5 causes of ww1militarismalliancesimperialismnationalismassassination of archdukie franz ferdandad.1. What were the causes of WWI in Europe?imperialism-eurpean countries wanted part of asia and most of africa other places were high in demand as wellcompetition for land increased and desires for greater empires for greater empires increaseddisagreements pushed for warthe want for colonies made rivalries stronger, introducing more conflictsmilitarism-countries internationally growing their militarieswanted to protect empires and coloniesnational pridetried to out-do eachother with weapons, amount of men, ectnationalismaustria-hungary was the main power2. What were the major alliances of WWI?great britain, france and russiahow it formed:germany refused to signe a peace treaty with russia, which in turn made russia seek and alliance with francefrance around this same time was aolmost to war between germany and another hostile european central powerfrance needed and alliance and seeked it with russiatheophile delcasse was against german policy and hoped to become allies with great britaingreat vritain and france made peace and great britain made allies with france.great britain made settling agreements with russiathe triple entente was created to oppose the triple alliancetriple alliancegermany, austria hungary, italyhow it formed:1879 otta wan besmark, ruler of new german empire, made a duel alliance with austria hungaryfrance made it so italy couldn't advance forward by controlling tunisthis upset italyitlay signed a secret treaty, becoming allies with germany and austria hungary-allied powersjapanusgreat britainfrancerussiaczechloslovakia legionsromaniagreecemontenegrobelguimnew zealandserbiasouth africaaustraliacanadaindia-central powersgermanyaustira hungary (turkey)ottoman empirekingdom of bulgaria-franz ferdinandfather was archduke charles louisheir to the austria hungarian empirewasn't popularconsidered prideful and mistrustingproposed to change austria hungary from a dualism alliance to a trialism alliancetrialism alliance-triple monarchy in which Slavs would have an equal voice with germans and magyarsassassination:was in the capital of austria, serajevoinvited to inspect army manueversserbian group known as the black hands kiled him on june 28 1914 while therethough he wasn't well liked, this was an excuse for austira to go to war with serbiaGavrilo Princip shot ferdinand and sophie---3. What were the goals of WWI for all the major countries involved?U.S. goalsmake WWI the very last of warsusa wanted to peacefully end the warusa wanted to stop unrestricted wardfare by the germanswanted to make the world safe for democracygermany goalswanted great britain's territories in africaisolate franceaustria-hungarycontrol serbiacontrol the ottoman empiredefend the border between italy and austria hungaryfranceavenge previous military defeatscripple german industrial capacitybecome the dominant continental powergreat britainmaintain superpower status, as #1 nation in the worldabate the german threatportect france and belgiumitalytake over germany's colonies in africadecert attention from domestic issuesrussiaeliminate germanygain control of the bosphorus straights---4. What were some of the major land battles prior to US involvement-1914-March, 1917?battle of guiselaunched by french general charles lanrezac'sfifth army, took place 8/29/1914, fought germany, germany wonbattle of cabrai, 1917taks were first used, became popular after this, great britain vs. germany, stalematefirst battle of champagne, 1914the french commander in chief was determined to win the war quickly.in the lanck of success in the trenches began the launch of major offensive extending along the whole line from nieuport to verdunfrance vs. germanybattle of mullhouse, 1914this battle was on august 7, 1914france vs. germanybattle of verdun, 1916germany vs. france, britain and france were allies, so if france went down, so would britainwas one of the lengthiest battlesbattle of the liege1st battle of WWI, germany vs. belguim, germany wins and continues to francebattle of the somme, 1916germany vs. britain and francebritish and french wonbattle of ypers 1914britain, france, belguim vs. germanyallies won the american's joined them in 1917---5. What were some of the major naval battles of WWI?the north sea-main body of naval warbritian tried blocking germany off form overseas trade and resourcesthe first battle of heligoland bight, 1914first naval batter of WWIgermany vs. britainUK wonthe battle of coronelUK vs. germanybattle of the falkland islands, 1914britain vs. germanybritain won---6. What were the US reactions to WWI starting in 1914?woodrow wilson wanted the US to remain neutral---7. What were the causes for US involvement in WWI?sinking of the ships and killing americans by germanyarthur zimmermannote sent out on january 16 1917sent by german secretary arthur zimmerman to mexicoconvinced congress to declare war against germanymade an alliance with mexico and promised to get its lost land backWWI crucial turning point in american history---8. What were the major land battles for the US in WWI?the battle of cantigny, 1918located north of parisUS and france vs. germany199 killedUS wonthe third battle of aisne,1918aisne river near parisfrance, britain, and US vs. germanygermany wonbattle of belleau wood, 1918belleau wood near paris francefrance, british empire, US vs. germanythe allies wonbattle of le hamel, 1918hamel, franceaustralia, US, britain vs. german empireallies wonsecond battle of marne, 1918marne river near parisfrance, briain, US, italy, vs. german empireallies wonhundred days offensive, 1918france, british empire, britain, australia, canada, india, new zealand, south africa, US belgium, portugal, and german empire and austria hungaryallies won-collapsed the german empire---9. What were the major military strategies for winning the war for both Allied and Central Powers?the schlieffen planthe main idea of the plan was to win a two front war by first