Chapter 5.1:
- Osage and Iowa Indian tribes settled in small villages.
- lived near the Mississippi river.
- hunted and planted crops.
- they also hunted and gather foods.
Living with a horse.
- spanish brought horses to new mexico in 1598
- they left their homes on the plains.
- caused more rights to break out.
- they were able to trade goods.
living as a family.
- many of plain people lived in extended family.
- usually they spoke the same language.
- no one was to dominate the group.
- land was shared for the whole tribe to use.
- leaders ruled by counsel not force.
Settlers push westward.
- culture of the white settlers in many ways.
- argued that the native Americans had lost their rights to the land because they hadnt settled down to improve it.
Lure of gold.
- a few women tried to work as laundresses, freight haulers, and miners.
government restricts native Americans.
- all tribes were to live on the same land.
- later, gov't changed and gave each tribe their own areas in different areas.
- many settlers and tribes clashed each others. (didn't get along.)
Sand Creek Massacre.
- 1863 they attacked and killed over 150 people.
- all those that died were women and children.
- if you were head household you could have up to 160 acres.
- unmarried could have up to 80 acres.
battle of wounded knee.
- rounded 350 starving and cold Sioux.
- soldiers demanded natives to give up their weapons.
- killed three hundred natives.
- brought Indians and entire era wars to an end.
Chapter 5.2-
- Homestead act.
- 160 acres.
- the cost was 18 dollars.
- not all land was equal.
- frontiers have a really tough time.
- occasional raids of outlaws and native Americans.
- most settlers built their homes out of dirt.
- offered little air or light.
- women the majority of the time would work right beside the men.
- farming machines were pricey. farmers often borrowed money for it.
- average farmer had nearly 150 acres under cultivation by 1900s.
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