US Homefront:
Homefront is what your doing at home.
1. Selective Training and Service Act-
-Passed in 1940
-First peace time draft in US history
-Used until 1973 to fill military needs
-After 1973, US military depended on volunteers to fill needs.
2. Women's role in WWII
-Rosie the Riveter- represented the women in WWII
-women worked in factories to help make supplies for the war
-women also became nurses for the war. many of them met their husbands during war.
-many propaganda posters were displayed to help convince women to join the war
-WAVES- Women's Navy- women would be secretaries and making phone calls
-each military brach had different jobs for women
-WASP- Womens army service pilots
-Iva Toguri (tokyo rose)-
-was forced to broadcast propaganda to the allied troops for japan
-she was a US citizen in Japan that taunted the troops and played music from home.
-she was later convicted of treason
3. African-American's role in WWII-
-served as pilots or flyboys
-they made things in the factories
-they bombed enemies
-and fought in the front line
4. Asian's role in WWII-
-same as african americans
5. Hollywood's role in WWII
-entertained troops by making propaganda for the war
-sent people overseas to entertain troops
-made WWII movies
6. Office of Price Administration
-THe office of price administration was est in 1941 to administer price controls
-8000 rationing boards were created with 200,000 volunteers to assist the 60,000 employees of the agency
-food rationing included restrictions on suger and meat. clothing rationing restricted silk and nylon
-by the end of 1942, half of the nations automobiles were issed an A sticker allowing 4 gallons per week
-gasoline rationing began in may 1942 on the East coast, limiting use to 5 gallons per week/
-the other half of automobils had either a B or C sticker (war workers and vital occupations such as doctors)
-truckers had a T sticker for unlimited
-a black market developed in stolen or counterfeit stickers that were used in 5-30% OF GASOLINE sales
-by 1945 there were 32,500 people arrested for using false stickers
-4000 gas stations closed
7. War Production Board
-all about production and was created to make sure factories were making as much as they could
8. National War Labor Board
-brought all of the war workers together so they dont go on strike
-their motto was "Together we win"
9. Why the Homefront helped win the war
10. How US/Allies fought back against U-boats
-build faster and more manuverable ships
-US navy radio operators tried to intercept German radio trasmissions
-if you itercept it, you can figure out where German's U-boats are
-Convoy System- many ships moving at once (mechant ships surrounded by destroyers)
11. Intelligence gathering--Ultra/Magic
-Chuchill and Roosevelt knew about the importance of intelligence gathering
-the US and GB shared information
-RADAR provided meants of detecting vessels and aircraft above the surface
-HF/DF (Huff-Duff)- used to lcate the sources of enemy radio transmissions such as submarines
-ULTRA and MAGIC- code breaking secrets\
-ULTRA was GB
-and MAGIC was US
-these gave us the advantage of knowing what the enemy was doing but they didnt know what we were doing
-Enigma- system in which Germany trasferred their information through codes
12. Operation Barborossa(USSR vs Germany)
-Lebensraum
-Hitlers invasion of the Soviet Union
-he wanted Ukrainefor the farmland
-the defeat of the USSR would further isolate the Allies
-wanted the oilfields in the Caucasus mountains
-he didnt trust Stalin because there was propaganda saying Stalin was going to attack Germany
-it was the greatest land war in recorded history, began at 3:30 am on June 22,1941
-the main front would eventually expand to 1490 miles
-at one time, the Germans occupied some 900,000 miles of Soviet territory
-the German army in the USSR was split
- this battle was seen as Hitlers biggest mistake
-Battle of Moscow took place on october 1941
-Hitler had made taking over moscow a big accomplishment
13. Battle in Africa and Italy
-Erwin Rommel was known as the Desert Fox
-he is considered as the best german general
-he was later killed for planning to assasinate Hitler
-Operation Torch- the american invasion of French North Africa on November 8, 1942
-we were fighting the Germans, Italians, and the Vichy french
-by mid 1943 we had defeated them
-we invaded Morocco
-Casablanca Conference- we said that we would not make peace, we would only accept Germanys unconditional surrender
