Imperialism - extending a country's power outside of the borders; taking over other countries
Militarism - maintaining a strong military; using it or using it as a threat
Nationalism - patriotic feelings / efforts; towards country or ethnic group
Diplomacy - how we deal with other countries
Spheres of Influence - a territorial area over which political or economic influence is wielded by one nation; latin america, carribean, central america, etc
Protectorate - a strong country watching/controling a smaller country
Arbitration - settlement of a dispute by a neutral third party
Noninterventionist - the US did not intervene in foreign affairs, especially Europe's
Isolationist - the US acted alone in foreign affairs as compared to working with other nations
Passive and reactive - the US waited for events to occur and then acted accordingly
Weak army & Navy - compared to other countries was very weak
New Diplomacy
Imperialistic - going out and conquering territory to create an empire
Empire - Alfred Mahan, Henry Cabot Lodge, Teddy Roosevelt
Interventionist - especially in Central and South America -- becoming more involved in other countries affairs
-Monroe Doctrine
Strong Nationalism - having strong pride and confidence in one's country
Chapter 10.1 / Imperialism & America
- Imperalism became very common with the major powers of the world
- Which countries were the most powerful in 1900? -- Great Britain, Germany, France, Italy, Russia, U.S. Japan
Why did the US and other countries look to imperialism - brings military power and prestige to your country, to get natural resources
- Naval Bases & refueling stations - Hawaii (refueling station)
- $$$ for natural resources as well as opening new markets to sell your goods (trade
- Belief in cultural superiority - White Man's Burden
-McKinley " to take them all and to educate them Filipinos, and uplift and civilize and Christainize them."
-Taft "we must help our little brown brothers" on the Philiphines
Chapter 10.2 - The Spanish American War
- By 1900, Spain was a dwindling empire
-Philipine, Guam, Cuba, Puerto Rico and a few colonies in Africa (Morocco and Western Sahara)
- The US had been interested in Cuba for a long time
-US tried to buy Cuba in 1854
- Cubans shad been revolting against Spanish frequently (1868, 1878, 1886, 1895) wanting independence
- Queen Liliokalani - last queen of Hawaii - 1893
What caused an increase in tension between the United States and Spain
- 1. In 1895 civil war broke out in Cuba between Spain and the Cubans
- 2. The conflict was described by Senator Redfield Procter of Vermont as "bloody and brutal"
- 3. Newspapers (Yellow Press- particulary those owned by William Randolph Hearst) reported the brutality of the Spanish General Weyler
- The New York journal reports "...blood on the roadsides, blood in the villages, blood, blood, blood!"
- American newspapers were clearly pushing the nation towards intervention in the Cuban situation
The Yellow Pages
- Investigated the war
- United the general public to want war with Spanish
- De Lome Letter - national insult
Causes of Spanish-American War 1898
- The USS Maine sinking
- The Yellow Pages
- Butcher Weyler and his treatment of Cubans in the concentration camps
- The De Lome Letter
- Jose Marti's destruction of US property in Cuba - making it look as though Spain did it
Teller Amendement
- Imperialists vs anti-imperialists in the US
Fronts in the Spanish - American War
- Philipines
- Cuba
- Puerto Rico
Rough Riders
- calvary unit
- very few horses - had to walk
- TR's group of troops to fight Spanish in Cuba
Treaty of Paris - 1898
- Brought an official end to the war
- Spain gave Cuba independence (kind of)
- US got control of philippines ($20 mil), Guam and Puerto Rico
Misc
- The US army was not prepared to fight this war - the Navy was excellent
- Roughly 3000 US soldiers died in the war. Only 385 battle death - 2500 died due to disease
- Lasted April 5th-August 12th 1898
- The US became an empire for the first time in history
Puerto Rico
- Claimed by Spanish Crown in 1493 following Columbus second voyage to the Americas
- In 1898, after 400 years of colonial rule Puerto Rico was ceded to the US as a result of the Spanish-American war
- Puerto Rico was granted US citizenship in 1917
- Popularly-elected governors have served since 1948
- In 1952, a constitution was enacted providing for internal self government
- In plebiscites held in 1967, 1993, and 1998, voters chose to retain commonwealth status, become an independent country or become an actual state!
Cuba
- In 199
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