Ch. 7.3What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?A big group of politicians that got together to try and get people to vote for their political parties. They built parks, sewers, waterworks, schools, hospitals, orphanages. Made up of Immigrants. Pyramid with Boss at top, Captains in the middle, Workers on bottom.Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.The Boss of Tammy Hall which is a large group of corrupt politicians.What caused all this corruption in government?Dishonest individuals that weren't fit for the job because of Patronage(unqualified people were given jobs in the governmen) and the Spoil SystemWhat laws came about to reform government?Pendleton Civil Service Act of 1883 it required people to take exam to make sure you were qualified for government jobsUlysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform president or a status quo president?At Status quo president was someone that didn't change anything. Status quo- white, rich, male. The Stalwarts wanted to benefit the rich people. The Half-Breeds were the reforms that thought that they need to control the railroads and have labor unions and child labor laws to help the common person out. The Democrats were the people in the South that lost the war. Grant was a Stalwart and was known for scandals.Hayes tried to reform but Congress wasn't very good at helping him. Garfield was a Reformer and he was killed. Arthur was a Stalwart but when Garfield was killed he became a reformer. Harrison was a status quo guy. Cleveland was a good president and he was a reformer Democrat that was concerned about the competition in the economy. McKinley raised tariffs and was a Stalwart.Ch. 8.1:-What advances in science and technology help solve urban problems?Ch. 8.2:-How did education change in the late 1800's and early 1900's?Ch. 8.3:-What laws and restrictions were put on African-Americans and other minorities after Reconstruction ended?-Explain the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson.Ch. 8.4:-Explain what people did for entertainment in the late 1800's and early 1900's
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