Ch. 5.1:
-Describe Native American culture.
-Why did settlers/people move to the Great Plains?
-How did the US gov't deal with Native Americans in the mid to late 1800's? What were their policies?
-Describe a cowboy's life.
Ch. 5.2:
-How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains?
-What challenges did settlers face on the Great Plains?
-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?
Ch. 5.3:
-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?
Prices of the crops were falling
Banks were foreclosing on them
Good farming land was becoming scarce
problems with the railroads
-Who were the Populists and what did they believe in?
made up of farmers
give people more say in the gov't
Ch. 6.1 Becka R.:
-What caused the Industrial revolution to really take off in the late 1800's?
A wealth of natural resources
Gov't had more support for businesses
A growing urban population
Cheap labor and markets for new products
availibility of cheaper steel
-What were some new inventions in the late 1800's and what affect did they have on people's lives?
The Bessemer Process-made steel cheaper so people could build more
the light bulb-made light so people could see at night if they were reading a book
typewriter-made it so people could write on paper quicker than if you were writing with a pen, he put the letters qwerty together because they were used a lot, helped women get more jobs, helped with schools to make things more readable
the telephone-alexander graham bell invented it, another guy also tried to patent it, both raced to patent it at the same time,
electricity-became world wide making life easier
Fridge-made it possible to store foods at a cool temperature, this made food last longer and food poisoning caused of rotting food occurs less
Ch. 6.2 Zach A.:
-What impact did railroads have on the US?
it made so that we could move west much easier and that it would be for the settlers
it brought hope and faith to americans
veterans made the tracks for the trains and native americans attacking them
trade things a lot quicker
-Why were many people upset with the railroads?
misuse of gov't land
railroads sold tho other businesses rather than to setlers as the gov't intended
-What did the Grangers or government do to regulate the railroads?
they took political action the took state and local political candidates
the established maximum freight and passenger rates and prohibit discrimination
grangers were farmers that came back to fight against the railroads
Ch. 6.3 Joe A.:
technical difficulties for a few minutes
-Tell me about Andrew Carnegie.
Born to a poor family in Scotland in 1835
Moved to the US in 1848
Got his first job when he was 13 and earned $1.20 per week
His boss gave carnegie a chance to buy stock
-Tell me about John D. Rockefeller.
Born July 8th, 1989
second of six children
started first business when he was 19
Established standard oil company in ohio
Paid employees extremely low wages
Sold oil for much less money than it cost to make
when there were no competitors left he jacked the prices up
used trust agreements to merge with other companies
-What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business?
Theory based on charles darwins theory of evolution, natural selection, that says the individueals who have wealth and power possess biological superiority in the struggle for existence. survival of the fittest, the strong survive and the weak die off
-Explain how companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration, trusts).
Vertical Integration- process of buying out the companies supplies such as coal fields, iron mines, rail roads
Horizontal Integration-buying out other companies that produce the same product in order to eliminate the competition (page 242)
Trusts- are a type of company merger, companies joining together
stocks are turned over to a group of trustees who run each company as a large corporation
The companies were entitled to dividends on profits amde by the trusts
-How did the government try to regulate business?
protect the small business and competition between companies
The Sherman anti trust act the first measure to prohibit trusts
made it illegal for companies to form a trust that interfered with interstate or foreign trade
-What are labor unions and what is their purpose?
workers were paid very little a week and worked many hours
the jobs were dangerous, in 1882 and average of 672 workers were killed in work related accidents each week
Large scale labor unions first formed in 1886
Labor unions are groups of skilled and unskilled workers that work together to make their working conditions
Were labor unions successful in achieving their goals? Explain/Give examples.
Yes and No. No earlier on, but as time went on they made bigger gains, eventually achieve the 8 hour workday, get children out of the workplace, better wages
Ch. 7.1 Cesar:
Why did immigrants come to the US?
They came to escape religous persecution, gold rush, escape political turmoil
Where did immigrants come from?
