Today we continued blog discussions over WWI. Today is the 71st anniversary of the attack on Pearl Harbor.
1. What were the causes of WWI in Europe?- Militarism
- Imperialism
- Nationalism
- Economic Competition
- System of Alliances
2. What were the major alliances of WWI?
When two or more countries join together to fight in a war or even peace.
Allied Powers - Great Britain, United Kingdom, France, Russian Empire, Italy, and United States.
Central Powers - Germany, Turkey/Ottoman Empire, Hungary, and Bulgaria.
Russia dropped out to fight their own war.
Italy fought for Germany for a little bit until Germany started taking the Italian land. That caused them to fight against them.
3. What were the goals of WWI for all the major countries involved?
The US wanted to make a safe place for democracy, win and end the war, and Woodrow Wilson's 14 points.
France wanted to get land from the "loser".
Russia wanted to control of the Dardenelle and Bosporus Straits in Turkey.
Austria-Hungary wanted self preservation.
Germany wanted part of France, Luxembourg, Belgium, and most of western Russian. They wanted to make Austria-Hungary and the Balkans a "sphere of influence". They wanted to take over French and British colonies in Africa.
4. What were some of the major land battles prior to US involvement-1914-March, 1917?
5. What were some of the major naval battles of WWI?
Battle of Durazzo - Biggest naval battle that the US fought it. It wasn't really a battle, it was just allied ships that shot at everything along the coastline.
6. What were the US reactions to WWI starting in 1914?
7. What were the causes for US involvement in WWI?
The US got involved after Germany started sinking ships. The Lusitania was a British ship.
Zimmerman Note.
American Banks and Businesses
War Hawks
8. What were the major land battles for the US in WWI?
Everyone discussed their 6th assigned blog over the wars.
9. What were the major military strategies for winning the war for both Allied and Central Powers?
The Von Schlieffen plan was to go in through Russia. The German underestimated the Russians.
10. What were some of the weapons of WWI?
- Grenades
- Tanks
- Bayonets
- Poison Gas
- Rifles
- Airplanes
- Barbed Wire
- Flamethrowers
- Machine Guns
- Submarines/U-Boats
- Zeppelins
11. Describe trench warfare.
Trench warfare was when the troops would dig trenches and live in them during wartime.
12. Describe what happened on the US Home Front in WWI.
Back home while the men went off to fight, the women and African-Americans had to step up and take over the jobs of the men who had gone to fight. Women gained respect during this time, because the government realized how much they had to do. The American Red Cross aided those who were wounded etc during the war. Victory gardens were planted for people to go harvest food that they were not able to buy, because the farmers were at war.
The Food Administration was brought about by Herbert Hoover. He was blamed for the Great Depression. His idea was to conserve food. Certain days you would not eat a food. There were "meatless" days and "wheatless" days. The Administration tried to prevent people from hoarding food.
Stuff wins war.
13. Describe Wilson's 14 Points.
The Paris Peace Conference was held in Versailles Palace to find an agreement to end the war.
Wilson's 14 points were what he wanted the treaty to be to end the war.
Wilson was a
- No more secret treaties or alliances. This was hard because they were secret. If no one had secret treaties, there would be no more war.
- Freedom of the seas. If the ships weren't free, then they were being sunk and brought the country into war.
- Free trade. Similar to the Open Door Policy with China, but worldwide.
- Reduce weapons.
- No more imperialism.
- Evacuation of Russia. Pull troops out.
- Pull troops out of Belgium.
- French territories would be free.
- Italy would gain land at the expense of Austria-Hungary.
- Free opportunity in Austria-Hungary.
- Restoration of the Balkan nations and access to the sea for Serbia.
- Protection for minorities in Turkey and free passage of ships through the Dardanelles.
- Independence for Poland including access to the sea.
- Create the League of Nations. The League of Nations was designed so countries could settle their problems without having to turn to war.
14. Describe the points of the Treaty of Versailles.
- Take full control of the war. Germany did not start the war, but the clause Germany had to take full control. It didn't set well with Hitler. "War Guilt Clause"
- Took land away from Germany.
- Germany was required to reduce its military to no more than 100,000 troops. They were not allowed tanks, submarines, or airplanes.
- Financially, losing land was not good on Germany. It put them into a huge depression in the 1920's. The NAZI party started during that time. In 1933, Hitler tried to overthrow the government, but it failed. The unemployment rate was very high. It was cheaper to burn their money than buy wood.
- League of Nations was set up. It was a mistake not to sign on with the League of Nations. In World War II, the US was isolated by the two oceans. We were nuetral, until December 7th, when Japan attacked Pearl Harbor. We were not happy with WWI, and didn't want to get involved with another war. If we did join the League of Nations, we might have gotten involved with the war and stood up to Hitler. The United States didn't sign the Treaty of Versailles.
15. Why did the US never pass the Treaty of Versailles?
We didn't pass the treaty, because Congress thought that if we signed it then we would be in war all the time.
16. Why did the Allied Powers win WWI?
The Allies had major power over the Central Powers.
17. Describe the impact WWI had on the world.
- It established the League of Nations.
- Lost many men
- Depressions etc.
We then transitioned into the 1920's! My topic is Calvin Coolidge and his philosophy. This blog is due Tuesday at 8:00 am.
Class dismissed.
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