Social Levels (Tang)
1) Emperor
2) Aristocracy
3) Bureaucracy
4) Servants
5) Clergy
6) Peasants
7) Artisans and traders
8) Slaves
Social Levels (Song)
1) Emperor
2) State officials
3) Landowners and scholars
4) Artisans, Craftsmen, Merchants
5) Farmers, Hunters, Fishers (peasants)
Song Trade
-Silk Road
-trade with Korea, Japan, ad southwest
-Quanzhou was a major port
-exports were tea, silk, copper coins, paper, porcelain, lacquer ware, jewelry, rice, ginger, and other spices and grains
-imports were silver and horses
-China experienced major improvements in agriculture under the Song
-shortage in fields
-terraces were created in the hilly regions
- tool and irrigation used
-Iron harrows, hay cutters, and sickles were forged with improved standards
-improved farming techniques
-wheat and beans were imported
-Silk road
-silk very valuable
-major exports to Islamic world coveted and purchased Chinese goods
-currency is same between song and tang
-trade flourished under the use of the silk road
-Chan’an (Tang capital) was most populated and wealthiest city in the world at the time
-agriculture was based on volunteer farmers
-rice very common
-underground irrigation
-Northern Song destroyed by the Jin in 1127
-southern song set up Zhao Guo
-son of the last emperor of the Northern Song
-Zhao Gou escaped being captured and fled to Nanjing Yingtianfu
Key Player
-Emperor Taizu
-served in the army of Zhou Dynasty then founded the northern Song
-elected emperor after that
-Took the title Taizu
-built centralized government and efficient bureaucracy
-He followed Tauizu as emperor
-son of Tauizu
-unified all of china for the song
Key Player
Wang Anshi
-prime minister in 1069
-made reforms designed to help the common people
-expanded use of money
-Broke up private monopolies
-introduced some forms of government
Yu Fei
-1130’s
-waged war on the Jin
-had many victories
-great general
-executed though because of the traitor Win Hui
-Hui persuaded the emperor that a peace treaty was much better than war
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