1920s decussion
1. Roaring 20's
-jazz age
-automobile
-flappers..fun dressing
-people made more money
-stock market got high
2. A "return to normalcy"
-return to normal by staying out of European conflicts
-idea came from Harding
3. Red Scare
-1919-1920
-fear that we'd become communist
-stopped immigration
-Palmer raids...Hoover and Palmer took communists out of country
4. Buying on credit
-allowed common people to be able to afford nice things (homes, cars..)
5. Planes and automobiles
-Henry Ford
-Model T Ford helped travel, go places, work farther places
-Model T Ford negatives: drunk driving, car accidents
-planes were small, not very developed
6. Prohibition
-named "the noble experiment"
-18th ammendment..eliminated alchohal
-alcohal caused crime, cheating on women, abuse in homes..
-alcohol was stillo allowed for medical/religious reasons
-saloons closed and drunkness went down
-failed because:
1)took away peoples rights
2) prohibition bureau was underfunded
3) organized crime became commonplace
-increased crime badly
-repealed by 21st ammendment
7. Republican presidents and philosophy-Harding, Coolidge, Hoover
-Republicans overrule
-trickle down theory (help rich..will help everyone else)
-laissez-faire
-rugged individualism (let people do as they please)
WW1 questions:
1. What were the causes of WWI in Europe?
-central powers and alled forces
-imperialism
-militarism
-mationalism
-assassination of archduke franz ferdinand
2. What were the major alliances of WWI?
-great britian, france, russia, belgium,italy, US, australia canadia
-russia
-Germany and austria hungary
-france and russia
-britian and france and belgium
-japan and britian
3. What were the goals of WWI for all the major countries involved?
-Albania- was wanting to be independent and didn't want counrties to take it over
-Austria-Hungary- didn't want Serbia to take them over. Serbia was bombing them
-Belgium- Keep independence from Germany
-Brazil- neutral at begining wanted to keep trade
-China- wanted to free them of treaties and put in Wilson's 14 points
-Costa Rica and Cuba against Germany and didn't want submarine warfare- sinking shipps
-Germany-Started the war against Russian's mobilization (getting ready to fight) wanted to sercure and maintain German unification
-Russia- Eliminate Germany as a compeditor and wanted to be know as a world power
-France-Tready with Russia averge military defeats in the past and weaken Germany's Economy
-Brittain-Defend Belgium Become Super Power
-America-German sinking ships democracy
4. What were some of the major land battles prior to US involvement-1914-March, 1917?
-Albania- was wanting to be independent and didn't want counrties to take it over
-Belgium- Keep independence from Germany
-Brazil- neutral at begining wanted to keep trade
-China- wanted to free them of treaties and put in Wilson's 14 points
-Costa Rica and Cuba against Germany and didn't want submarine warfare- sinking shipps
-Russia- Eliminate Germany as a compeditor and wanted to be know as a world power
-France-Tready with Russia avenge military defeats in the past and weaken Germany's Economy
-Brittain-Defend Belgium Become Super Power
-America-German sinking ships democracy
5. What were some of the major naval battles of WWI?
-Jutland- the gratest battle Greman high sea fleet and th Royal Navel of Brittan. Germay won.
-Dogger Bank- Germany won the battle and defeated the Brittish
-Heligoland Bright- Germany and Brittan- over North Sea.
6. What were the US reactions to WWI starting in 1914?
-declared neutrality
-Woodrow declared neutrality
7. What were the causes for US involvement in WWI?
-May 7th, 1915-Germany U-boats at the Lusitania
-1917-Wilson asked Congress to declare war, entered as an associated power, instead of an official ally
-Upset with G.B. and Germany
-Trade with England rose, Germany declined
-Zimmerman Note-coded telegram sent by Arthur Zimmerman on January 16, 1917, was intercepted by the British cryptographers, given to the newpapers and out raged the public
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- Germany tried to get Mexico to declare war on the United States
- -
- Germany promised Mexico that they would get the Mexican Cession back if they won
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- Germany wanted to keep the US out of Europe
-Beliefs of War Hawks
-Trade with England increased, Germany decreased as years went on
-British and American Propaganda
-Preparedness Program-US started arming and preparing for war
-American Business-munitions business pushed US into war to make money
-German declaration of "unlimited submarine warfare"
8. What were the major land battles for the US in WWI?
- Battle of Cantigny-near Paris, US and France vs Germany, May 1918, first significant battle
- Battle of Belleau Wood-January 1919, France, British, United States vs Germany
- Battle Lehamel-July 1918-Australia, United States, United Kingdom vs German empire, first time Americans used offense, helped the Allies defeat the Germans
- Second Battle of Marne- August 1918 France, UK, US, Italy vs German Empire, very important victory, ended string of German victories.
