blog discussion day!
no assigned blog this week!
US Homefront:
1. Selective Training and Service Act
- first peacetime draft(forcing people to join the military) in US history
- used to fill military needs until 1973
- after 1973, US military depended on volunteers to fill needs
2. Women's role in WWII
- Rosie the Riveter; represented women workers in WWII
- after WWI women got the right to vote
- women working in factories is one of the biggest things they did in WWII
- nursing is another major thing women did in WWII
- farmers, sales people, waitresses, taxi drivers, elevator operaters, teachers, conductors, etc. -were many different jobs women did during WWII
- every branch in the government had women roles.
- canning foods was big in WWII
- telegraph for the navy (waving)
- WASP-womens army service pilots
3. African-American's role in WWII
- more than half a million AA served in Europe
- were not allowed in units with white soldiers
- classified as unfit
- civil rights leaders set up an experiment to prove that AA can do it
- 200 missions tuskegge airman never lost a bomber so that really proved to people that AA can do it.
- now that people can see a difference in AA whites and blacks work together
4. Asian's role in WWII
- wore buttons to tell people who they were because they looked soo much alike
- 2 groups: 442nd regimental combat team and 100th infantry battalion became known as purple heart battalion
- several japannese- americans volunteered to be inturpreteres in the pacific theatre
5. Hollywood's role in WWII
- movies were big propaganda
- entertaining the troops
USO-United Service Organizations
- provided entertainment for soldiers in the war
- presented performances all over the world
- Bob Hope:
- inform them about the war
6. Office of Price Administration
- maintained the prices of household items during the war
- limiting on how much people could buy. did so by giving food stamps (colored)
- for how much product they bought they would get stamps
- were not allowed to give others your stamps
- used it so soldiers would have enough supplies and allies (everyone had to cut back)
- if something happens to you, the stamps are given back to ration government.. you CAN NOT give away your stamps under any circumstance
- food, gas, etc. were all rationed
- stickers A,B,C
7. War Production Board
- helped out with rationing
- goal was to make as much as they possibly could
8. National War Labor Board
- helped the workers get more rights in an 8 hour day
9. Why the Homefront helped win the war
- made so much war goods.
- ships
- tanks
- etc...
- women deserve a ton of credit
- holywood its props.
- helped kept the war positive
- helped people get behind the war effort
10. How US/Allies fought back against U-boats
- convoy system: surrounded merchant ships by other ships
- speed: built faster ships
- codes
- avoiding the enemy (smart)
11. Intelligence gathering--Ultra/Magic
- Magic: combined two units
- Ultra: code name
- they were near the top of the list for why we won the war
- RADAR: detect stuff above water
- HF/DF: located were submarines were
- Engima machine: germany system to transmit their codes
12. Operation Barborossa(USSR vs Germany)
- hitler invaded the soviet union beacuse....
- lebensraum
- wanted ukraine for farmland
- use some for slave labor
- it would further isolat the allies
- wanted oilfields in the caucacus mountains
- he believed that stalin was going to attack him at some point (didnt trust him)
- It was the german invasion of the soviet union
- biggest invasion in world history
- happen in summer of 1941
- 4.5 million soliers
- 3,500,000 red army were in captivity
- 4,000,000 had died in battle
- at one time germans occupied some 900,000 square miles of the soviet territory
- 3main goals:
- Leningrad-north
- Moscow-center
- Stalingrad-south
- hitlers drive to the south (stalingrad) was caucasus mountains ;1year later
- stalingrad: germans had control of about 90% of the city really the turning part of the war
- 4years of war fought in soviet union
- moscow: got to 12 miles from the city. it was saved
- 400,000 german casualties
- 1,280,000 soviey casualties
- hitler was furious that they didnt get to moscow.. replaced his generals with new people who werent as good as them
- hitler wanted his comanders not to question him and fight to the death
- hitler took over the military.. things went down hill
- siege(surrounding/bombardment of a city) of leningrad: start sieging leningrad 872 days after began it stopped
- longest and most destructive sieges and most costly
- red army; 1,017,881 killed, captured or missing
- 2,418,185 wounded and sick
- civilians; 642,000 during siege, 400,000 at evacuations
13. Battle in Africa and Italy
- dwight isenhour: US general
- erwin rommel (the desert fox): German general (comitted suicide)
- george patton: famous generals for the US in world war 2 (killed in automobile accident)
- Operation Torch
- british-americans invasion of french north africa
- Caablanca Conference "unconditional Surrender"
- started with the invasion of sicily(island in italy)
- US, british, and canada: invaded by air and water
- british invaded the toe of italy
- italian government surrendered then italy became our allies (working with us)
- germany takes control
14. US Generals-Marshall, Eisenhower, Patton, MacArthur, Nimitz, Bradley
- General George Marshall: chief of staff of the US Military during WWII; after WWII he became Secretary of State.
