Ch. 15 Test Topics
Describe the cycle of the Great Depression?
What was the New Deal(1st and 2nd) and it's goals(3 R's)?
- goals of the 3 R's
- Relief
- they were trying to RELIEVE the unemployed, poor, homeless, and all in all vulnerable people.
- Recovery
- attempting to RECOVER our economy in order to get it back to normal. Went from breadlines to fast food places
- Reform
- trying to REFORM the financial system in order to prevent any oncoming depressions
- 1st New Deal
- passed in 1933
- lasted until 1934
- worked at fixing the economy from top to bottom(help businesses first)
- mostly based off the trickle down theory. this is where the gov't pours money into businesses in order to stabilize buying and selling, and go forward to help our economy
- it helped from banks to farms and many more
- 2nd New Deal
- in effect from 1934-1936
- focused on restoring our economy from bottom to top(help individual people. give em SS)
- this meant that they tried to turn non-consumer to consumer again- in order to help the businesses and when the businesses succeed, so does the gov't
Why did people criticize the New Deal?
Why was FDR upset with the US Supreme Court and what did he do to try to solve this issue?
- FDR wanted to expand to expand the size of the supreme court because he felt the "old guys" felt his laws were unconstitutional
- Proposed in 1930s- every guy over 70 he wanted to add a new justice
- congress wouldn't allow the # of justices to be increased
- FDR was criticized for trying to undermine the independence of the courts
- Critics and failing of the new deal
- Charles Coughlin
- roman preist
- supported the new deal and soon turned against FDR
- Townsend
- Physician and health officer in long Beach cali.
- Believed FDR was not doing enough to help the poor and elderly
- made a plan to benitit the elderly
- Long
- senator of louisiana
- supported of the new deal
- alos turned against FDR
- was eager to win presidency for himself
- They cared about things that mattered to the poor
How did the New Deal help:
unemployed
- CCC-Civilan conservation corps
- emergency conservation work act
- roosevelts personal philosophy
- provided jobs for men in felief families
- 2.5 million men enrolled in jst 9 years
- most popular program
- 30 a month
- made other programs for veterans and native americans
- by 1942 with the draft in operation it was voted to close the program
- FERA
- Federal Emergency relief act
- create the FERA
- distributed more that 20 million $$$ in direct aid to unemployed
- in turn would help the unemployed to find new jobs
- 3 primary objectives
- direct relief measures
- provide work for employable people
- provide many different types of relief programs
farmers
factory workers/labor
young people
- CCC
banks/business
- Reconstruction Finance Corporation
- hoovers administration
- independent agency
- modeled after the war financecorporation
- 2 billion$$ to state and local governments
- played a really big role in the great depression
- helped unemployed also
home owners
elderly
Native Americans- the Indian Reorganization Act(IDA) allowed them to use their culture and tradition
Describe the culture of the 1930's.
- Musical Movies
- composer wrote for movies and broadway musicals
- movies provided a lift from hard times
- Pop
- pop would include singers and dancers
- Jazz the swing era and big bands
- big bands consistes of 15 to 20 people
- Country and western music
- Country usicc was also known as hillbilly music
- country and western music includes blue grass, and others
- Fashion
- 8 million people jobless
- less or little money
- going out of business
- shrinking budjets
- Womens fasion
- hats wore for both day and night
- dresses were often cut on the bias
- long halter top dresses lace frocks
- negligees
- corsets
- Mens fasion
- wore hats day and night
- suits to create large torso
- shoulder pads
- matching top hats
- over coats
- Sportrs
- the javelin thros
- 80 meter hurdles
- the hight jump
- hockey
- football
- boxing
- mens tennis
- baseball
- racing-Indy 500
- soccer
- horse racing
- Facts
- life expectancy-Male-58.1, lady-61.6
- star spalgle banner became national anthem
Key terms:
- Hundred Days
- the time where the president's seem to be the most efficient. FDR blew the roof on this.
- hundred days of the new deal
- fireside chats
- FDR broadcasting on the radio telling people to have faith and believe in the new deal and that banks would do better
- became popular-people started listening to the radio more. so radio stations did better
- continued til 1940's until their attention turned to WWII
- priming the pump
- pump from a well, nothing would come out
- great depression related.
- try to help things move along and see if it would help or not...
- jump start the economy
- deficit spending
- Gvernment spending
- more that collected in taxes
- people scared about project money
- would "pull them under"farther
- Indian Reorganization Act (IRA) -
- gave land back to the tribes so they could run their own land again
- allowed Native Americans to use their tribes
- it allowed Indians to use their culture and tradition.
- replaced the Dawes Act (tried to Americanize the Native Americans)
- was established in 1934
- another name for this act is the Wheeler-Howard Act
- established June 18, 1934
- leader was John Collier
- the act was doing more harm that good to the natives(it was too little too late)
- in 1936 was when Alaska tribes were added to the act
- FDR's Background
- FDR before presidency
- born Jan 30, 1882.
- went to high school at Groton Boarding School
- Went to Harvard College
- Was married to his wife ELeanor on March 17, 1905, had 6 kids
- other professions
- was 44th governor of NY from 1929 - 1932
- ran for vice president in 1920
- -was 32nd president. Democratic. Won 57% of the vote
- was in office from March 14, 1933 to April 12, 1945
- was in office during the Great Depression
- our only president to have polio and to be in a wheelchair
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