Monday-Presentations continued.
Tuesday-Continuing presentation from yesterday.
Wednesday- Short class period, Continuing with presentations
Thursday-another short class period. continuing presentations
Friday-Continuing with presentations. One more presantation left for the 20's.
1.-Prohibition and gangsters
- Prohibition: 18th amendment
- banned alcohol
- selling, transporting manufacturing of alcohol
- People wouldn't follow the law, because they didn't think it was necessary.
- Lead to a black market for alcohol
- Crime rate increased 24%
- Theft- 9%
- homicide- 12.7%
- assault and battery- 13%
- Drug addiction- 44.6%
- Police cost-11.4%
- Why? National mood, practical, religious, moral
- Gangster: member of criminal gang
- Famous gangster Al Capone (Chicago)
- Al Capone: born in 1899, parents from Italy, one of 7 children, beat up a teacher, then the principal beat him up, worked many odd jobs, worked in a bar, beat up people who could not pay back loans.
- Nickname 'scar face', married Mae Coughlin, had a son nicknamed 'sonny', married Mae in 1918, joined five point gang in Chicago, quickly moved up the ranks in the gang.
- In charge of bootlegging, valentines day massacre in 1929, happened in a garage in Chicago,
- He pained off many officials to follow his operation
- US treasury found him by not filing income tax, served 10 years, suffered from syphilis, released in 1939, spent the rest of his life in palm island, Florida, died on January 25th, 1947.
2.-Women’s rights and freedoms
- Role of women- traditional, 'New Woman', and the older gen.
- New women- Flappers, embraced fashions and new ideas
- Traditionalists-feared that the new morality era was threatening family values
- Black american women's lives were also changed in the 1920's due to the influence of the Harlem Renaissance, and changed rural life and urban live in the cities
- Facts: 19th amendment gave women the right to vote. New woman learned to drive, go to college, went to work
- Flappers: cut their hair, drank, smoked, listened to jazz, became sexually liberated, scandalized the older generation (NOT PROSTITUTES!!)
- Role of women in 1920's: some remained housewives, the working women increased by 25%, due to WW1.
- Women's work: factory worker, secretary, salesclerks, and telephone operators.
- # of women going to college increased by 10% at the end of the 20's
- Women's rights: right to vote- women's rights movement
- Women wanted to reform property laws, equal guardianship of children, new divorce laws, improved working conditions, higher wages, and access to higher education (college)
- Famous women: Margaret Sanger (American birth control League aka Planned Parenthood)Alice Paul- secured equal rights for all women
3.-Politics-elections, Normalcy and isolationism, President’s backgrounds and accomplishments, scandals, Republican philosophy
- Politics: Warren G. Harding. 29th president, senator of Ohio,"return to normalcy",Energetic strategy, "america first"Child welfare,Unemployment,Bill with African Americans
- James M cox
- Governor
- Newspaper publisher
- Domestic issues
- Fights for lower income tax, women's rights
- Teapot dome scandal: Oil, Rock formation, Wyoming, Bribery
- Calvin Coolidge
- 30th president
- Lawyer
- Vermont
- Gov. of Massachusetts
- Modernized
- corruption
- taxes Indian citizen act
- John W. Davis: American politician , Was a U.S rep, Ambassador of great Britian, Siezed national steel mills
- Herbert C. Hoover
- 31st president
- Failed to recognize how bad the economy was
- Mining engineer
- from Iowa
- Lead economic recovery
- Advocated stronger labor laws
- Alfred E. Smith
- Speaker
- Urban
- Leader of PM
- Prohibition (anti- prohibition)
- Normalcy and isolationism: other countries, Agreements/ Diplomacy's, Peace and order
- Trickle down theory: Gains tax breakers, other financial business, Helps economy grow
- Rugged individualism: all individualism should pull their own weight
- Laissez-faire: Idea/concept for letting things take their own course
4.-Entertainment, sports, music, radio, movies and fads
- Slang terms :Bee's knees, Banana oil
- Fads:Flagpole sitting, record 13 hours 13 mins, Radio, Hats, PEZ candy, Majong, Dance marathons,
- NFL:September 17th, 1920 1st meeting. Jim Thorpe founder of NFL. By 1922, it was known as the NFL, but it was known as APFA
- Basketball wasn't really that big.
- Entertainment: Jazz music, Charleston dance, etc
5.-Economy-Booming economy and stock market, buying on credit, high tariffs
- Age of invention-model T, washing machines,
- Mass productions
- Tremendous prosperity
- mass-consumption depression for farmers (before great depression
- stock markets:Financial investments, Building wealth, Raise money for expansion (go public) Fraction of total ownership, open bidding, Company supply and demand.
- Buying on credit:New and later, Certain people could pay
- Tariff: tax on imported goods, more options, protected businesses when trading
- Strikes: Boston Police, US steel strike, United mine workers
- Boston Police: wanted to form unions, Harvard and faculty volunteers, Militia, Calvin Coolidge, To gain higher wages to adjust for wartime inflation for more than 1,100 officers, Riots, No recovery
- US Steel Strike: More than 350,00 mine workers, Wartime production needs, Inflation, Midwest from September 1919 to January 1920, American federation of Labor, National Guard sent to keep order, occurred in Ohio, Political advancement for Theodore Roosevelt
- United mine workers Strike: Profits were low, Bituminous and anthracite, Theodore Roosevelt got more reputation. More pay, shorter hours, happened on May 12, 1902.
