Idian Empire Notes

[5th Emily P.]

Indian Empire (presentation) • Mathematics o Great Indian mathematical named ARYABHATA create Pi to 4 places calculated a solar year 365.3586805 days which is close to the atomic clock o Mathematical was one of the most advanced math systems in the world • Astronomy o Gupta made great advancements but had lack of modern devices such as telescopes o First to discover seven planets in our solar system • Medicine o Indian developed the technique of inoculation o Inoculation-injecting a person with a small dose of virus to help him/her to build defense to a disease • Literature o Writing was developed in Madurai in 100 AD still over 2000 poems from there today o Classical Indian dances based are based on dance techniques from the time o Works of literature were written in Sanskrit (Aryan language) o KALIDASA-writer and poet of the Gupta empire • Performing Arts o Indian arts of this time was religious o Work is still admired today o Vedas was recited and performed for concerts • ARYABHATA o First in mathematics- astronomy o His most famous work was Aryabhatiya o He was born in Bihar, India o Author of Mathematics and Astronomy during his time o Created Algebra Military Conquests • Maurya o Chandragupta Maurya may have been born in the powerful kingdom of Magadha o Chandragupta gathered an army, killed the unpopular nada king, and in about 321 BC, claimed the throne. • Expansion o After he took over the Nanda Dynasty he started rapidly moving west ward across central and western India o After Alexander died Chandragupta starting taking the land that Alexander had conquered from the satraps left by Alexander o By 316 BC the empire had bully occupied North western India o At its greatest point it had stretched to the north along the natural boundaries of the Himalayas, and into the East which is now Assam o To the west it stretched to modern day Pakistan o It was also in parts of present day Afghanistan • Conclusion o Mauryan empire was the biggest to rule the Indian subcontinent o Until the British arrived o It ended in 185 BC with the foundation of the Sunga Dynasty Hinduism • BOLDED TERMS o Brahma-created the world and all of its creatures o Vishnu-is the preserver of the universe o Shiva-tries to destroy the world in order to re-create it o Three gods of the Hindu triumvirate • Facts o Some animals are thought to be holy  Cows-milk and other products are used for worship  Peacocks-Kartika the son of Shiva rides one  Mouse- Ganish the other son of Shiva keeps one as a pet • Hinduism o Has no founder but based off multiple traditions o It is one of the oldest living religions in the world o Hinduism has about 1 billion followers o One cool aspect of Hindus is they believe in Karma o They also believe in reincarnation o They worship in a temple • Hindus o Aims of life  Righteousness  Wealth  Desire  Salvation o Goal  Salvation is the ultimate goal of Hindu’s life o Stages of life  According to Hinduism, four stages of life are: • student phase • living life with a wife and children • Leaving the home and pray to god may keep contact with family o Hinduism  They go along with the law of conservation of energy  Energy can never be created or destroyed  Only one form can be changed into another  Basically what we call death isn’t the soul is simply transforming  Birth through adulthood then when one finally reaches salvation is the chain broke  This is when one becomes fully one with the supreme spirit Brahman Hindus: • Aims of life o Righteousness o Wealth o Desire o Salvation • Goal o Salvation is the ultimate goal of a Hindu’s life • Stages of life o Student phase o Living with wife and children o Leaving the home and pray to God may keep contact with family o Discard everything in life including wife, children, and material things • Contribution o Yoga o Pranayama o Mediation o Ayurveda o Vegetarianism o (Best gifts)