Week of January 25-29

[1Haley]

Monday- Talked about politics and then reviewed for our test tomorrow.

Tuesday-  Took our test over 1920's.

Wednesday- Looked over tests. Started watching the 1930's videos.

Thursday- Mr. Bruns kept going over his ppt. Then watched video over Hoover. 

Friday- Continued with Mr. Bruns' ppt and continued watching 1930's videos.

1930’s Topics:

 

1.-Causes of the Great Depression 

• Overproduction of goods
  • Companies were pumping out lots of goods and not selling it
  • Companies were not making money so they had to fire people and possibly shut down the company
• Under-consumption of foods by consumers
  • People decided they were going to save their money and stop buying
  • Led to low profits in businesses 
  • Businesses had to let people go 
• Agricultural slump in 1920's due to overproduction
  • Farmers were told to plant food to give to soldiers who were fighting during WWI
  • After WWI they didn't take that land back they kept planting and it led to overproduction
• High protective tariff polices of the 1920's
  • High taxes on important goods so people would buy American goods
  • People weren't buying because they wanted to save money so the tariff on Foreign goods didn't matter
  • Because of the high tariff we couldn't sell to foreign countries because they had high tariffs on our goods 
  • Companies weren't making money overseas or here
• Taxes benefiting the rich-rich got richer, poor got poorer 
  • Gave tax breaks to the wealthy
  • Made people think that Republicans only cared about the rich
  • Taxes hit the middle-class very hard
  • People have less money to spend because of the taxes
• Stock Market Crash
  • People lost money/everything
  • Banks lost money which caused more people to lose money
  • Businesses failed which caused people to lose jobs
• Banks Closing
  • Banks closed and peoples money was gone
  • People didn't have any money so they couldn't purchase
• Dust Bowl- Strengthened the Great Depression (Kansas, Oklahoma, N Texas, The Great Plains)
  • Happened because of the way they farmed
  • Didn't rotate crops
  • Didn't know proper ways to treat soil
  • Plowing up in the fields led to dryness 
  • These areas became very dry
  • Not enough rain- became desert like
  • Dust storms happened

What was the cycle of the Great Depression?

The Vicious Cycle of the Great Depression 

• Companies lose $$ so they lay people off
• Unemployment rate goes up and less people buy goods as income has dropped
• Companies profits fall so they have to lay more people off or close
• Cycle repeats  

2.-Impact the Great Depression had on people and our country 

• Hoovervilles 
  • shacks built for people to live in because they couldn't afford homes 
  • banks took over because everyone was poor 
• Unemployment rate was 25% (it skyrocketed)
• African American unemployment rate was 50%
• Soup kitchens- Free food for the unemployed 
• Hobos hopping freight trains riding from town to town looking for jobs 
• People tried to make money by selling apples on the street corner
• Okies
  • left the dust bowl states
  • went to California to find different jobs
• People gave up their farms and moved West
• Hoover Struggles with Great Depression  

3.-President Hoover’s attempt(or lack thereof) to help solve Great Depression 

• Hoover struggled with the Great Depression
  • Struggles: (republican philosophy)
    • Laissez-Faire- let businesses do what they please
    • Rugged Individualism- you were on your own money
    • Trickle down theory- gave taxes benefiting the rich 
    • High Tariff Policy
    • He was viewed as uncaring and thought as someone who did little to help with the Great Depression
    • He actually was caring 
• 1928 President Election
  • Herbert Hoover (R)- Won 
  • Al Smith (D)
• 1928 Campaign Promise
  • "A chicken in every pot and a car in every garage" 
• Hoover's fight against the Great Depression
  • Encouraged people to be patient, stay positive and volunteer to help each other 
  • Federal Farm Board
    • Stabilize prices and to promote the sale of agricultural products
  • Norris- La Guardia Act
    • Strengthened labor unions 
  • Hoover Moratorium
    • One year halt on German war payments to France
    • One year halt on war payments from Great Britain and France to the U.S.
  • Mexican Repatriation
    • Mexican immigrants were encouraged.forced to go back to Mexico
  • Revenue Act of 1932
    • Increased taxes so U.S. government had $$
  • Hawley-Smoot Tariff
    • Raised tariffs to record levels 
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)- 1932
  • Gave loans to banks, state and local governments, and businesses to create projects/jobs for people
  • Gave states loans for emergency relief needs 
  • Started under Hoover
  • Not as successful as Hoover had hoped
  • Dissolved in 1946 after WWI 
• Boulder (Hoover) Dam
  • Boulder Dam (now Hoover Dam) is located near Las Vegas
  • The Hoover Dam project included the dam, the All-American Canal, the town of Boulder City, highways, railroads and various other works, cost $165 million to build
  • Making things created jobs for people and then they could earn money 
  • A lot of dams were built to create jobs and energy that the government could sell
  • A project that pays for itself 

4.-1932/1936 Presidential elections

5.-Bonus Army

6.-Entertainment, sports, music, radio, movies and fads

7.-Franklin Roosevelt’s background and accomplishments-Focus on New Deal

8.-The Three R’s

9.-The difference between the First New Deal and Second New Deal

10.-Fireside chats

11.-The Hundred Days

12.-Deficit spending and “priming the pump”

13.-FDR vs the US Supreme Court-Court Packing issue

14.-Critics and failings of the New Deal-Long, Caughlin, Townshend