Projects:
Architecture of the Golden Age of the Athenians
- The Acropolis was the main group of buildings in Athens that looked over the city. - Sacred area. - Most recognizable monuments in the world. -- Took 9 years to build and 3 billion dollars.
-The Parathenon and other buildings were all built between 460 and 430 - Used for political and cultural achievments. -Famous for worshiping the Great Goddess Athena. - Celebrating the ending of the Athen's war with Persia.
-The Parathenon is one of the biggest construction projects of the ancient world.
-The Porch of Caryatids has six columns holding up the roof - All femal figures were each scupltured differently - in order to hold to weight and still look elegant. -- Cost 130 million dollars to build. 421-406 BC.
*The most devine, and complex sculptures of this time are the sculptures of the Athenian Acropolis.
-The purpose of the buildings were built to show cultural and political achievement (political gatherings) of Athens. - Others were used to honor Gods and Goddesses.
-Had walls built up around Athens for protection and defense. Praise, worshiping, buy and selling items, and education were some reasons for use of these buildings.
-The Agora is where the people would go to buy and sell their goods with each other. -Like a mall and a grocery store.
-The Theater of Dionysus was meant for dramatic plays.
-Gymnasium - Kids would go to get education.
-Pnyx was used for Athenians would go to this building and gather around and decide on the laws and the rules of the town.
Key Players -- Pericle's plan fro the Athens was to get the greatest Greece architects.
-Socrates -served in the Athenian army during the clash with Sarta. - Son of a sculpter.
-Plato - Pirates captured him and his friends tried to buy him back. His friends bought him a property and he made it into a school.
-Aristotle- He was a teacher of a thirteen year old for four years. - Went to Athens to establish his school of philosophy.
Military and the Delian League-
-Phalanx were used in the battle of Marathon around 500 BC. It use against calvary is it's down fall. Athenians used mountains and natural habitat to protect the weak side.
-Naval Warfare - Athens used naval warfare during the Peloponnesian War - Fought by ramming and boarding enemy ships. - Major Naval Force
Key Players: Pericles, Socrates, Plato, Aristotles, Archedmides, Pythagoras.
-Pericles was a general politician/democrat. He ruled Athens from 461-429 BC - led victories in the Peloponnesian and the Persian War.
-Socrates was a Athenian philosopher - Praised Sparta - wasn't liked for that reason.
-Plato was a student of Socrates - and Aristotle was a student of Plato.
-Archemides was a well known mathematician.
-Pythagoras invented the pythagorean therom.
Delian League - Coalition of Greek States and Athenians. - Under the control of Athens and the HQ was in Delos.
Goals:
-Free the Ionian Greeks from Persia
-Use sea power
-Protect Aegean Sea
-Athens was the leader.
**Persia was run out of the Aegean Sea.
Famous Battles of the Persian War: Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis.
Famous Battles of the Peloponnesian War: Battle of Pylos
Weapons and Armor -
-Swords, iron knives, arrowheads, archery, and spears.
-To be in the army you had to be 18 or older, male, and own land. - have mandatory 2 years military training. - In the old days if you were rich and could buy your own weapons you could fight in the war.
Many of the Soldiers were:
-Hoplites - heavily armored.
-Young ephebes - adolescent males.
-Peltasts - Light armored and carried javelins.
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