The Indian Reorganzation Act (IRA) secured the rights of Native Americans, this included Alaskan natives. It included a reversal of he Dawes Acts privatization of common holdings of Native Americans, and it allowed them to return to a self-government on a tribal basis. It also allowed Native Americans to have control of their assets, like land, again. It also helped create a sound economic foundation for the inhabitants of the Native American reservations. This act was passed on June 18, 1934. The IRA didn't require Native Americans to adopt a constitutio, but if they did they had to follow these restrictions:
-allow the tribal council to employ legal counsel;
-prohibit the tribal council from engaging any land transitions without majority approval of the tribe; and,
-authorize the tribal council to negotiate with the Federal, State, and local governments.
The act was successful in conserving tribal land base, but it wasn't successful when it came to the Native Americans self-governing their tribes.
About 160 tribes adopted constitutions under these provisions.
Some of those restrictions were eliminated in 2003 with the Native American Technical Corrections Act.
The IRA was also called the Wheeler-Howard Act. A basic definition of it is: The Indian Reorganization Act was aimed at increasing Native American self government, and decreasing federal control of the Native Americans.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/285946/Indian-Reorganization-Act
The Federal Housing Administration was created in 1934 as a part of the National Housing Act of 1934. It insured loans made by private companies and banks to help build and buy homes. The goals of the FHA are to improve housing standards and conditions, to stablilize the mortgage market, and to provide a good financing system by insuring mortgage loans. Because of this, the number of people that could afford a down-payment on a home increased. This increased the home market for single-family homes. The FHA is still around today, but it's joined with HUD (Housing and Urban Developments/Housing Under Development). It joined together with HUD in 1965. Since it was created in 1934 it has insured over 34 million home mortgages. The FHA successfully increased the housing market.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federal_Housing_Administration
When the FHA was created the housing industry was at an all time low because of the depression. Two million construction workers had lost their jobs, mortgage terms were hard to meet, primarily America only had people renting houses because they couldn't afford to buy them. Only 4 in 10 families owned homes. In the 1940's the FHA helped finance homes for military families, and veterans. Throughout the 1950's, '60s, and '70s the FHA helped build apartments for the handicapped, lower income, and elderly Americans. Over the years the FHA has helped steady the housing market. In the 60 years since the FHA was created housing for Americans has changed a lot, when it started Americans weren't housed very well, and now Americans are arguably the best housed people in the world.
http://www.hud.gov/offices/hsg/fhahistory.cfm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Reorganization_Act
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