US Homefront:
1. Selective Training and Service Act
-first peacetime draft in USA history
-used until 1943 to fill military needs
-after 1973, USA military depended on volunteers
2. Women's role in WWII
-Rosie the Riveter represented women workers in WWII
-nurses, secretaries
-farm workers, waitresses, bus drivers, conductors, taxi drivers
-each division had a women's group (example: Women's Army Corps, clerical workers, Navy typists, WASPS (Women's Army Service Pilots))
-planting gardens and canning foods
3. African-American's role in WWII
-500,000ish that stepped up and fought valiently
-did not stand in front lines, segregated (many were cooks, mechanics, and such at first)
-Tuskegeee Airmen
-ended up working together with whites
4. Asian American's role in WWII
-not drafted but many volunteers
-wore buttons that kept them apart from the enemy, discrimination was there
-interpreters
5. Hollywood's role in WWII
-some big stars enlisted
-movies were a big propaganda items
-entertainment for troops
-Bob Hope (most famous entertainer, singer, comedian for troops), part of USO (United Service Organization)
-Other USO entertainers- Bing Crosby, Bette Davis, Frank Sinatra, Lucille Ball, Glenn Miller
6. Office of Price Administration (OPA)
-maintained prices of household things
-ration stamps
7. War Production Board
-regulates and puts limits on America's supplies
-made ration tickets
-changed businesses into wartime/production businesses
8. National War Labor Board
-helped workers stay efficient
9. Why the Homefront helped win the war
-production of war goods (ships, tanks, ammunition, food)
-women, African Americans, Asian Americans
-Hollywood
10. How US/Allies fought back against U-boats
-protect merchant ships with war boats (convoy system)
-faster ships
-radar and Ultra detected where German Uboats were so we could avoid them
11. Intelligence gathering--Ultra/Magic
-Magic-USA code breaker/decipherer/translator for Japanese messages
-Ultra-British code translator for Germany/Italy messages
-spies
-RADAR-detects vessels above water
-HF/DF-detects submarines
-Enigma-machine Germany used to transmit info (code gets solved by Allies)
12. Operation Barborossa(USSR vs Germany)
-German invasion of USSR-summer 1941-largest invasion in world history
-Lebensraum (living space for Germans in Russia) is the reason Hitler invaded USSR
-another reason is the Ukraine had good farmland
-thought Stalin and USSR would attack him first
-Stalingrad (saved), Leningrad (sieged), Moscow (saved-Hitler never gets there)
-Stalingrad and Moscow the turning point of the war in Russia
-Leningrad siege resulted in cannibalism
13. Battle in Africa and Italy
-Africa-USA General George Patton
-Africa-entered in Morocco
-Afrcia-Erwin Rommel (The Desert Fox)
-Africa-also fought Vichy France (bad)
-Africa-Casablanca Conference-unconditional surrender (Germany does whatever we say)
-Italy-began with the invasion of Sicily
-Italy-USA, GB, Canada
-Italy-Mussolini killed-Germany still has control of Italy
14. US Generals-a) Marshall,
-Chief of Staff of USA Military (only person above him was the president)
b) Eisenhower,
-supreme Allies commander of all Allies forces in WWII
c) Patton,
-US general that fought in Africa and later in Europe...died in car accident after the war
d) MacArthur,
-general in charge of the army against Japan
e) Nimitz,
-admiral in charge of the US Navy against Japan
f) Bradley
-general involved in war in Africa and in Europe after D Day
15. D-Day-Operation Overlord
-June 6, 1944
-we sent fake intelligence that sent Hitler north of where we planned to land
-Omaha beach, along with two other beaches
-goal to take back France
-beginning of the end of the war
-largest amphibious (water to land) invasion in world history
-the Atlantic wall-built by Germany as a defense against Allied invasion
16. Battle of the Bulge
-Hitler's last offensive of the war
-December 16, 1944
-Hitler was dillusional
-battle not successful
-The Malmedy Massacre
-worst battle (in terms of losses) to US forces in WWII
17. FDR Dies-Truman takes over
-died of cerebral hemrage
-about a month after this Hitler commits suicide with poison then a gunshot (on the day he married Eva Braun)
18. VE Day
-May 8, 1945
-Victory in Europe day (war still not over in Japan)
19. Battle in the Pacific-a) Island Hopping,
-tactic to take back islands
-trying to sort of surround the Japanese
b) Philippines,
-Japan also attacked Philippines on Dec. 7, 1941
-General MacArthur
-Bataan Death March forced POWs to POW camps
-we wanted Japanese out of the Philippines
-Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 24, 1944)
-Japanese Kamikazes-sucide bombers
c) Coral Sea,
-first loss of Japanese from us
-battle of aircraft carriers and airplanes only
-one major turning point in the war against Japan
d) Midway,
-possibly the most important naval battle against Japan
-US Navy defeats Japan Navy
-our revenge from Pearl Harbor
-second major turning point in war against Japan
e) Guadalcanal,
-Allies attack Japanese in the Guadalcanal Campaign
-many battles on different islands
-Japan withdraws
f) Iwo Jima,
-First Allies attack on Japan at home
-Japanese dug in, outnumbered, no easy retreat
-"Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima" on Mount Suribachi by 5 US Marines, 1 US Navy Corpsman
g) Okinawa,
-Japanese Island
-one of the worst battles in Philippines area
20. Navajo Code Talkers
21. Doolittle's Raid
22. Manhattan Project
23. Hiroshima bombing
24. Nagasaki bombing
25. VJ Day
26. Yalta Conference
27. Nuremburg Trials
28. Japanese Internment Camps in US
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