Europe, Russia, Chinese, Japanese, Jamaica, Cuba, Puerto Rico, and other islands
What problems/issues did immigrants face on the trip over and once they got here?
didnt get fresh air most of the time, share toilets, travelled in steerage (cheapest way to travel)
Why did some people want to put restriction on immigration? What were those restrictions?
Nativists thoust that immigrants from the right country such as germans, english, scandinavians, were ok.
Thought problems were caused by Latins and Asians.
A nativist group in 1887 launched attacks against catholics
Many colleges, businesses social clubs refused Jews
Ch. 7.2 Amy:
Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
Mass Transit-desined to move large numbers of people
Electric Subway-1897
Street Cars-1873
What problems did cities fact due to the rapid increase in population?
housing in tenements, if you lived in one you would probably live with 4-5 other families in it when there would only be room for one family so people would get sick
What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?
jane addams and the settlement house, garbage collection start, fireman got started, tried to buetify the cities by building parks
Ch. 7.3 Marea:
What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?
organized group that controls all activities of a political party in a city, offered services to voters and businesses in exchange for political or financial support, the political machines took over local gov'ts after the war, organized like a pyramid, ward bosses and city bosses worked together to get the candidate they wanted into office
Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.
Born in 1823
1851 began to build a power base in tammany and then was elected in the democratic party
1876 elected for governor of new york and nearly won presidency in electoral college to Hayes
died in jail in 1878
the tweed ring scandal defruaded the city , openly bought votes, encouraged judicial corruption and controlled new york politics
What caused all this corruption in government?
dishonest people like Tweed, the spoils system
What laws came about to reform government?
Pendleton civil service act
Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform president or a status quo president?
Stallwarts-status quo V.S. Half Breed-reformers
Half breed-Hayes, Garfield, Arthur (changed to a half breed after he figured out that someone shot Garfield so he could become president)
Stalwarts-Chester Arthur
Ch. 8.1:
-What advances in science and technology help solve urban problems?
Ch. 8.2:
-How did education change in the late 1800's and early 1900's?
Ch. 8.3:
-What laws and restrictions were put on African-Americans and other minorities after Reconstruction ended?
-Explain the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson.
Ch. 8.4:
-Explain what people did for entertainment in the late 1800's and early 1900's.
Ch. 9.1
-Define the Progressive Era and why it started(goals).
-What is prohibition? Why did people want prohibition to come about? What tactics were used to bring about prohibition?
-Describe the impact aid organizations had on our country.
-What did the 18th Amendment do and why did people want it?
-What is socialism? How was it started in the United States?
-What/who were muckrakers and what impact did they have on our country?
-What did local government do to reform itself during the Progressive Era?
-What did businesses do to bring better efficiency to their business?
-What did the progressives do to make the workplace safer?
-What did the progressives do to help end or reduce child labor?
-What did progressives do to help workers reduce the number of hours they had to work?
-What did progressives do to bring about better wages for workers?
-What did progressives do to make our country more democratic?
-What did the 17th Amendment do?
Ch. 9.2
-Describe the major social changes that affected women during the Progressive Era.
-Describe women's push for suffrage(voting) and the passing of the 19th Amendment.
-Describe some women who were leaders in the push for suffrage and temperance.
Ch. 9.3
-Describe the major accomplishments of Teddy Roosevelt as President.
-Square Deal
-Breaking up strikes
-Regulating railroads
-Regulating food and drugs
-Conservation
-Civil Rights
Ch.9.4
-Describe the major accomplishments and problems of William Howard Taft's presidency
-Payne-Aldrich Tariff
-Land disputes
-Breaking up trusts
-You will have to look elsewhere for some other accomplishments as the book is limited
-Break-up of the Republican Party
-Describe the outcome of the 1912 Presidential Election.
Ch. 9.5
-Describe the major accomplishments/issues of Woodrow as President.
-Breaking up trusts
-Underwood Tariff
-16th Amendment
-Federal Reserve System
-Limits to Progressivism under Wilson
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