9. What were the major military strategies for winning the war for both Allied and Central Powers?
- Schlieffen Plan-German plan of attack, Alfred von Schlieffen, 90% of German forces move toward France, went through Belgium, Belgium stronger than anticipated
- Plan 17-France, Ferdinand Foch, "I'm gonna beat you know matter what"
- Plans G-Germany attacks Russia, let invade Russia
- Plan 19-Germany attacks France, two armies attack while the rest protect Russia from Austria Hungary
- American Expeditionary Force-Select American Troops, deployed to assist French Britain Forces
10. What were some of the weapons of WWI?
-bayonet
-flamethrower
-poison gas
-submarines or U-boats
-tanks
-airplanes
11. Describe trench warfare?
-trench warfare is battling between 2 poopsong armies that are both entrenched
-1/3 of deaths in the war occured in the trenches
-another deadly killer was diseases.
-trench fever happened a lot in the war and spread easily
-rats were horrible in trenches
-lice was a big problem so men started to cut there hair to the scalp, like they shaved it
12. Describe what happened on the US Home Front in WWI.
- increased taxes
- Liberty Bonds
- Lever Act persuaded Americans to save food for the shipment over seas
- Victory gardens supplied food for the soldiers to reduce pressure for the public to supply food
- women started doing men's jobs, started getting more rights (right to vote after the war)
- African Americans-managed war efforts, worked in factories, nurses, moved into richer areas
13. Describe Wilson's 14 Points.
-a proposition to end ww1 and create peace postwar
1. no ore secrets (open covenants openly arrived at) -prohibits treaties (some treaties had no understandable understandings)
2. can navigate freely on the seas -3 condition to navigation 1. general peace 2. no fighting with other nations 3. league of nations nuetral
3.
4.you can not have to many weapons/lessons weapon numbers -"domestic safety" is protecting against invasion
5. "impartial" you cant pick sides between the colonies -listening to both sides on the colonials spinions
6. evacuate german troops out of russian territory -russia can decide what form of government they want without any interference (deternime their own poitical set-up)
7. german troops need to evacuate belgium -belgium deserves to be independent like they were before war
8. france had taken germanys control of french territory -france is allowed to recover alsace-lorranine (region in NE france)
9. it would gain powers from austia hungary
10. people who live in austia-hungar should have self-determination
11. people in the balkan states should be independent -must evacuate the cintral powers of serbia, montenegro, and romania
13. poland should be independent
14. league of mations is created to make independence to all states
14. Describe the points of the Treaty of Versailles.
- 440 articles
- Forced Germany to give up land to give to Belgium, Poland,
- 13.5% of Germany's land
- Many disagreements
- Germany had to pay $33 billion dollars, put them into a deep depression
- Germany had to take fault for the war
- Germany's military was decreased
- League of Nations was set up
15. Why did the US never pass the Treaty of Versailles?
- Wilson was democrat, congress is republican-butted heads
- thought if joined the league of nations to prevent war, congress thought otherwise
- don't join league of nations and went back to isolation
- one of the US's biggest mistakes
16. Why did the Allied Powers win WWI?
- Great Britain's Navy blocked off Germany and made it hard for Germany to supplies in and out
- Storm troopers-fast german soldiers, cost many casualties
- The United states played a large role with economics, trade shifted causing shorted German supplies
- Treaty of Versailles
17. Describe the impact WWI had on the world.
- 1918 Flu Pandemic, Spanish flu, 50 million people died
- Blockcade of Germany, lack of food and supplies
18. How did countries react to the Treaty of Versailles?
- June 28, 1919
- France thought it was too lenient on Germany
- United States thought it favored the British
- Germany hated it and a violation of honor
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