Ch 5.1-Describe Native American culture.They were nomadic, lived in groups with families that spoke the same language,-Why did settlers/people move to the Great Plains?The reasons why settlers moved were gold, land, farming, cattle ranching, sheep herding.-How did the US gov't deal with Native Americans in the mid to late 1800's? What were their policies?The government supported assimilation. 1887 congress passed the Dawes Act- Americanize the Native Americians. 1932 whites had taken over two thirds of the land that was set aside for the Native Americans. Native Amernicans were put into reservations.-Describe a cowboy's life.Came from mexican canqueros. They rope, drive cattle (250-300 head of cattle per cowboy), sleep on the ground, risk of a cow leaving. The barb wire brought herding and cowboys to an end. Fencing took and end to the open range.Ch. 5.2:-How did railroads and the Homestead Act help settle the Great Plains?Homestead Act is the act that lets any citizen, or person signing up for citizen, to have up to 160 acrers to make it into a farm. Railroad took the people to the land.-What challenges did settlers face on the Great Plains?Problems are weather, plagues, animals and raids of Navite Americans.-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?Debt, drought, and high charges from the railroad.Ch. 5.3:-What problems did farmers face on the Great Plains?Bad land, price of crops dropped, debt, and high railroad costs for hauling corn.-Who were the Populists and what did they believe in?Populists were people who demanded reformers to lift the burden of debt from farmers and other workers. Populists wanted an increase in the money supply which would produce in a rise in prices received by goods and services, graduated income tax, federal loan program, eight hour work day, restrictions on immigrantion, election of US senators by popular vote, single terms for the president and the vice-president, secret ballot to end vote fraud.Check diagram for gold and silver.Ch. 6.1:-What caused the Industrial revolution to really take off in the late 1800's?A discovery in the wealth of natural resources in oil, coal, iron ore, government support for businesses, growing urban population that provided cheap labor and market for new products. Laissez fairre - to let alone.-What were some new inventions in the late 1800's and what affect did they have on people's lives?Light bulb - it made light bulbs last a lot longer, typewriter - more ledgible, telephone - communication around the world.Ch. 6.2:-What impact did railroads have on the US?Positives are transporting good and people more quickly, makes things cheeper because it doesn't take as long, cities popped up along railroads, transforms the west since it can carry people to the west. Negatives are destroyed native american lands, costs were high for the farmers who were already in debt.-Why were many people upset with the railroads?Farmers felt they were being over charged.-What did the Grangers or government do to regulate the railroads?Interstate commerace act makes sure railroads were fair to everyone.Ch. 6.3:-Tell me about Andrew Carnegie.Scottish immigrant, born into a poor family, made way up in chain, made steel company.-Tell me about John D. Rockefeller.Born into a wealthy family, oil business, largest oil company.-What was Social Darwinism and how did it apply to business?Theory that success and failure in business was governed by natural law and no one had the right to intervene.-Explain how companies formed monopolies(vertical/horizontal integration, trusts).Vertical integration - business buys out it suppliers in order to control the raw materials and railroadhorizontal integration -companies producing similar products merge or get bought our by other companiestrusts - when participation turn their stock over to a group of trusteesrefer to page 242 in the book for vertical and horizonatl integration-How did the government try to regulate business?Sherman Antitrust Act which made it illegal to form a trust that interfered with free trade between state or with other countries.-What are labor unions and what is their purpose?-Were labor unions successful in achieving their goals? Explain/Give examples.Yes and no. it took a while for it to be successful, but once it was successful. Once they won one it kept winning more.Ch. 7.1:Why did immigrants come to the US?Promise of a better life - pull, push - escape diffucult conditions like famine, land shortages, religious, and political persecution.Where did immigrants come from?Europe, Russia, Italy, Austria, Hungary. West indians come from Jamaca, Cuba, Puerto Rico.The people in the US didn't like the immigrants because they were WASP.WhiteAngloSaxonProtestantWhat problems/issues did immigrants face on the trip over and once they got here?Diseases, crouded, no fresh air were issues on the way to the US. Once they got here they didn't know if they would even be allowed to be let into our nation. Only two percent of immigrants were sent back to their country. The challenges once they reached Ellis Island. They had to start their life over and didn't know the language.Why did some people want to put restriction on immigration? What were those restrictions?Immigrants were viewed as a threat to the American way of life and race. Chinese Exclusion act banned all Chinese except students, teachers, merchants, tourists, and government officials. Segregation was a restriction.Ch. 7.2Why did cities grow so quickly in the late 1800's and early 1900's?What problems did cities fact due to the rapid increase in population?What did some people do to try to help the bad situation in the cities?Ch. 7.3What was the political machine and what did they do for a city?Tell me about Boss Tweed and the Tweed Ring.What caused all this corruption in government?What laws came about to reform government?Ulysses S. Grant, Rutherford B. Hayes, James Garfield, Chester Arthur, Grover Cleveland, Benjamin Harrison, Grover Cleveland and William Mckinley were all presidents during the late 1800's. Were they a reform president or a status quo president?Ch. 8.1:-What advances in science and technology help solve urban problems?Advantages were sky scrapers, street cars, subways, air planes, kodak camera, automobile, amusement parks, sports like tennis, boxing, and baseball.Ch. 8.2:-How did education change in the late 1800's and early 1900's?Primary school for more time, opposite us 9 months off, high schools become more common and colleges became common after high schools, African Americans were segragated into their own schools, Reading, writing were some of the common subjects, memorization, one size fits all teachers lecture the whole time, had to listen since they couldn't read or writeCh. 