6.-Red Scare-anti-immigration, Sacco and Vanzetti case
- Red scare: Americans fear of communists, socialists, and immigrants were going to take over america's government. Fears started to rise when people found out about spies selling US governments secrets to to the soviets
- Causes: The Bolshevik Revolution was taking place (immigrants from Russia's were going to to come to America)
- Attorney gen. Palmer took the law into his own hands and started raiding homes, clubs, union halls, and coffee shops
- Resulting in 5,000 people held in jail, not allowed to call anyone, and treated terribly
- Most of the people deported did nothing wrong
- America didn't want any immigrants in the U.S so they created anti-immigration acts
- Anti immigration act of 1917- people from eastern Asia and Europe were forbidden to come to the U.S
- Immigration act of 1921- Limited the # of immigrants that came to the U.S
- Immigration act of 1924- Made each person that came into the U.S pay for a visa, which was 9-10$
- These acts made less and less people come to America
- Sacco and Vanzetti case: Two men that were immigrants that robbed Slater and Morrill shoe factory and killed Frederick Parmmeter (payroll clerk) and Alessandro Beredelli (security guard)
- Even though there was no evidence that they did it, the reason why this was a very big deal was because they were Italian immigrants that were anarchists (didn't believe in government) and radicals (someone that has extreme views)
8.-Lots of strikes-Boston Police, US Steel, United Mine Workers
9.-The Model T and the impact of the automobile
- Model T
- 1908-1927
- Cheap ($250)=($3,128 today)
- 40%
- 45 mph
- 15,000,000
- Tin Lizzie (nickname for model T)
- 20 hp
- 10 gallon fuel tank
- hand crank start
- 1200 lbs
- 1/2 the weight of today's cars
- General motors (GM)
- 680$ (8,656$)
- "GM should offer not cheaper cars but better quality"~Alfred Sloane
- Aesthetics
- Rounded body lines
- Chrysler
- 995$
- 70 mph
- hydraulic brakes
- replaceable oil filter
- rubber engine mount
- contoured glass
- Electric start
10.-Electricity in the homes and new appliances
- First discovery of electricity: 600 b.c
- Thomas Edison: first electrical light bulb (long lasting and reliable) (1879)
- Ben Franklin: proved lightning=electricity by flying a kite in a thunderstorm
- Inventions: Vacuum cleaners, refrigerators, and washing machines
- Electricity: 1924-2/3 of american houses
- 1/2 refrigerators sold were electric
- Facts:1880's small electric, in cities-not a lot of power, 1920- 35%had electricity, 1930- american homes had electricity
- Prices: washing machine=81.50- 250=2,000 dollars today
- Vacuum:$28.95-$50=$900 dollars today
- Today: toasters, advanced refrigerators microwaves, advanced washing machines, ovens
11.-Charles Lindbergh, Amelia Earhart and the airplane
- The airplane: the first airplane flight was in 1903 by the wright brothers
- In the 1920's after the war planes were very popular and were used as transportation, shipping, and entertainment
- Used in WW1 for the first time in battle
- Airplanes and entertainment: in the 1920's airplanes were famous for shows, a lot of people watched shows where people stood on the wings during flight, Entertainment was one of the more popular uses for the plane
- Amelia Earhart
- Born July 24th 1897
- Amelia was the first female pilot to fly solo across the Atlantic ocean
- She tried to fly across the pacific ocean in 1937 but mysteriously disappeared
- she was the 16th woman issued a pilot's license
- Legally declared dead in 1939
- Charles Lindbergh
- Feb 4th 1902 (born)
- first pilot to fly from NY to Paris and it took 33.5 hours (across the Atlantic ocean non-stop)
- pilot in the army and was the best in his class then flew main from st Louis to Chicago
12.-Scopes-Monkey Trial
- What it was: it was a trial of creationism vs evolution
- creationism: the belief that the universe and living organisms originate from specific parts of a divine creation (the bible)
- Evolution: the process by which different kinds of of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from earlier forms
- John Thomas scopes: high school teacher/ football coach
- Broke the Tennessee butler act
- Butler act: prohibited school teachers from denying biblical account of the origin of man
- American civil liberties union:Placed an ad invited a teacher to help test the law in courts
- How John Thomas was hired: a group of who thought Dayton Tennessee was in a financial slump
- They called john to town at a gathering place at Robinson's Drugstore
- He later agreed to teach evolution because he also believed in it
- The trial: Clarence Darrow defended john in trial
- faced off against William Jennings Bryan
- The judge was John Raulston
- what happened Raulston destroyed defense strategy
- He ruled that scientific testimony on evolution was inadmissible on the ground that it was scopes who was on trial, not the law he violated
- Darrow came up with a plan
- The plan: on the 7th day Darrow called Bryan to the stand
- Darrow called him to the stand as an expert witness on the Bible
- Darrow asked Bryan about his beliefs on the bible
- Bryan was humiliated because he was considered mindless
- He made up answers for the amusement of the crowd
- Result:Scopes convicted guilty
- Had to pay 100 dollar fine
- creationism won over evolition
13.-Stock Market Crash-causes
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