14. US Generals-Marshall, Eisenhower, Patton, MacArthur, Nimitz, Bradley
George C. Marshall-
-Cheif of Staff of the US miliary during WWII
George Patten-
-he believed that if you can carry a weapon and be able to walk you can fight
Admiral Chester Nimitz-
-admiral of the US navy against Japan
15. D-Day-Operation Overlord
-Allied invasion of Nazi controlled France
-The assault was conducted in two phases
-On june 6, 1944
-There were also decoy operations to distract the German forces from the real landing areas
-the operation was the largest amphibious invasion in world history with over 160,000 troops
-roughly 10,000 allied caualties (10,000 US)
-Dwight Eisenhower was America's main man
16. Battle of the Bulge
-last major offensive move by the Germans
-it was Germanys push through the front line
-the goal was to make a "bulge" in the front line
-over one million men involved
-it was one of the worst battles in American WWII history
17. FDR Dies-Truman takes over
-FDR dies on April 8th, 1945
-Truman is sworn in
18. VE Day
-May 8th 1945
-Victory in Europe- Nazi's Surrender
19. Battle in the Pacific-Island Hopping, Philippines, Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa,
-Island Hopping- would attack major island toward Japan
-jumped from island to island on way to Japan
-it saves time, money, and lives
-defeated spain and Japan took over the Phillipieans in 1941
-Bataan Death March- 60 mile transfer of 75,000 american and filipino POWs toa POW camp
-many people died
-Japan was being tried for war crimes because of this
-Coral Sea-
-fought from may 4-8 1942
-major naval battle between Japan and allied naval forces from the US and Australia
-first battle in world history in which aircraft carries engaged each other
-Japan sunk more ships but, the allies stopped Japan from advancing
-Midway-
-widely regarded as the most important naval battle
-fought between june 4-7 1942
-the Japenese thought that if they took over midway, they would have control of the the Pacific Ocean
-the US defeated Japan and Japan never recovered from the heavy losses
-MAGIC played a vital role in the Allied victory
-major turing point in the war
Guadalcanal-
-fought between August 7-February 9, 1943
-victory of allies over Japan
-marked the transition by the allies from defensive to offensive which ultimatley led to Japan's surrender
-Iwo Jima-
-battle close to Japan
-where the famous flag raising took place
-Okinawa-
-extremely close to Japan
-we were bombing Japan a lot from this island
20. Navajo Code Talkers
-secret code that the US used
-only 30 people in the world knew how to speak this language
21. Doolittle's Raid
-James Doolittle was a famous pilot that led this attack\
-many people disagreed with this raid but FDR said they had to attack Japan as soon as possible
-took place in april of 1942
22. Manhattan Project
-code name for the development of the atomic bomb
-General Leslie Groves was in charge of the atomic bombs and the scientists doing the work
-J Robert Oppenheimer was a communist that was the head scientist of the bomb
-the Enola Gay was the plane that dropped the bomb
-Paul Tibbits is the pilot
23. Hiroshima bombing
-the bomb was nicknamed "Little Boy"
-the bomb knocked over stoves which made buildings catch fire
-if you were close to impact, you died instaltly. if you were further out, people suffered from radiation sickness
24. Nagasaki bombing
-Japan doesnt surrender after Hiroshima
-we bombed nagasaki with a bomb nickname "Fat boy"
-the name of the plane was bockscar
-nothing went right in the operation
-they almost ran out of gas, the bomb missed its target, not as much damage
25. VJ Day
-victory in Japan on August 14, 1945
-Japan surrenders thus ending WWII
26. Yalta Conference
-set the stage for what was going to happen in Germay after WWII
-February 1940
-took place 3 months before Germany's surrender
-Germany would be broken into four occupation zones (US, GB, France, USSR)
-stalin promised free elections in Eastern Europe
-Stalin promised to join the war against Japan after war with Germany was over
-Have a conference at San Francisco to set up the United Nations
27. Nuremburg Trials
-Nazi war crime trials
28. Japanese Internment Camps in US
29. Why did the allies win WWII?
-Henry Kaiser built many ships and he owned many companies and hired women to help make ships for the war
-the United States was able to make for supplies than any other country which led to the allies winning WWII
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