- It was ultimately the reason for WWII because Germany lost so much land and had to pay for the debt of the war. Hitler wanted to get everything back that the treaty took from them.
- The Treaty was aimed at punishing Germany Only
- Germany also lost a of territories of seas in Africa
- Germany's military was also reduced to 100,000 men
- Germany lost industrial Growth so that made a huge blow to the Germany economy and they had to pay 33 billion dollars
- Germany also had to take full responsibility for the WWI
- America after the treaty was passed isolated itself from Europe.
- Britain needed Germany to be strong for trade, and France wanted to Germany to be weak.
- Weimer Republic- Was the new democratic Germany after WWI it failed
League of Nations
- All Europes leadeers
- America didn't want to join because they didn't want to get involved In Europe's problem
Leaders Come to Power
Benito Mussolini’s Italy
---------Fascist movement began right after WW I
-people were unhappy with the results and the economy was terrible
-people were scared that the socialists might come to power so many turned to fascism
-including King Victor Emmaneul
Benito Mussolini( Il Duce)
-hated the wealthy and catholic chur
-mother forced him to go to catholic school
-expelled for stabbing a rich student
-unsuccessful elementary teaching career
-joined the socialist movement before during WWI
-fought for Italy in WWI-injured
-got involved in Fascist movement after the war
-became the leader of the Fascist movement
-King Victor Emmanuel asked him to be premier in 1922
-by 1926 was complete dictator of Italy
-killed political opponents
Fascist Ideas- Nothing Above the State, nothing outside Italy, nothing against the State.
1. Hated communism and democracy
2. Government’s role is to protect the people of the country
3. Nationalism
4. Militarism
5. Imperialism
6. Corporativism
-industrial leaders and workers must work well together
-detested capitalist’s greedy ways
7. Made Catholicism the national religion
-Mussolini hated religion but realized he nneded an alliance with the Catholic Church
-brought many Catholics to support Mussolini
8. Efficiency and order were very important
-Mussolini “made the trains run on time”
Mussolini’s fascism was not as strict as Nazism
-allowed monarchy to continue
-allowed the Catholic Church to continue
-allowed capitalism and large landowners to exist
What Did Countries through out the world do in the 20's to ensure that WWI was the War to End all Wars?
League of Nations, and Kellog-Briad Pact and the Washington Naval Conference, reduced Navy
ADOLF HITLER
- born in 1889 in Austria
- dropped out of school at 16
- wanted to be and artist and architect
- failed to get into art school
- moved to Germany in 1913
- joined German Army when WWI broke out
- was wounded twice (once by gas)
- won numerous medals
- accepted the “stab in the back” theory
- hated Weimer Republic
- joined the Nationalist Socialist German Worker’s Party (Nazi) after WWI
- voted Fuhrer (Leader) of the Nazi Party in 1921
- Nazi party attracted the following groups of people:
1. Manual laborers
2. Former soldiers
3. Adventurers and misfits
- The Nazi Party:
1. was violently nationalistic
2. was anti-Semitic (anti-Jew)
3. Hated the democratic Weimer Republic
4. talked of the Volk (German common people) superiority
Beer Hall Putsch (1923)
- Hitler and the Nazis tried to take over the German Gov’t
- Failed miserably
- Hitler was arrested for treason
- Got five years but only served 9 months
- While in prison he wrote his book Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
- Outlined Hitler’s ideas:
1. Aryans were the superior race
- Germans, Dutch, Belgians, Scandinavians and English
- No interbreeding
2. Anti-Semitic beliefs
- Hated Jews, inferior race
- Hitler associated them with the Weimer Republic and
Communism
3. Hated democracy
- Believed one person had to have the power to keep order and
Discipline
4. Undo the Treaty of Versailles
5. Re-unite German speaking peoples
- Austria, Sudetenland, Danzig, Poland
6. Lebensraum
- “Living space” in Russia for the German People
- Hitler also learned that he would have to come to power legally
- January 30, 1933, Hitler was appointed Chancellor of Germany
- Within 18 months Hitler had total power and created “The Third Reich”
ANTI SEMETIC MEANS ANTI JEW
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