Mr. Bruns talked about chapter 10...
TERMS---
Imperialism-one (strong)country taking over other (weaker)countries around the world.
Militarism-maintaining a strong military and using the strong military (or the threat of using the military).
Nationalism-strong patriotism towards your country or ethnicity.
Diplomacy-the art of conducting negotiations with other countries (how we deal with other countries)
Spheres of Influence- areas of the world where one nation has power over another or other nations (the US was a sphere of influence toward latin america).
Protectorate-an area where a strong country would control or protect a weaker country.
Arbitration-the settlement of a dispute by a third party.
OLD DIPLOMACY---
-noninterventionist-the US did not intervene in foreign affairs, especially Europe's.
-Isolationist-the US acted alone in foriegn affairs as compared to working with other nations.
-Passive and Reactive-the US waited for events to occur and then acted accordingly.
-We had a weak army and navy (compared to britain and germany and france and italy)
NEW DIPLOMACY---
-imperialistic-going out and conquering territory to create an empire
-Alfred Mahan(look up), Henry Cabot Lodge, Teddy Roosevelt
-stronger army and navy
-interventionist-especially in Central and South america,(which meant becoming more involved in other countries affairs, and the Monroe Doctrine(It stated that further efforts by European nations to colonize land or interfere with states in North or South America would be viewed as acts of aggression requiring U.S. intervention.)
-strong nationalism(having strong pride and confidence in one's country)
IMPERIALISM AND AMERICA---
-imperialism became very common with the major powers of the world
-Major Powers were: great britain, france, italy, russia, US, japan, spain, germany, austria-hungary, ottaman empire-turkey
Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism?
-brings military power and prestige to your country
-brings naval bases and refueling stations
-$$$$$$ for natural resources as well as opening new markets to sell your goods(trade)
-belief in cultural superiority - called the White Men's Burden
-McKinley: "to take them all and to educate the Filipinos and uplift and civilize and Christianize them."
-Taft: We must help our "little brown brothers" on the Philippines
THE SPANISH AMERICAN WAR---
-By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire. (Philippines, guam, cuba, puerto rico and a few colonies in africa(morocco and western sahara))
-The US had been interested in cuba for a long time. US tried to buy Cuba in 1854
-cubans had been revolting against spain frequently
-wanting independence (cuba)
What caused and increase in tension b/w US and Spain?
-civil war broke out in Cuba b/w spain and the cubans
-the conflict described by senator redfield proctor of vermont as "bloody and brutal"
-newspapers (they would stretch the truth a little for the headlines)
-American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the cuban situation
The Yellow Press
-Instigated the war
-united the general public to want war with spain
-made people feel sorry for the cubans
Causes of Spanish-American War 1898
-The Main reason we went to war with spain was, the sinking of the USS Maine
-The De Lome Letter was one of the main cause we went to war with spain(it was an insult of Mckinley by De Lome)
-the yellow press
-butcher weyler and his treatment of cubans in the concentration camps
-Jose marti's destruction of US property in cuba making it look as though spain did it.
Teller Amendment
-imperialists vs anti-imperialists in US
Fronts in the Spanish-American War
-Philippines
-Cuba
-Puerto Rico
Roughriders-a rag tag (but tough) group (calvery unit)of troops that Teddy Roosevelt put together to fight the Spanish (made up of athletes and strong men like police officers and etc.) They were given wool uniforms in the climate of Cuba(hot, tropical, wet, sticky). Died of either food poisoning or lack of medical attention. Leaders-Leonard Wood and Teddy Roosevelt.
Treaty of Paris(1898)
-brought an official end to the war
-spain gave cuba independence (kind of)
-US got control of the Philippines (20 million dollars), Guam and Puerto Rico
Misc.
-the US army was not prepared to fight this war-the navy was excellent!!
-roughly 3000 US soldiers died in the war Only 385 battle deaths-2500 died due to disease
-lasted april 25-august 12, 1898
-the US became an empire for the first time in our history
Puerto Rico
-claimed by the spanish crown in 1493 following columbus' second voyage to the Americas
-they were granted US citizenship in 1917
-popularly-elected governors have served since 1948
-in 1952 a constitution was enacted providing for internal self government
-in plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998, voters chose to retain commonwealth status
-3 options-stay what they are, become an independent country, or become a stated of the US
-In
WORLD WAR ONE PROJECT- THE TREATY OF VERSAILLES AND THE FAILURE OF US TO PASS IT
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