Hinduism-
- A diverse body of religion, philosophy, and cultural practice, native to India, belief in reincarnation and a supreme being of many forms and natures
- Brahma-Hindu creator god
- Senior member of the triad of great gods
- Felt alone and separated from the world
- Split himself and created the god Shatapura
- Vishnu-the Hindu preserver god
- Often represented resting on the coiled serpent Shesha
- Never sleeps
- When the forces of good and evil are not balanced, Vishnu will reincarnate himself to set the forces equal
- Shiva- the Hindu destroyer god
- Also called the Lord of the Dance
- Shiva has a 3rd eye, cobra necklace, vibhuit, and a trident, sometimes represented as half man half woman
- Is known to have a wild passion, which causes extreme behavior and his relationship with his wife
Military Conquest
- The Maurya Empire was founded after the death of Alexander the Great
- The first three emperors were Chandragupta Maurya, Bindusara Maurya, and Ashoka Maurya
- All of the emperors were able to gain land
- The first three emperors were Chandragupta Maurya, Bindusara Maurya, and Ashoka Maurya
- Elephants had swords on their trunks
- Gupta Empire
- Chandra Gupta was dying and he told his son to rule the world
- His son went on an extreme military campaign
- He conquered Bengal, Nepal, Assam, Malava, and eventually Ujjayini
- Infantry, cavalry, charioteers, elephants, Navy w/ more than 1200 ships, had more than ¾ million soldiers
Buddhism
- Stupa
- Mound-like structure, typically the ashes of the deceased
- Used by Buddhists as a place of meditation
- Five types of stupas
- Relic-remains of Buddhist leaders
- Object- objects that belonged to Buddhist leaders
- Commemorative- Commemorative eveents in life of Buddha and his disciples
- Symbolic-symbolizes aspects of Buddhist theology
- Votive –costructed to commemorate visits or gain spiritual beliefs
- Historians estimate that the founder of Buddhism is Seiddhartha Gautama commonly known as Buddha
- It’s a religion home to the Indian subcontinent that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs, and practices largely based on teachings where the people worshipped Buddha
- Buddha is recognized as being an awakening and enlightening teacher
- “Way of life” not religion
- Practice meditation
- The Four Noble Truths: The truth of suffering, the truth of the cause of suffering, the end of suffering, and the path that leads to the end of the suffering
- Believe in karma, which in turn determines reincarnation
- There are six planes in which they can be reborn, into the Three Fortunate realms and the Three Unfortunate realms
- Fortunate-
- Demigods, gods, and men
- Fortunate-
- Unfortunate
- Animals, ghosts, and hell-suffer untold suffering, the suffering of the man is far less
Buddhism and Hinduism Art
- Buddhist Art
- Originated from Indian subcontinent
- Spread from contact with other cultures throughout Asia
- Influenced the development of Hindu art
- Flourished
- Brick, wood, thatch, and bamboo
- Made-stone railings, gateways, and sculptures, stupas
- Painted scrolls, made images of nature
- Hinduism Art
- Focused on dharma or karma, or human righteous living; artha, or wealth acquired through the pursuit of a profession; exual love, and finally moksha
- Costume decorations, perfumery, jewelry making, magic and illusions, ointments, manual dexterity, skill of cooking, eating, and drinking, beverage and dessert preparation, sewing, and embroidery
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