On this final day of notes, we finished USSR stuff.
The Cold War
Definition-A political, strategic, ad ideological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union. Spread throughout the world-Europe, Asia, Africa, and Latin America.
Know the difference between communism vs democracy and/or socialism vs capitalism.
Causes-Different political systems. US based on democracy, capitalism, and freedom. USSR is based on dictatorship, communism and control. Both thought their system was better and disputed the others intentions. Stalin despised capitalism. Stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the Yalta Conference. American fear of a communist attack and USSR's fear of a US attack. USSR's fear of the atomic bomb. USSR's actions in their German zone. USSR's goal to spread communism around the world. This feeling of suspicion lead to mutual distrust and this did a great deal to deepen the Cold War.
Yalta Conference-Big three agree to: The establishment of the United Nations. Germany to be divided into four zones. Free elections allowed in the states of eastern Europe. Russia promised to join the war against Japan.
Post WWII/Cold War Goals for US-Wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression. Promote democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa. Stop the spread of communism.
Post WWII/Cold War Goals for USSR-Wanted to create greater security for itself. Lost tens of millions of people in WWII and Stalin's purges. Feared a strong Germany. Establish defensible borders. Encourage friendly governments on it's borders. Spread communism around the world.
Berlin Crisis-In 1948, the three western controlled zones of Germany's were united and grew in prosperity due to Marshal Aid. The west wanted the east to rejoin, but Stalin feared it would hurt Soviet security. In June 1948, Stalin decided to try to gain control of West Berlin which was deep inside the eastern sector. He cut road, rail, and canal links with West Berlin, hoping to starve it into submission. The west responded by airlifting in the necessary supplies to allow West Berlin to survive. In May 1949, SU admitted defeat and lifted the blockade.
Nikita Khrushchev Takes Over-Talks of peaceful co-existence and De-stalinization.
Space Race-USSR was the first to put a satellite/space ship into space. US was first to land on the moon on 1969. USSR would also put animals into space. Conspiracies?
Wall-Put up to divide Berlin, Germany. East side was communistic. West side was non-communistic.
Bay of Pigs-It was the US' secret attempt to overthrow Castro. JFK was the president at the time. Failed miserably. Arguably lead to Cuban Missile Crisis.
Cuban Missile Crisis-USSR put missiles into Cuba. They said it was for defensive purposes to that the US wouldn't invade communist Cuba. Most intense time of the Cold War. The US wanted the missiles out of Cuba. The resolution: take US' secret missile out of Turkey secretly in exchange for the missile in Cuba.
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