What was the New Deal(1st and 2nd) and it's goals(3 R's)?
Why did people criticize the New Deal? Huey Long was a critic of the New Deal. He was a lawyer who vowd to fight for the poor people. Long started the "Share Our Wealth" He voted for a better distribution of wealth in the country. He wanted the rich to give up their wealth to give it to the poor who did not have to work for it. Long was a socialist on the verge of communism. He was the Robin Hood of his day. I know it sounds terrible, but it was a good thing that Long was shot and killed because he may have brought communism to America.
Why was FDR upset with the US Supreme Court and what did he do to try to solve
this issue?
How did the New Deal help:
Consumers- The Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act of 1938 paved the way for standardizing the quality of consumer products such as food; making sure the food is healthy, safe to eat, and will not cause harm. Drugs; that the drugs do what they claim to do without serious side affects that cause more harm than good or complete harm or death, and cosmetics to keep harmful toxins out of the cosmetics to prevent any injury or damage to the body. These acts also made it mandatory for foods to require a notice of any food colorings that they used in their products.
FDR was not happy with the court decisions that dealt with the New Deal. He felt that decisions made by the courts were actually hindering the progress of rebuilding the country. The New Deal was basically Roosevelt's planned empire. He began "packing" the supreme court. For anyone in the court older than the age of 70, Roosevelt would add one new justice. He wanted to raise the number of justices from 9 people to 15. People felt that Roosevelt was on his way towards dictatorship with the proposal of this bill. He lost some support and the bill was not passed.
Unemployed- PWA- Created new jobs, especially construction jobs like building
schools, dams, roads, bridges, hospitals, courthouses, and much more. The USHA
gave over 650,000 jobs to low income people. These jobs were contruction
projects for apartment complexes for the poor. It was a good program that
basically paid for itself. The USHA led to the PWA. The NYA is the NAtional
Youth Administration.
Civil Works Administration- Created November
8, 1933. Under control of the Federal Emergency Relief Administration.
Cost over $200 million a month to pay for all of the supplies and workers. The
budget was only $400 million, and the CWA had to be disbanded after spending
over a billion dollars in a five month period. Many politicians greatly
criticized and opposed the CWA
farmers- A bit of the RFC aided the farmers. Farming organizations were granted
loans from the RFC. These loans were exected to be off in the years to come,
because the loans were given out in the hopes that once the organizations could
get back on their feet, they would be able to pay the loans off, and then some
to help the government and society in the future. The Agricultural Adjusment Administration was an adminstration that paid farmers to grow fewer crops, destroy their surplus of crops and kill their livestock. This was an attempt to fight overproduction costs, even theough people in the cities and elsewhere were starving.
factory workers/labor- The NLRA established minimum wage and maximum work
hours, NLRB was established it determined if the workers were being treated
fair, better training and standard procedures for different work areas.
young people- NYA is the National Youth Administration. The NYA was a New Deal
administration that focused on young people. It gave them jobs. It operated
from 1935 to 1943. It targeted young men and women alike to get jobs and go to
school and to seek a higher education. The program gave financial aide to
people who needed it to get a higher education. The NYA offered kids jobs at
the colleges that they would attend that would allow them to work for pay to
help out the family and pay for college while also getting an education.
Some people did not like this organization because of the use of the taxpayers
dollars to pay for all of these people going to school. Some felt that t had no
effect, but over 2.5 million students were enrolled in the program.
banks/business- The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was basically a
bailout to businesses, banks, railroads, farm associations, and others. All of
these industries were given loans that would hopefully be repaid in full, and
would eventually be able to do more for the government when they get back on
top.
home owners- The USHA gave over 650,000 jobs to low income people. These jobs
were contruction projects for apartment complexes for the poor. It was a good
program that basically paid for itself. The USHA led to the PWA. Over 22,000
housing units were built for low income families and the poor, have of which
was to be reserved for blacks. The whites did not like this and racial
segregation was strung back up. This led to blacks forming their own
communities which led to ghettos.
elderly- Social Security Administration- Created by Roosevelt
on August 14, 1935. It is a
tax taken out on your income that goes into your personal account and when you
retire, you can claim that money that is being put into your account. Taxes
were girst taken on October 14, 1936.
Covers disease survivors as in veterans, old age, and the disabled. Obviously
still around today.
Native Americans- The IRA helped Native American Indians who were poor,
discriminated against, and could not find work or schooling. The IRA gave back
some of the land that we took from them. This act restated the Dawes Act and
broke up land and gave it to individual tribes. Land of the Indians went from
138 milllion square acres in 1887 to only 48 million square acres, even though
this act was made to help the Indians, many tribes such as the Crows, Klamath,
and the Navajo chose to reject it. 174 accepted the act and 78 rejected it, the
government had a great influence in the IRA.
Describe the culture of the 1930's.
Key terms:
Hundred Days
fireside chats- Fireside chats were informal monthly addresses that FDR gave
from the start of his term until the end of his term. He also had weekly
addresses that were brief compared to the fireside chats. The purpose of these
chats was to gain the attention of Americans, and to inform them what was going
on, and how the rest of the country was rebuilding itself.
The fireside chats had a large impact on the nation. He gained many followers
as Roosevelt told people to have faith and to stay
positive. He gave them an incentive to have hope and to do their part to
further help the country.
Priming the Pump-
Deficit Spending-
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