Ch. 9.1
-Define the Progressive Era and why it started(goals).
- protect social welfare, Aid organizations.
- promoting moral improvement, Prohibition
- creating economic reform, Panic of 1893. American's questioned the Capitalist economic system due to poverty. Some Americans embraced socialism. Socialists thought Capitalism was unjust, the top 10%(richest) technically ran everything. Bill Gates = Capitalist. Karl Marx = Socialist.
- fostering efficiency,
-What is prohibition? Why did people want prohibition to come about? What tactics were used to bring about prohibition?
- Prohibition groups feared alcohol was undermining American moral.
- Homemade Alcohol, also known as firewater or moonshine.
- WCTU
- Certain immigrant groups used alcohol more than others.
- Women wanted prohibition to prevent men from beating women.
-Describe the impact aid organizations had on our country.
- YMCA
- Salvation Army
- Jane Adams
- Slum brigades
-What did the 18th Amendment do and why did people want it?
-What is socialism? How was it started in the United States?
- Karl Marx
-What/who were muckrakers and what impact did they have on our country?
- journalists who wrote about the corrupt side of business and public life in mass circulation magazines during the early 20th century.
- They rake the muck of society.
- Upton Sinclair- wrote The Jungle-meatpacking.
- Ida Tarbell- Exposed the ruthless methods of the Standard Oil Company
- Lincoln Steffens- exposed corruption in government
-What did local government do to reform itself during the Progressive Era?
-What did businesses do to bring better efficiency to their business?
- Taylorism? a management fad. Fredrick Winslow Taylor. He found ways to make work faster and more efficient.
- Scientific management to increase efficiency was used in factories.
- Assembly lines.
- 5 dollars a day 8 hours a day. <--- Henry Ford.
- Progressives also worked better with efficiency.
-What did the progressives do to make the workplace safer?
- Child labor laws
- Worker's comp
- 10 hour work day
-What did the progressives do to help end or reduce child labor?
- Illinois factory act in 1893
-What did progressives do to help workers reduce the number of hours they had to work?
- 10 hour work day
-What did progressives do to bring about better wages for workers?
- Henry Ford - $5 a day
-What did progressives do to make our country more democratic?
- States adopt secret ballot
- Direct Primary
- Initiative- Bill originated by the people rather than lawmakers
- Referendum- When voters accept or reject the initiative (bill)
- Recall- enabled voters to remove public officials from elected positions.
-What did the 17th Amendment do?
- gave more power to the people.
Ch. 9.2
-Describe the major social changes that affected women during the Progressive Era.
- 19th amendment or the right to vote
- When the men went to the civil war, the women had to go work the men's jobs but they got paid less since they were women.
-Describe women's push for suffrage(voting) and the passing of the 19th Amendment.
-Describe some women who were leaders in the push for suffrage and temperance.
- Jane Adams
Ch. 9.3
-Describe the major accomplishments of Teddy Roosevelt as President.
-Square Deal
- 3 point plan, conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection
-Breaking up strikes
-Regulating railroads
- Interstate commerce act. Regulated trades.
- Hepburn Act. Limited distribution of free railroad passes
-Regulating food and drugs
- Made it illegal to sell bad foods. No false advertising on food labels.
- So people knew what they were eating.
-Conservation
-Civil Rights
- He tried to have civil rights for African Americans, but failed.
Ch.9.4
-Describe the major accomplishments and problems of William Howard Taft's presidency
-Payne-Aldrich Tariff
- House passed the Payne bill.
-Land disputes
-Breaking up trusts
-16th Amendment
-Break-up of the Republican Party
-Describe the outcome of the 1912 Presidential Election.
- Wilson won. with 42%
- Roosevelt called Taft a guinea pig
- Roosevelt was in 2nd. Taft in 3rd.
- Wilson won because republicans had to split the votes between Roosevelt and Taft.
- Roosevelt was in the Progressive Party.
Ch. 9.5
-Describe the major accomplishments/issues of Woodrow as President.
-Breaking up trusts
-Underwood Tariff
-Federal Reserve System
- Federal banking system
- Main reason- to address banking problems
-Limits to Progressiveness under Wilson
-Federal Trade commission act
- Still here today... breaks up monopolies.
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