January 11 (Monday)- Worked on our projects and told Mr. Bruns about our topics.
January 12 (Tuesday)- Today, we worked on our projects and Mr. Bruns suggested anything we didn't have in our presentation already.
January 13 (Wednesday)- Today Mr. Bruns helped us set up how to do notes and we started watching presentations.
January 14 (Thursday)- We went over a presentation of woman's rights.
January 15 (Friday)- Went over a presentation on 1920's entertainment.
1920's & 30's Project Notes
1920’s Topics:
1.-Prohibition and gangsters
1926- Was the main year. Gangsters in every town. Supporting and enforcing the law of banning alcohol. 1933 the 21 amendment was passed which re-legalized alcohol. If you already had alcohol in your wine cellar or something you could still drink if you weren't transporting it or going and drinking it in public. You had to drink it in your own home. People thought getting rid of alcohol would stop wife and child abuse, corruption, crime, accident, and make our country better. It actually made things worse because people started breaking the law a lot more. During prohibition, alcohol was allowed for medical and religious purposes.
Prohibition Failed:
- Because people despised it and saw it as government getting into people's lives
- The Prohibition Bureau was underfunded and had 1,500 people to supervise the country
- Organized crime became commonplace
Bootlegging
- Illegally making and distributing alcohol
- Al Capone was a boot legger
- People that made or transport alcohol
- Called bootlegging because people carried liquor in the legs of boots
- Most imported alcohol came in from Canada, Cuba, or the West Indies
Speakeasies- To obtain alcohol illegally people went underground to secret bars call speakeasies (people spoke easily or quietly about it). They could be anywhere. To be admitted a card or password had to be given. Organized Crime- Came as a result of Prohibition Gang violence only 19% of Americans supported Prohibition in 1925, prohibition was repeated in 1933.
Moonshine
- Alcohol made secretly in home made stills
- Several hundred people a year died from drinking moonshine during the 1920's
- In 1929 it is estimated that 700 million gallons of beer were produced in American homes
2.-Women’s rights and freedoms
Developed throughout 1800's.
If your a good woman you're thought to have 4 characteristics.
- 1. Piety (Religious)
- 2. Purity (Stay with your husband, don't spoke, don't drink, no more than one partner)
- 3. Domesticity (Stay at home with the kids take care of the home)
- 4. Submissiveness (Guys take control are the boss and basically are property of your husband which is why when you get married you become "Mr. and Mrs. *Your husband's name*")
World War 1 had a good effect on this. World War One interrupted the campaign for woman suffrage. Women took the men's jobs in World War One showing the country what they could do. 1920 the 19th Amendment became part of the United States Constitution.The Roaring 20's was a good decade for the women.
Margaret Sanger-
- In 1921 she founded the American Birth Control League which is now known as Planned Parenthood
- Women were then able to control their own bodies
- This movement educated women about existing birth control methods.
Education- By 1928, women were earning 39% of the college degrees given in the United States. Today the percent of women that go to college is almost 60%.
1928 Olympics-
- Were the first Olympics that women were allowed to compete in
- There were many arguments about these actions
- Some argued that it was historically inappropriate
- Ancient Greek Olympics didn't allow women to compete in them
"Pink Collared" Jobs-
- Gave women a taste of the work world
- Low paying service occupations
- Made less money than men did doing the same jobs
- Examples: Secretaries, teachers, telephone operators, and nurses
The Flapper Girls-
- Short hair
- Short dresses
- Shapeless dresses
- Eliminated corsets
- Smoked
- Drank in public
- Earned their own money
Snuggle Pupping-
- Was common in high schools and colleges.
- "Girls like to be called snuggle-puppies. They grant the boys liberties and encourage them to to take them and if they don't they make fun of them."
- Eventually spread to cars (started going out out to on dates with the car being invented"
Clara Bow-
- Became THE flapper of the 1920's
- She appeared in 58 films between 1922 an 1933
- Seen as the leading sex symbol of the 1920's
The Flapper Girls-
- Not all women in the 1920's were flappers
- Most were traditional-stay at home, do the housework, etc...
- Flappers mostly were Northern, urban, single, young, middle-class.
3.-Politics-elections, Normalcy and isolationism, President’s backgrounds and accomplishments, scandals, Republican philosophy
Republican Philosophy- 1920's
- Trickle down theory
- Laissez-faire
- Rugged individualism (You push yourself)
- Normalcy
Seen as favoring the rich. Did not want the welfare system. "Made people lazy" according to Hoover. If we help the rich it will create more jobs for the middle and lower class. Didn't have any Republican president for about 20 years. "Work hard you will succeed."
