping
- Eisenhower
- commander of D-Day
- helped organize North Africa attack
- ran against MacArthur for president and won
- Patton
- complicated military strategies
- famous for determination
- one of the best general with warfare in modern technology
- fought in Europe and North Africa]
Treaty of Versailles
- end of WWI
- ended war between Germany and allied powers
- reassigned German boundaries
Kellogg Brand Pact
- signed it hoping there would never be another war
- also called Pact of Paris
- 15 countries assigned
Neutrality Acts
- no exporting anything to do with war to countries at war
- forbid US citizens to get on hostile ships or trade with hostile countries
- removed other neutrality acts did and replaced it with "cash and carry"
- made sure we got our money
- We got involved on December 8, 1941
- also known as Pearl Harbor day
- we got involved because of Pearl Harbor
- Nazi's sinking ships
- we got new weapons: Nagasaki Hiroshima
- axis powers defeated
Home front
- victory gardens
- war bonds
- Rosie the riveter "we can do it"
How tides of war turned
- new soldiers
- special soldiers
- equipment
- iron fist
- better equipment
Major Battles
- Pearl Harbor
- japan surprise attack
- in Hawaii
- December 7, 1941
- D-Day
- delayed from weather
- Americans attacked Utah and Omaha beach
- we took it over
- Canadians helped
- Iwo Jima
- Island Japan owns
- US armed forces took it
- heavy resistance
- Battle of Midway
- naval battle
- defeated Japan
- turning point at pacific campaign
- Battle of the Bulge
- last major German offensive
- attempted split armies
- densely forested Ardennes
- Leyte War
- naval battle
- we destroyed much of Japanese surface fleet
- virtually ended their ability to move goods
- Okinawa
- stake air bases vital to attack on Japan
- Japanese held out for many weeks
- last and biggest
Manhattan Project
- atomic bomb creation
- very secretive
- led by US with help from UK and Canada
- Einstein and Enrico expressed trouble with having Axis powers
Island hopping
- take over key islands
- get in range for bombing Japan
America impacts from WW2
- Great depression end
- economy shot up
- super power
- nuclear weapons
- jobs
Bruns Notes on America
Allied Powers
- GB
- US
- China
- Soviet Union
- France
US after WWI
- US never signed Treaty of Versailles
- US never joined league of nations, we stayed isolated
- Republican Harding won 1920 president election with promise to return to normalcy
- US went back to focusing on America in 1920 and 1930s
4 Power Pact -
5 Power Pact - limited naval size
9 Power Pact - open door policy
Kellogg Brand Pact
- US did sign to make sure war didnt settle disputes
Neutrality in General
- to be neutral means not taking sides
- keep us out of war
- isolation
Neutrality Act of 1935
- designed to last 6 months
- we banned all trade to any country at war (weapons)
- declared US citizens traveling on warring ships........................................
Neutrality Act 1936
- also forbade loans to countries in war
Neutrality Act of 1937
- A "cash and carry" system
- made sure countries gave us cash and made them come get it themselves
Neutrality Act of 1939
- US ships can not enter war zones
- allowed arms trade with belligerent nations on cash and carry basis
Panay Incident
- American gunboat attacked by Japan
- said it was an accident
- they paid for damages
Bases for Destroyers
- US destroyers given to GB in exchange for.............................................................................................
End of US Neutrality - Lend Lease Act
- allowed US to sell, lend or give war materials to nations the US wanted to support
- US gave 50 million to Allied nations through war
- got rid of cash and carry act
German U Boats
Selective Training and Service Act
- required men between 21 and 35 register for draft
- drafted between numbers in a fish bowl and picked
Atlantic Charter
- between US (FDR) and GB (Churchill)
- defined the allied goals for post war world
- similar to Wilson 14 points
Major battle timeline vs Japan
- Pearl Harbor - Dec 7, 1941
- Battle of Philippines
- Doolittle raid - FDR makes us fight back
- Coral Sea
- Midway
- Battle of Guadalcanal
- Saipian
- Guam
- Iwo Jima
- Okinawa
- Hiroshima/Nagasaki
why japan attack - to knock us out of the war
Bataan Death March
- Filipinos forced to march from camps to next
- died from medical, mistreated, lack of food
- 10,000 Filipino died
- 650 Americans died
Summer 1945
- Operation downfall- invasion of Japan
Enola Gay
- planes built to drop bombs
Manhattan project
- code name given for atomic bomb
- july 16, 945
Hiroshima
- "Little boy"
- smaller than other bombs
Radiation Sickness
- sickness
Nagasaki Bomb
- "Fat Man"
- Bockscar
- ordered to drop on target
- couldn't see target
- dropped it far from target because they couldn't see around clouds
VJ Day
- Japan signed official documents with USS Missouri
- war officially over for Japan
Potsdam Conference
- Japan military disarmed and go home
- face war crime trials
- new constitution
- had to surrender or face destruction
- allies take over land
- japan refused so we dropped a bomb
- ally of ours today
Battles vs Germany
- Battle of Atlantic
- get control of Atlantic ocean
- Operation Torch (Invasion of Morocco)
- Operation Avalance
- Operation Overlord
- D-Day
- June 6, 1944 ********************************************************
- Battle of Bulge
- Hitlers last offensive
- Operation Varsity
- invasion of Germany of US and GB
The German West wall
Convoy System
- instead of 1 ship going across Atlantic we surround them
- successful
Huff Duff
- Allow to attack submarines
- RADAR- detecting vessels and aircraft above surface
Bombe
Depth Charges
- bombs under water to explode submarines
D-Day
USBritish crossing channel invading normading to free France
Utah and Omaha Beach
Yalta Conference
- last time they would be together
- Stalin, Churchill, FDR
- Established United Nations
- Soviet Union,British,US,France
- Germany divided into 4 zones
- free election allowed in states of Europe
- Russia promised to join war against Japan
Victory In Europe Day
- May 8 1945
Native Americans
- coding
African Americans
- fought as soldiers
- segregated
Tuskegee Airman
- bomb italy
Asian Americans
- fought in war
- work in farms and factories
Hollywood in WWII
- entertainment to escape depression and war
USO (United Service Org.)
- entertain troops in war
OPA and rationing
- office of price administration
- had to ration things
- 5 gallons of gas per week
- ration book with stamps
War finance committee
- helped pay for the war
- bombs are in investment
- made money years later for buying bombs
Japanese Internment Camps
- dessert areas
- had to sell homes and went to camps
- kids went to school
- adults worked and got paid
- Japanese Americans forced from homes and move to relocation camps
Semester test questions
- Why US and Allies won WWII
- war production
- strong allies
- more allies then Germany
- better technology
- better bombs
- battle strategies (island hopping, bomb dropping)
- Hitlers mistakes
- ultra and magic
- Cause and effects of WWII
- Cause
- invaded china
- pearl harbor
- Effect
- costs
- super power
- cold war between US and SU
- Korean war
- Cause
- Major Events
- blitzkrieg
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