1. What were the causes of WWI in Europe?
Militarism (arms race), Imperialism, Nationalism, System of Alliances, and Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand
Assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand-official started war called the "spark that started the war"
Terrorist group in Serbia called Black Hand killed him
Military Alliances
2. What were the major alliances of WWI?
Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungry, Bulgaria, and Turkey
Allied Powers: Russia , France, Great Britain, United States, Italy, and Japan
3. What were the goals of WWI for all the major countries involved?
Germany- Wanted to become a European and world power, Bring all people of German decesent together, remove France as a competitor.
Austria-Hungary: Take control of Siberia, Protect the border between them and Itlay, and angry because Franz Ferdinand died.
Italy- Gain contol of the Irredenta and Acquire colonies from Germany.
Turkey- Unify the their country, Restore the dominance of Turkey in Europe, and gain resources and boost their economy.
France- Retake Alsace-Lorraine, Weaken Germany's industrial power, Emerge as a European and world power, and Stabilize their political system.
Russia- Remove Germany as a challenger for land, Become a chief military power once again, Be in command of the Bosphorus Strait, Help Serbia with Austria-Hungary, and Political influences in smaller countries.
Great Britain- Preserve status as a superpower, Weaken Germany's military power, Defend Belgium and France, and Land from Germany.
United States- Peace throughout Europe, Keep Germany from messing with US shipping, Make sure allied powers pay off their debt, and Wilson wanted to make the world "safe for democracy"
4. What were some of the major land battles prior to US involvement-1914-March, 1917?
The Battle of Verdun-1916: France and Germany, The First Battle of Marne-1914: France and Great Britain against Germany, The Second Battle of Yepres-1915: France, Army of Africa, Great Britain, Canada, and British India against Germany, The First Battle of Somme-1916: British and France against Germany, First Battle of Champagne: France against Germany, Battle of Liege-1914: Belgium against Germany, Battle of Tannenberg-1914: Russia against Germany, Battle for Gallipoli-1915: Russia Great Britain and France against Turkey, Battle of Flers-Courcelette-1916
5. What were some of the major naval battles of WWI?
Battle of Heligoland Bight-1914: Great Britain against Germany
Battle of Dogger Bank-1915: Great Britain against Germany
Battle of Jutland-1916: Great Britain against Germany
First Battle of Coronel-Nov 1 1914: Great Britain against Germany
Battle of the Falkland Islands-Dec 8 1914: Great Britain agianst Germany
6. What were the US reactions to WWI starting in 1914?
Woodrow Wilson issued a Declaration of Neutrality (August 1914)
American farms and factories fed and armed Europe's armies
7. What were the causes for US involvement in WWI?
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare-type of naval warefare in which submarines sink non naval boats without warning (Germany sunk a French boat, Sussex) Sussex Pledge-Germany pledged to limit unrestricted submarine warfare. Germans sank the Lusitania which caused the US to join WW1
American Propaganda-Increase support for the war. Urged people to plant victory gardens, join the war, and greater war production.
Zimmerman Note-
German Dictatorship-
US Business Interests-
8. What were the major land battles for the US in WWI?
Marne 2nd- July 15th, 1918: France, UK, Italy, and US against Germany
Aisne 2nd- April 16, 1917: France against Germany
Ypres 3rd- July 31st, 1917: UK and France against Germany
Aisne 3rd- May 27, 1918: France, UK, and US against Germany
Cantigny- May 28th, 1918: France and US against Germany
Chateau- Thierry- June 3rd, 1918: US, France, and Belguim agianst Germany
Belleau Wood- June 6th, 1918: France, British, US agianst Germany
Le Hamel- July 4th 1918: Australia, US, and UK agianst Germany
9. What were the major military strategies for winning the war for both Allied and Central Powers?
Schlieffen Plan-Germany goes through Belgium and come down to take control of Paris and France to eliminate them from the war. (FAILED)
French Plan XVll-Entirely offensive. Called for an advance by 4 French Armies into Alsace-Lorraine.
Austria-Hungary:Plans B and R: B-to put armies on the field 3 in Serbia and 3 to 3 defend against Russia.
Russia: Plan 19- Germany would open the war with an attack against France rather than Russia.
Britian-No plan did what France did
12. Describe what happened on the US Home Front in WWI.
Women played a huge roll in the US being victorious by planting victory gardens.
Women took over a lot of jobs while men were overseas fighting in the war.
US Navy began accepting women during WWl.
13. Describe Wilson's 14 Points.
Why? The Great War was being fought for a moral cause. Peace in Europe after the war.
1-End secret treaties. 2-Freedom of the seas. 3-Free trade for all countries. 4-Disarmanent. 5-End to colonial claims. 6-Self determination for all countries (mainly Russia). 7-Restoration of Belguim.
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