Tang and Song Weaponry and Army
- Tang Military
- was strong
- Militiamen were between 21 and 60 yrs old
- based on a fubing system - a local militia system that could be mobilized quickly in times of war
- fielded 634 units called Zhechongfu
- consisted of 800 to 1200 men
- each was divided into sub units - tuan of 300 men, dui of 50 men, and huo 10 men
- central military didn't last long - when Fanzhen, a local general became dominant
- Tang Weapons
- offense
- throwing dagger
- bow and arrow
- sword
- pike
- Defense
- armor made of iron and is sharp can be weapon
- shield can defend against any weapon
- offense
- Song Military and Methods of Warfare
- organized to ensure that the army couldn't threaten imperial control
- the imperial army was divided among three marshals each independently responsible to the emperor
- military strategies and military training were treated as science that could be studied and perfected
- Song weapons
- knife chariot
- rammer
- repeating crossbow
- stone casting machine
- iron sword
- scaling ladder
- flame ejector
- boats
- warships
- catapults with fireballs
- Important people of Song
- Zhao Kuangyin was the founder of the North Song Dynasty, also a military leader
- South was founded by Zhao Gou who was the song of Kuangyin, founded this after the Jin conquered the North
Agriculture and Trade
- Tang Ag
- made great advancements
- underground wells for better irrigations
- made lightweight pump to take water to farm land from far away water sources
- each peasant was given an equal amount of land under the JunTian Zhi ( the equal land system)
- made great advancements
- New Techniquies
- heavy iron plow
- harness oxen and water buffalo
- enriched soil with manure and compost
- expanded food supply
- improved irrigation systems
- reservoirs
- dikes
- dams
- pumps
- water wheels
- Tang Trade
- was a period of expansion, especially in trading with foreign lands
- caravan routes traveled as far as Syria for items ranging from glassware and tapestries to jasmine and other exotic herbs
- the silk trade in Tang Dynasty was prospering and reached an unprecedented level
- they used the silk road as a trade route
- improved and expanded the Grand Canal with allowed Chinese to move crops and goods farther distances
- used coins as currency
- Song Ag
- there were many ag advancements in this time
- rice was improved by cultivation
- early ripening rice allowed for peasants to grow two or three crops annulally
- they imported rice from Vietnam
- ag tools were being better developed
- Importance
- Chan was growing so fast especially cities
- this expanded the food supply
- without the rice China could not be fed
- the Song Dynasty was twice the size of Tang - 100 million people
- Song Trade
- Trade between the Song Dynasty and its northern neighbors was stimulated by the payments Song made to them
- their major exports are silk, porcelain, and tea
- set up supervised markets along the border to encourage this trade
- goods that flowed north in large quantities included tea, silk, copper coins, paper, printed books, porcelain, lacquer ware, jewelry, rice, ginger, spices
- traders used China's river to ship goods on barges and ships
- traded gunpowder
- trade grew so rapidly during the Tang and Song era that copper coin shortages developed
- this led to paper money being invented
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