4.-Entertainment, sports, music, radio, movies and fads
Albert Fall- Teapot Dome Scandal- Sold land (with a lot of oil) sold land to rich people and then they bribed him with a lot of money which was illegal to do. President Warren Harding got sick and died and Vice President Calvin Coolidge took over.
Entertainment: Famous Actors/Actress/People- Greta Garbo, Clara Bow (THE Flapper Girl "It" Girl), Charlie Chaplin, Al Jolson (Jazz Singer), The Marx Brothers Rudolph Valentino, Harry Houdini (escape artist/magicians), Babe Ruth (famous baseball play of 20's), Jack Dempsey, Gene Tunney, Bill Tilden, Red Grange (famous football player), F. Scott Fitzgerald (famous writer),
5.-Economy-Booming economy and stock market, buying on credit, high tariffs
Buying on credit-
- "Buy now, pay later."
- Stocks market was booming
High Tariff Policy-
- What is a tariff? Tax that imports.
- Why did progressives want to lower tariffs if the early 1900's?
- Why did the Republicans raise tariffs in the 1920's?
- It will force people to buy American goods
- It's good for American business
The Era of "Permanent Prosperity":
- "As long as everyone has faith, everything will be fine."
- People didn't spend money because they were scared
- Bad for business
- "The only thing you have to fear is fear itself."
6.-Red Scare-anti-immigration, Sacco and Vanzetti case
1919-1920:
- Karl Marx
- Vladimir Lenin wanted to dissolve the government
- Stalin take communism I'm going to kill anyone I can't trust
The Palmer Raids. Sacco and Vanzetti- Would round up people who were Communism and deported them so they didn't try to overtake the country. Red is associated with Communism. Ku Klux Klan (KKK).
Immigration in the 1920's-
- The Immigration Act of 1924 (National Origins Act/Asian Exclusion Act) greatly reduced immigration to US
- The law was aimed at restricting immigration of Southern Europeans, Eastern Europeans, and Jews
- Severely restricted the immigration of Africans and prohibited the immigration of Arabs, East Asians, and Indians
- The purpose of the act was "to preserve the ideal of American homogeneity."
7.-Harlem Renaissance-KKK
Renaissance means rebirth. Rebirth of African American culture. You should be proud to be black not fear it. Marcus Garvey, William Johnston, Louis Armstrong, The Cotton Club (Club for White people to watch Black entertainer), Bessie Smith.
8.-Lots of strikes-Boston Police, US Steel, United Mine Workers
They'd be labeled communists. If you were put on the list you couldn't get a job. What are strikers for? Better conditions. Lots of strikes but not a lot of successes, Why's it a good idea to be in a labor union? More people in a labor union the more power you have. Not until World War 2 were there a lot victories.
9.-The Model T and the impact of the automobile
Model T started out at around $900. Led to the invention of public garages, stoplights, and driveways. Everything in the world today life revolve around the automobile. People started going on dates more and on vacation.
10.-Electricity in the homes and new appliances
Lot of factories closed at night because they didn't have light to see. Great Inventions: Smart phone, computer, internet, outlets, radios, You weren't considered until you had a dishwasher, oven, refrigerator, toaster, porch light, hairdryer, curling iron, etc.
11.-Charles Lindbergh, Amelia Earhart and the airplane
What was the airplane for?
- Barnstorming
- Stunting
- Entertainment
- Carried small amounts of people
"Lucky Lindy"-
- Got the nickname because he survived a few crashes
- Was a barnstormer
- Flew over the Atlantic Ocean
Amelia Earhart-
- First woman to fly over the Atlantic Ocean
- First person to fly over Pacific Ocean
- Wanted to help other pilots
- Wanted to be the first person to fly around the world but she died
12.-Scopes-Monkey Trial
- In 1925, Tennessee passed the first law making it illegal to teach evolution in school
- The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) said it would defend any teacher willing to break the law
- John Scopes, biology teacher from Dayton, accepted.
- Scopes taught evolution and was arrested.
- Clarence Darrow was hired by the ACLU to defend Scopes.
- William Jennings Bryan was the special prosecutor.
- Scopes did not deny teaching evolution.
- Trial was really about evolution in schools.
13.-Stock Market Crash-causes
Causes:
- Grossly inflated
- Did not have real value watered prices
- Over speculation during 1920's
- Led to watered stock
"Buying on margin"-
- Led to people being in debt & watered stock money
- Overproduction of goods
- Uneven distribution of wealth
- To much bank borrowing
- Federal reserve increased interest rates
- Lack of government regulation.
Comments