8.3:-What laws and restrictions were put on African-Americans and other minorities after Reconstruction ended?poll tax, literacy test, if your father or grandfather was able to vote you could too, Jim Crow laws-Explain the significance of Plessy v. Ferguson.Homer Plessy sat in a whites only car and wouldn't move he ended up in jail. This when segration started.Ch. 8.4:-Explain what people did for entertainment in the late 1800's and early 1900's.Roller costers, ferris wheels, amusement parks, ride bikes, played baseball, played tennis, art galleries, boxingCh. 9.1-Define the Progressive Era and why it started(goals).1890s to 1920s which was a time where people worked to reform the government and correct social problems by taking power away from the rich and giving it to the common people. One of the goals were to protect social welfare, promoting moral improvement, creating ecomonic reform, fostering efficiency-What is prohibition? Why did people want prohibition to come about? What tactics were used to bring about prohibition?Prohibition is the banning of alcoholic beverages. People wanted it because the men were spending all of their money on alcohol. A tax was added on alcohol.-Describe the impact aid organizations had on our country.YMCA - young men christian association, Salvation Army - helps the poor, WCTU Woman's Christian Temerance Union - operated kindergardens and went to prisions and worked for suffrage,-What did the 18th Amendment do and why did people want it?-What is socialism? How was it started in the United States?Socialism is any of various social systems based on shared or governmental owernership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods.-What/who were muckrakers and what impact did they have on our country?Muckrakers were journalists that wrote about the corrupt side of business and piblic life in mass circulation magazines. Ida Tarbell and Upton Sinclair are examples. It helped bring pure Food and Drug Act.-What did local government do to reform itself during the Progressive Era?-What did businesses do to bring better efficiency to their business?-What did the progressives do to make the workplace safer?-What did the progressives do to help end or reduce child labor?-What did progressives do to help workers reduce the number of hours they had to work?Made work places mad safer -Cut hours down and payed more, workman's comp.Under 14 banned children from working-What did progressives do to bring about better wages for workers?minimum wadges and winning strikes-What did progressives do to make our country more democratic?17th amendment, 19th amendment, recall, referendum, innitiative, direct primary, secret ballot-What did the 17th Amendment do?It was made so each state had to elect senators by direct election instead of by the state's legislature.Ch. 9.2-Describe the major social changes that affected women during the Progressive Era.going to work in the factories, going to college, voting rights-Describe women's push for suffrage(voting) and the passing of the 19th Amendment.Convince state legislature, pursue court cases , pushed for national constitutional amendment to grant women the right to vote-Describe some women who were leaders in the push for suffrage and temperance.Susan B. Anthony Elizabetih Cady Stanton formed the NAWSA. Lucy Stone, Julia Ward, Carrie NationCh. 9.3-Describe the major accomplishments of Teddy Roosevelt as President.Saved millions of acres in forests to save forests natural beauty, solved foreign policies with Morocco, Venezuela, Dominican Republuc, cut the trip around the world in half with the Panama Canal. Teddy was a "trustbuster" he called himself.-Square DealHe talked about it in his campaigns. Gives everyone a fair change. Help the common people. His platform for presidency.-Breaking up strikesHe listened to both sides and made suggestions-Regulating railroadsHepburn act, gave free passes to those who supported the railroad expanding immensely-Regulating food and drugsThe FDA was set up and makes sure that only good thing were in them.-ConservationFirst "green" president, saved natural land, created national parks, national monuments, and wildlife refuges-Civil RightsTeddy believed that the white race was superior and some African Americans had more power than some white men.Ch.9.4-Describe the major accomplishments and problems of William Howard Taft's presidencytrust buster-Payne-Aldrich Tarifflowered some and raised some tariffs-Land disputeshe removed one million acres of forest and mining lands form the reserved list and returned it to the public domain (sell land to people)-Breaking up trustsStnadard Oil Company and Tobacco Conpany, break up any and all trusts-You will have to look elsewhere for some other accomplishments as the book is limited-Break-up of the Republican PartyProgressives wanted change and conservatives who didn't want to change that is why they wanted to split. Progressive bills were ignored.-Describe the outcome of the 1912 Presidential Election.Roosevelt was the the bull moose party. Taft gets the republican. Wilson for democrats. Democrats win the election.Ch. 9.5-Describe the major accomplishments/issues of Woodrow as President.Underwood Act, income tax, victory in WW1-Breaking up trustsClayton Anti-trust act and the Federal Trade Ccommission could break up monopolies.-Underwood Tariff-16th AmendmentUnder the graduated tax the more money you make the higher your tax will be.-Federal Reserve SystemCreated in 1913 because when there was financial issues people would go to the bank and withdrawl their money. Banks were divided down into 12 districts which each district had a central bank. We are in district 7 and the main bank is in Chicago. It also controls interest rates and control inflation and deflation.-Limits to Progressivism under WilsonWilson retreated on civil rights. 1912 won the NAACP (Nation Associaton for the Advancement of Colored People) which promised to treat blacks equally and to speak out against hanging. Wilson still believed in segregation in government military.
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