- General Dwight Eisenhower: Surpreme Allie Comander of all Allied forces in WWII
- General George Patton: famous leader that fought in Africa
- General Douglas MacArthur: famous US general, head of the army against Japan
- General Admaral Chester Nimitz: incharge of the Navy in WWII agaisnt Japan
- General O'mar Bradley: not as famous but pretty famous in the WWII.. involved in Africa, D-day
15. D-Day-Operation Overlord
- June 6, 1944
- took place in france after germany had taken it over
- "Go Big or Go Home" to retake france
- delayed D-day due to weather in the first place
- allied invasion of Nazi controlled France
- the operation was the largest amphibious invasion in world history with over 160,000 troops
- about 10,000 allied causalties (6,600 US)
- an airborne assault landing of 24,000 british, american, canadian and free french airborne troops shortly after midnight
16. Battle of the Bulge
- germanys last ofensive of the war
- hitler started it
- the coldest, snowiest weather "in memory" in the ardennes forest on the german/belgium border
- largest and worst battle in WWII (many losses)
- the malmedy massacre, where 86 american soldiers were murdered, was the worst atrocity committed against the american troops during the course of the war in europe
- lot of casualties on both sides
17. FDR Dies-Truman takes over
- FDR dies from cerebral hemerage (stroke)
- hitler and his girlfriend both committed suicide by taking poison.. hitler also shot himself.
18. VE Day
- May 8,1945
- Victory in Europe day
19. Battle in the Pacific-Island Hopping, Philippines, Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa,
- Island Hopping: US armies tastics to get the islands back from Japan (called carwheel; invade an island, hop over another island, repating itself)
- save money and lives
- Philippines: decemeber 7,1941(started)- huge offensive
- MacArthur: incharge of the philippines
- Bombing
- a bunch of americans surrendered against the japannese
- Prisinor of War (POW):
- ended in may- japanese ambassador officially apoligized to the US
- Bataan Death March: characterized by phisical abuse and murder
- japanese officials faced war crimes trials after the war.
- Americans and Filopinos were playing on getting the japanese out
- Battle of Leyte Gulf:
- Kamikaze: japanese suicide bombers
- after this battle they really struggled to get a navy together
- MacArthur returned to the philippines (september 15)
- Coral Sea: major naval battle between the japanese navy and allied naval and air forces form the US and Austraila
- 6 months after pearl harbor
- lots of battle ships
- Midway: widely ragarded as the most important naval battle against Japan
- June 4-7,1942
- the japanese aimed to eliminate the US as a strategic power in the Pacific and believed midway was the place
- huge victory for us
- TWO MAJOR TURNING POINTS (japan)
- Midway and Coral Sea
- Through magic information we sort of knew this was happening
- Guadalcanal: significant strategic victory by allied forces over the japanese in the Pacific Theatre
- august 7,1942 and february 9,1943 in the solomon island archipelago
- hitting the most important islands
- marked the transition by the allies form defensive operations to offensive.
- Iwo Jima: first time we went to attack japan
- 6,821 US deaths
- flags rising on mt. suribatchi
- Okinawa: one of the bloodiest battles in the war
20. Navajo Code Talkers
21. Doolittle's Raid
22. Manhattan Project
23. Hiroshima bombing
24. Nagasaki bombing
25. VJ Day
26. Yalta Conference
27. Nuremburg Trials
28. Japanese Internment Camps in US
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