quickly defeating france in the west, and them turn east to fight russiathe plan scheduled 39 days for the fall of paris and 42 for the capitulation of francethey must do this before the russian steamroller would be able to mobilize and descend upon east prussia, so they had time to turn aroundcalled for the invasion of france from both sides so they could turn on russia.the schlieffen ended up failing because germany's right flank of german soldiers advanced too quick leaving the supplies too far behindthey were also slowed down by the british because the british had promised to keep belgium neutral and safe.on of the major drawbacks of the schlieffen plan was that it called for the invasion of neutral states in order to pass german troops to franceplan 17 (french)when germany had declared war in 1914, france began plan 17 with finve initatives, also known as the battle of the frontiersnot like the other plans, this plan was a plan of concentration and it didn't include a fixed military strategyplan 17 remained flexible to permit an offensive into belgium or lorrainethe only failure in plan 17 was that they failed to aaccomplish the battle of charleroiother than the battle of charleroi plan 17 succeeded but the french was more defending their country rather than going out and fighting othersplan Grussia had put together two different plans for WWI which wer plan g, and plan A, aka Plan 19plan G was made in case germany would do an all out attack agaisnt russia, which was the exact opposite of what actually happened.plan 19 aka plan A (russia)plan 19 was less drastic with its initial sacrifice of russian manpowerrussia's french pwartners wanted them to have more of an offensice war strategyplan 19 was made by general danilov greatly modified in 1912 and if germany didn't attack the french first this wouldn't have workedthis being the case, two russia armies would go to east prussia and to silesia en route to central germnayrussia at the smae time would make use of a fortress defence to protect themselves from the other inveading forcesplan 19 endwed up failing because germany defeated russia at tannenberg , and the first and second battles of masurian lakesamerican expeditionary forcesall of the military personnel, equiptment and weaponry, medical staff, support and mainteance supplies was sent to the western front by pres. wilsonthe first american troops wer called dough boys which first landed in europe but the AEF didn't fight until late october 1917the AEF left all their weapons behind and used french and british weaponsplan B and plan R (austria-hungary)like russia austira hungary had developed two different plansaustria hungary's plans for wwi weren't discussed much less thanfrance and germany's, for a very good reasonplan b outlined the requirement for 6 austro-hungarian armies in the field and three of thm weree going to invade serbia, while the other three guarded the russian border to persuade and attack from that quarterplan r was an essentailly revised version of plan b allowing greater columes of troops to guard against russia assistance for the serbiansUK/Britainbritian didn't want war to break out because they had no reason for expanding their countrybritian didn't devise a plan like france, russia, austria hungary, germany, usain absence of a conscripted army, the british expeditionary force was going to transportthey got transported to the continent and then went the rest of the way on the railroad to belgium and the left flak of the frenchit was estimated to take three full weeks to get the army mobilized , germany and france baked on that it will only take 15 days to mobilizebritain idea of helping the frech with soldiers ended up succeeding since the allied powers won10. What were some of the weapons of WWI?--rifle-most commonly usedadvantages1400 meters was average rangecould be operated by one soldierdisadvantagesaccuracy was only 600 metershad to take time to refill it--machine gunadvantageskill many people at oncelong rangeother countries had to make new fighting strategiesdisadvantagesammunition was heavygun itself was bigger and heavierinaccurate compared to rifleoften got overheatedtook 2-3 people to move and firefrench had had the worst version of it, germans had the best--gas-first used by the frenchadv.killed many people at oncedisadv.gas maskshad to carry around heavy gasran out fast--bayonetsadv.new bayonets were produced enabling soldiers to shoor with bayoney still in placedefensive weaponused with close contact fightingused for fooddisadv.not everybody was well trained with the bayonetrisk getting shot--zeppelinair ship (blimp)rigid so it could be biggerpowerful enginesmetalgasbags with heliumcarried weaponsabandoned quickly--tankused for the first time in WWIneeded 3 peoplemaximum speed 3mphcouldnt cross trenchesnew takes were made toward end of the war--planesadv.weapons could be delivered fast to the soldiersspied on other peopledisadv.easily shot down"dogfights" (fighter planes)--torpedoesused by submarinesgermans used themused to blow up ships from america-britain--grenadesadv.killed people in large amoutscould be thrown into an exact locationdisadv.tiring to carry aroundran out quickly11. Describe trench warfare.warfare in which the opposing forces attack and couterattack from a relatively permanent system of trenches protected by barbed wire entanglement(combat in which eache side has a system of protective trenches)problemsrats (1 pair=900 offspring a year)smell of rotting bodiestrench fever caused by licedeathtrench foot-water from the bottom of the trenches would infect feetgiant frogs-attracted to the water12. Describe what happened on the US Home Front in WWI.13. Describe Wilson's 14 Points.14. Describe the points of the Treaty of Versailles.15. Why did the US never pass the Treaty of Versailles?16. Why did the Allied Powers win WWI?17. Describe the impact WWI had on the world.18. How did countries react to the Treaty of Versailles?
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