Religion
The Athens are Polytheistic.
They believe in more than one god.
Zeus- King of all gods. He was the ruler of the sky, thunder,and lightning.
Athena- She was on of the most inportant goddesses in Athens. She was teh god of wisdom, hanicrafts, defense, and strategic warfare.
Hera- She was the goddess of god. She was the god of woman and marriage.
Hades- Was the god of the under world.
Poseidon- He was the god of the sea. his weapon was a trident.
Hermes- Hermes was the messenger for the gods.
Ares- He was the god of war. He was very aggressive and unpopular with the gods and humans.
Hephaestus- He was the god of metalwork and fire. He was born lame ans weak.
Apollo- Apollo was the god of prophecy He is the patron of healing.
Aphrodite- She was the god of love and beauty.
Dionysus- He was the god of wine, wine making, ecstacy and celibration.
Demeter- She was the god of fertility of the earth, crops, nature,and seasons.
Artemis- She was the virgin goddess of the hunt, moon, animals, archery, and childbirth.
Why did the Greeks pray they believed that they had to worship and please the gods.
They worshiped their gods at temples, shrines, and statues were erected as a designated place.
The Greece religion was a predominant form of early Paganism. Their religion reflected many central ideas.
Myth- There was half snake and half human.
The minotaur is half bull and half human.
Government
Limited Democracy
In the Athens government the people would directly vote on stuff such as elections.
Government before Democracy- Aristocracy-state ruled by nobility.
Citizenship- At age 18 years of age, men had two years of military training. Wealth nobles and poor people clashed.
Pericles- leader of Athens around 450 B.C. made sure all citizens could take part in government
Socrates- teacher of philosophy in the middle 400's B.C.
Plato- He believed that different people have different strengths ans weaknesses.
3 Branches
Assembly of the Demos- Male Athenians listen, discuss, and vote on topics that affected Athenian life. They spoke their minds.
The council of 500- Represented the full time govt of Athens. Had 500 citizens.
The peoples court- The Heliaea and other courts where citizen juries would listen to cases would vote on whether or not someone was guilty.
Geography of Athens-
Land
Location- Greece in southern Europe
Mountains cover 70-80 % of Greece..
Made of Marble and limestone.
Sea
The seas around Greece are the Aegean sea, Ionian sea, Mediterranean sea, the sea of Crete.
It was used for transportation.
climate
Mild wet winters
about 50 degrees
Lot of rain
mountains get snow.
Hot dry summers
About 80 degrees
How did it hurt and help them battle.
There was no harsh weather
Land was covered in mountains so transportation was not good.
crop could be grown easily.
Natural resources-
Lignite, petroleum, iron ore, nickle, marble, limestone.
Trade- sea trade was common.
The Athenians reached a lot of markets all over the Mediterranean as well as the far east as Egypt and Lydia.
Farming- farming was hard due to limited good soil ans cropland. 20% of land was for growing crops.
The main crops were grapes, olives, and Basile.
Mining- Ore was common in Athens. The best known mines was the silver mines of Linrium.
Jobs- Did a lot a of metal work because of the silver mines.
Druggists were usually females and they collected herbs to use them for medicine.
Ancient Agora at Athens- Market place for social and religious.
Segesta's temple political temporal for the Egypt people.
Parthenon- Temple dedicated to Athena.
Athena- The Parthenon was the temple of Athena and stayed intact until 1879.
Arch of Hadrian= monument ed gateway.
Temple of Athena Nike- made to worship the Greek god of Athens.
Theater of Dionysus- where songs and dances were preformed.
Library of Hadrian- consists of a library, lecture halls.
Art- one of the things that survived to our day from the golden age is the Minoan art.
Theater- The Athenians had great theater art in the golden age.
Architecture- The Greeks developed 3 architectural designs.
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