January 11-15

[6Ellen]

Monday - Working on group projects + quiz over 1920s.

Tuesday - Work day on 1920s project.

Wednesday - Gone for State Student Council.

Thursday - Reviewing over women's suffrage, prohibition (bans the sales, making, or transport of alcohol), and other things about the 1920s.

• Prohibition (bans the sales, making, or transport of alcohol)
  • The Noble Experiment (18th amendment, 1920-1933)
    • Alcohol was allowed for medicinal and religious purposes
    • Prescriptions and sacramental alcohol sales skyrocketed
    • At first saloons closed and drunkeness went down
    • The Volstead Act created the Prohibition Bureau to enforce the law
  • Police were paid off 
  • Prohibition counsel was under staffed and couldn't take care of anything
  • Women pushed for it because they were abused when the men came home drunk
  • They got rid of it because it was happening massively illegally, led to bringing crime back down (opposite of what it was meant to do), and they wanted to make movey on the taxes again
  • Supporters came from Christians (mostly Protestants), rural south, and west
  • Anti-Soloon League and Women's Christian temperence Union led attack on alcohol
  • WHY IT FAILED:
    • People despised it. Saw it as government meddling in people's lives.
    • the Prohibition Bureau was underfunded. Had 1,500 people to supervise the country.
    • Organized crime became commonplace.
    • Led it major organized crime in every city.
  • Bootlegging in the 1920s
    • Illegally making or distributing alcohol
    • Would make alcohol in their bathtubs
    • Called bootleggers because they'd carry it in the legs of boots
    • Most imported alcohol came in from Canada, Cuba, or the West Indies
  • Biggest Threat to the Bootlegger
    • Not the Prohibition Bureau or the Police ... But REBEL GANGS- Hijacking
  • A lot of people died from Moonshine
    • Made secretly in stills
    • Several hundred people died from drinking moonshine during the 1920s
    • In 1929 it is estimated that 700 million gallons of beeer were produced in American homes
  • Speakeasies
    • to obtain alcohol illegally, people went underground to secret bars called speakeasies (people spoke easily or quietly about it)
    • They could be anywhere and moved around a lot
    • To be admitted a card or passwork had to be given
  • Organized Crime
    • Came about as a result of prohibition
    • Every major city had it's gang
    • Al Capone's bootlegging business in Chicago made over $60 million a year
    • Due to gang violence, only 19% of Americans supported Prohibition by 1925
    • Probibition was repealed in 1933 by the 21st Amendment
  • St. Valentine's Day Massacre
    • Had his cronies dressed up as police officers (Capone's guy) and had them all shoot another gang
      • Allowed him to take over another part of Chicago
  • Tommy Guns - a small machine gun
  • Al Capone taken down over Tax Evasion
• Women's History
  • Got the right to vote (August 20, 1920) -19th Amendment
  • Cult of Domesticity
    • Developed throughout the 1800s
    • The ideal of womenhood had 4 characteristics:
      • Piety - the woman is the religious figure of the family
      • Purity - virgin until marriage
      • Domesticity - stay home, clean, cook
      • Submissiveness - the husband is the leader of the family, what the husband says goes
  • WW1 (1917-1918
    • WW11 interrupted the campaign for women suffrage
    • Women took the men's jobs in WW1 showing the country that they could do it
  • Roaring 1920s
    • Flapper girls
    • Going to college more
    • Working more outside the home
    • Independence
  • Margaret Sanger
    • In 1921, she founded the American Birth Control League (ABCL)
      • Today known as Planned Parenthood
    • Women were then able to control their own bodies
    • This movement educated women about existing birth control methods
  • Education
    • By 1928, women were earning 39% of the college degress given in the US
    • In 1900, it was 19%
    • Almost 60% today
  • 1928 Olympics
    • These were the first Olympics that women were allowed to compete in
    • Arguments:
      • Argues that women weren't in Ancient Greek Olympics so they shouldn't be now
      • Physical competition was "injurious" to women
  • "Pink Collared" Jobs
    • • Secretaries
      • Waitresses
      • Teachers
      • Telephone Operators
      • Nurses
    • Gave women a taste of the work world
    • Low paying service occupations
    • Made less money that men did doing the same jobs
  • The Flapper
    • Short hair
    • Short dresses
    • Shapeless dresses-eliminated corsets
    • Smoked, drank in public, and earned their own money
  • Mrs. Augustus Trowbridge
    • Loose moral gatherings were symtomatic of a decadant society -- The Flapper girls went to "petting parties"
      • Girls like to be called snuggle-puppies," one school administrator told a news reporter. "They grant the boys liberties. Encourage them to take them and it the young chaps do not, they are called 'sissies' or a 'flat tire.'"
      • Died out by the end of the 1930s when cars were more popular
  • Clara Bow
    • Became THE Flapper
    • She appeared in 58 films between 1922-1933
    • Seen as the leading sex symbol of the 1920s
  • Not all women in the 1920s were flappers
    • most were traditional-stay at home, do the housework, etc.
    • Flappers mostly were Northern, urban, single, young, middle-class

Friday - 

• Harlem Renaissance - The changing of how African Americans acted (a rebirth of African American culture)
  • Art, Music (Jazz), way of life
  • The KKK came back into play because of the change
• Politics -
  • Harding
    • known for having numerous women into the White House
    • had alcohol in the White House - Prohibition had just started
  • 1920-1921 Coolridge (Harding had died)
    • "do nothing" philosophy - the government is not there to do everything
  • Hoover
    • @ blame for the Depression/But it really wasn't him he was just blamed for it