Geography
Sea
- greece borders the aegean sea, the Ionian sea and the East Mediterranean sea
- greeks thought the sea was a beautiful element
- gained many things/a freedom envireonment
- shipping people traveled where they could always see land
Land
- The longest river in Greece is the Aliakmon
- riverbeds tend to dry up
- grew barley-the growing of barley was less demandnig and more productive
- olive plantations
- grapes were very popular in greece b/c of the rocky soil
- houses on the land were made of ....
- goats and sheep were the most common animals in greece
- provided fur, milk, and meat for the people
- chicken and geese were grown and eaten
- oxen were on the land but very rare
- donkeys and mules used for traveling. they were called "dry animals"
Climate
- mild, rainy winters
- relatively warm and dry summers
- lots of sunshine all through the year
- the mountains adjust the climate changes
- winters in the mountains can be rigorous and snowy
Trade and colonization
- important role as the furthest outposts of the greek culture
- bronze, silver, and gold vessels, olive oil, wine, and textiles
- luxary items and exotic raw materials
- mediterranean basin enabled foreigners to travel to greece
Farming
- little soil and farmland
- 20% of land
- barley, grapes, and olives
- grapes-bronze age, grow well in rocky soil
- grain crops were
- diet based on cereals
- barly, durum wheat, millet, common wheat
- home to many olive trees
- provided olive oil
- 20 yrs to provide fruit
- every other year
- augmented by vegetable gardens and orchards
- Small farming villages were set up by people who came from the north
- average holding size was 5.6 (ha)
Mining
- Lavrion mines
- greek word "lavra"
- means narrow passage or tunnel describing the characteristics of mining galleries
- silver production was high
- decline of mines came during pelopenision war
Natural Resources
- iron
- bronze
- flax
- clay
- timber
- grain-wheat and barley
- animals- hare, boar, deer
- leather
- wool
land and battles
- battle of thermopylae-narrow coastal pass
- "the Hot Gates"
- not near the sea
- Phalanx in between the pass
- battle of salamis
- took place on salamis island
- greeks fought with ships
- 366 guarded
- held off well with the help of other ships
- peloponnesian war
- southern europe
- bordering Aegan sea, ionian sea, and meditteranean
- seas helped both sides
Different jobs
Farmers
- they grew enough to support their families but sometimes grew a small surplus to sell at the local market
Blacksmiths
- they used iron and ore to create swords, plows, axes , and other tools
- they used billows made of animal skin
- they would use hammers to shape the metal into weapons
Craftsmen
- specialize in their work depending on size of city
- make beds, plows and doorframes
Doctors
- medicine was limited in its ability to cure diseases
- 4 humors
- were blood, yellow bile, black bile, and phlegm
- those who practiced medicine drew blood and induced vomiting and sweating to bring humors back in balance
Merchants
- traders
- owned boats or rented cargo space on boats
- shipping involved huge risks
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