Indian Empire
Mathematics
- Great Indian mathematical named Aryabhata created Pi to 4 places. Calculated a solar year to 365.3586805 days which is close to the atomic clock
- Mathematics were one of the most advanced math systems in the world.
Astronomy
- Gupta made great advancements but had lack of modern devises such as telescopes.
- First to discover seven planets in our solar system.
Medicine-
- Indian Dev. the technique of inoculation
- inoculation- injecting a person with a small dose of virus to help him/her to build defense to a disease.
Literature-
- Writing was dev. in Madurai in 100 AD, still over 2000 poems from there
- classical Indian dances based on dance techniques from this time.
- Works of literature were written in Sanskrit (Aryan language)
Performing Arts
- Indian arts of this time was religious
- work is still admired today.
- Vedas was recited and performed for concerts.
- KALIDASA poet and author
Aryabhata
- first in mathematics- astronomy
- his most famous work was Aryabhatiya
- he was born in Bihar, India
- Author of Mathematics and Astronomy during his time
- created Algebra
Hinduism vs Buddhism art
Buddhism
- The art of Asia
- Spread from India to all corners of Asia
- Art often portrays Buddha or potential Buddhist.
- Stupa- Is a mound like structure used by Buddhist as for a place for Meditation, often performed in Mandala form. Often placed ashes of disease in them
Hinduism
- Hindu gods were common in Hindu art.
- The art of India.
- Known as Indian Art.
- Art is used to invoke spirituality.
Contrast
- The subject matter was the only difference between the art.
- beliefs had little influence on the Indian artistic styles.
Compare
- The same artists created both Hindu and Buddhist art.
- Both religious traditions sacred art often takes place in a mandala(circle) formation.
Military Conquest
Maurya
- Chandragupta Maurya may have heen borm in the powerful kingdom of Magadha.
- Chandragupta gathered an army, killed the umpopular nanda
Expansion-
- After he took over the Nanda Dynasty he started rapidly moving westward across central and western india.
- after Alexander died Chandragupta started taking the land that Alexander had conquered from the satraps left by Alexander.
- By 316 Bc the empire had fully occupied northwestern India.
- at its greatest point it had stretched to the north along the natural boundaries of the Himalayas and into the eat which is now Assam.
- to the west it stretched to modern day Pakistan it was also in parts of present day Afghanistan.
Conclusion
- the Mauryan empire was the biggest to rule the Indian subcontinent. Until the British Arrived.
- It ended in 185 BC with the foundation of the Sunga Dynasty
Hindusium
- Bolded terms- Brahma Vishnu and Shiva.
- The three gods of the Hindu triumvirate
- Vishnu is the preserver of the universe
- Shiva tried to destroy the world in order to re-create it
- Brahma created the world and all its creatures.
Some animals are thought to be holy in Hindu religion.
Cows- Milk and other milk products are used for worship.
Peacocks- Kartikera, the son of Shiva, rides one.
Mouse- Ganesh, the other son of Shiva, keeps one as a pet
Hinduism
- has no founder but based off multiple traditions.
- it is one of the oldest living religions in the world.
- Hinduism has about 1 billion followers
- one cool aspect of Hindus is they believe in Karma
- they also believe in reincarnation
- they worship in a temple
Hindus
aims of life- righteousness wealth desire and salvation
goal- salvation is the ultimate goal of Hindu's life
stages of life- student phase living with wife and children, leaving home and pray with god keep contact with family, discard everything in life
Contribution: Yoga, Pranayama, Ayurveda, vegetarianism, and meditation are the best gifts of Hinduism to the world.
Hindusium- They go along with the law of conservation of energy. Energy can never be created or destroyed. Only one form can be changed into another.
So basically what we call death isn't the soul is simply transforming birth trough adulthood then when one finally reaches salvation is the chain broke. This is when one becomes fully one with the supreme spirit Brahman.
Buddhism-
Overall view of religion- is a religion to the Indian subcontinent that includes a variety of traditions beliefs and practices.
Buddha-
- god of Buddhism
- his real name was Gautama
- Gautama is the main figure in Buddhism
- his name is recognized by Buddhists as an awkward or enlightened teacher who shared his insights to help and suffering.
Facts-
- Two major branches of Buddhism are recognized: Theravada and Mahayana.
- While Buddhism remains most popular religion within Asia, both branches are now found throughout the world.
- Theravada is the oldest branch of Buddhism.
- Buddhism is a religion to about 300 million people around the world.
- the founder of Buddhism, Siddhartha Gautama, lived from 566 BC to 480 BC. He was the son of an Indian warrior- king.
- It has its origins about 2500 yrs ago when Siddhartha Gautama, Known as the Buddha, was at the age if 35.
- Buddha meant awakened one
- the silk road was a chain of roads from china to Europe used for trade
- stupas are mound
Indian Trade (silk roads)
Silk roads
- silk route is a modern term referring to a historical network of trading routes
- it extends 4000 miles or 6500 km
- the silk roads gets its name from the lucrative Chinese silk along the trade route.
Early History of the Region
- Alexander the great rules this region 330 bc ti 325 bc
- he took over this region when he conquered the Iranian Empire
- the Greek invasion brought that language to the region
Opening of the Silk road
- started in the 2nd century BC
- road consisted of many different branches that follow a path safe towns around harsh mountains and deserts
- most trades were relatively short distances by middle man who receive a share of the profits
- goods were sold and bargains several times for other objects as the traders made their way from end of the route to the other end
ending of the silk roads
- the overthrow of the Mongols by the Chinese and the start of the Ming dynasty spelled the end for the silk roads
- since they(Ming dynasty) cut themselves off economically and culturally the silk roads were no longer in high demand
Silk road today
- it is no longer a trade route today
- nowadays there were attempts to restore the route and preserve the ancient monuments along the route
- the Chinese was have put over 1 million dollars into the project.
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