Cold War Projects-1945-1990 communist vs. democracy
Causes of the Cold War-1945-1990 it was against the US and the USSR. it was against Democrats and Communists. US-democratic and USSR- communist. Cause the different governments. Free trade we thought that free trade would be good. The USSR wanted to keep to themselves. Power both wanted power over eachother. They were rivals. Germany-4 parts Britian France US and USSR. USSR didnt like the truman doctrine which is US can help any country that is treatened by communism. Marshall Plan US rebuilding European countries economy. Atomic Bomb-USSR abnd the US had nuclear weapons but wouldnt use them. Truman didnt like stalin-"tired of babysitting the Soviets who understand only on iron fist and strong language"-truman Iron fist-military fighting. red scare. the differences are control and freedom.
Causes of the Cold War:
Policy of Containment:
-The domio effect: took place during 1950s and 1980s
- The effect was mainly about communism
-It says that if one country has communism as there government then the countries surrounding it will be become communist
-Iron Curtain Speech: it was the speech that was said by Winston Churchill.
-Said March 5th 1946
-He used the term Iron Curtain in his address
-It was a splitting between Europe ( East and West) (communist east, democratic west)
-Marshall Plan: it was officially called the European Recovery Act
-Established June 5th
-This program was a large scale program economic America if cash grants to Europe with repayment of the money.
-Goals were: rebuilding a war devestated region, removing trade barriers, modernrizing industy, and making Europe prosperous again from WWII. To ensure Europe didnt turn to being communist.
-Truman Doctrine:
-set up by Truman on March 12th 1947
- basically stated that the US would support Greece and Turkey with the economic and military aid to prevent them from falling to the SU.
-Mainly aimed to get rid of communism or to help it from spreading Greece and Turkey
-supported by the republicans, they had control of congress
-The Truman Doctrine was informally the blame for the cold war
House of Un- American Activites Committee: (HUAC)
-committee was created in 1938 to look into private citizens engaging in criminal acts against the US
-Main focus is keeping people from having communist ties
-famous people who were accused of being communist
-Them members of the HUAC are very determined to find communists and communust sympathizers by pressuring witnesses to give up the names of those who are communist
-witnesses who did not give the information needed were held in contempt of congress
-Joe mccarthey used HUAC ideas so he blamed them for communism
-McCarthyism was accusing people of treason without evidence.. this era was known as the second Red scare
-the 2nd red scare was the fear of communists spying on our government
-another fear was the soviet union attacking us with the A bomb
-the red scare helped minimize the communists in our country because they knew we were after them
-the HACU became less important by the 1960s
-in 1975 it ended
Senator Joe McCarthy and McCarthyism
-McCarthyism was named after jow McCarthy. is teh practice of making accusations of disloyal subversion or treason without proper regard for evidence. it happened in the second red scare. it took a broder meaning by describing the excess of similar efforts reckless unsubstantitated accustations attacks on the character ot patriotism of political propaganda. Many americans were accused of being communists. Born on Nov 15 1908 afraid of communists taking over the US didnt want communists in the state development tried to ease sugar rationing. McCarthy treatment of General Ralph W. Zwicker durign that investigation caused very many supporters to turn against McCarthy. He'd been a heavy drinker and he had a liver failment. he was married for alittle less than 4 years before his death.
China becoming Communist-Mao
-Mao Zedong was the leader of the communist party. gerilla warfare strategy- hiding and firing on the opposite team and the leader of the chinese revolution.
- Ching-Kaishek was the first and the third clairman of the nationalist government of China. was a strong member of National Party of China. In 1949 the chinese civil war started between the Communist and the Nationalists. The communists were pushing the Nationalists back duiring the war which eventually seperated china into 2 groups. the 2 groups were the republic of china (Taiwan/Nationalists) and the people's republic of china( mainland of china/communists). After Kaishels army was pushed to taiwan the communists controlled most of all of mainland China. inthe civil nwar in china the kirominstang wanted to be like the US and they were also supported bu the US. The communists wanted to be like Russia. 5 year plan is known as great leap forward. the great leap is a plan that is an alternative model for the economic growth to the Soviet model. less food production. Cultural Revolution was mao feared that people would turn against him. during this there was alot of rape, murder fraud. concerned were becoming very estraged and he was worried that they would forget who they were supposed to serve. corruption was also a concern for Mao. Completed the communizing of China for Mao. Many thought that Mao shouldnt be in power.
Cuban Missile Crisis
-the US stated to build missile bases in turkey ans italy which could attack the capitol of the soviet union moscow. The Cuban Missile Crisis is the name for the Soviet Union and cuba government responding by building missiles.the US began to react when images of missiles emerged. JFk formed Ex COMM a group of people designated to hadle the sitution at hand. Eventually Kennedy decided to for a naval blockade around the island of cuba.The Us then demanded that the USSR dfismanteled the bases in exchange of teh US agreeing to not invade Cuba. Eventually the whole Crisis subsided with the US and the USSR getting rid of the bases in the problem area. THe US invaded Cuba in 1961. Castro was cinfident that the US would attempt a second attack when Nikita Khurshchev of the USSR proposed the idea Castro thought it would prevent another invasion. During october 1962 they thought that there was going to be a nuclear war. The US was ready to attack Cuba if anything were to happen. a missile was to be launched. if anyone made a wrong move a nuclear war would start. only one person died in combat. 11 others died in aircraft crash. On Oct. 15 images of base found. oct 16 JFK was informed. Oct 22 JFK announced that there were missile baes. Oct 28 Krushchev began to dismantle the bases, which ended the crisis.
Ronald Reagans Strategic Defense Initiative
-Initiated on March 23 1983. Purpose was to develope an anti ballistic missile system. was to predict nuclear attacks from other countries. Many were against it. thought that it would make the USSR want to attack us. Weapons needed for the plan required nuclear x-ray lasers projectiitles that were computer guided that would be fired by electromagnetic rail guns and subatomic beams. these weapons also reqired a lot of space. We planned on intercepting ballistic missiles as they were still flying in the space. to oversee the program the strategic defense initiative orginization was established. lazer and mirror experiments were done money was raised. The plan failed at that time. it was to dificult and they needed too many things. It works today.
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