Cold War stuff. Yeah. It's Friday!! :) We took over the Cold War. We watched a video example for the Cold War project.
1945-1990 US vs. USSR (Russia)
We feared that we were going behind once Russia put the first man in space. But we had the best of both worlds. Our military was good, and our life for common people was good. Russia only focused on military life. A political, strategic and ideological struggle between the US and the Soviet Union. Spread through the world-Europe, Asia, Africa and Latin America.
Communism vs. Democracy- Communism- equality government is complete control very strict in Soviet Union you could not practice religion Democracy- its people have rights
Socialism vs. Capitalism- Socialism- businesses run by the government could work hard or not and be payed the same Capitalism- businesses are run by people
Causes of the War- Different political systems Us is based on democracy, capitalism and freedom USSR is based on dictatorship, communism and control Both thought theirs was better Stalin breaking his promise to allow free elections at the Yalta Conference- his promise was to have democratic elections in the countries that Russia freed from the Nazis. The only party to vote for though was Communist. American fear of communist attack (Red Scare) and USSR's fear of US attack USSR's fear of the atomic bomb when Russia got the atomic bomb, it made the world safer because neither countries would let them go and kill everybody USSR's goal to spread communism around the world This feeling of suspicion lead to mutual distrust and this did a great deal to deepen the Cold War
US Goals- *Stop the spread of communism! Promote democracy throughout the world, especially in Asia and Africa Wanted to promote open markets for US goods to prevent another depression
USSR's Goals- Spread communism around the world wanted to create greater security for itself- lost tens of millions of people in WWII and Stalin's purges Establish defensible borders Encourage friendly governments on its borders
Blue!!!! We continued to discuss the topic of the cold war.
Yalta Conference Feb. 1945: The establishment of the United States. German was split into four zones. Soviet Germany was East Germany. France, Britain and US Germany was West Germany. Free elections allowed in the states of eastern Europe Stalin thought he obeyed but there was only one party-communist
Key Terms:
Iron Curtain Speech- Churchill gave this speech. This speech talked about an iron curtain across Europe He meant that Europe was split into two sides 1946
Domino Theory (Effect)- Foreign policy 1950's-1980's if an area came under an influence of communism, the countries around it would also fall to communism
Policy of Containment- 1946 The US policy to prevent the spread of communism overall US goal
Truman Doctrine- United States would provide military (no troops), political and economic help to democratic countries under threat Britain refused to help Greece against Greek Communists Tried to keep Greece and Turkey out of the Soviet Sphere 1947
Marshall Plan- to aid Europe after WWII to prevent the spread of communism, we gave money and military supplies to countries late 40's George Marshall
Brinkmanship- pushing dangerous events to the brink of destruction to get the best outcome threatening nuclear weapons, hoping that they will back down
Massive retaliation/Mutual Deterrence/Mutual Assured Destruction- If someone attacked, you would attack back We have weapons so they will not fire back we are all going to die if we fire these weapons, so we make these weapons so we won't be stupid and fire them When Russia got their nuclear weapons, the world became a safer place, even though it didn't feel that way in the 50's.
NATO vs. Warsaw Pact- North Atlantic Treaty Organization 1949 organization where they (28 nations) discuss policies aimed at stopping Communism Alliance with Western Europe Warsaw- 1955 military all nations behind the iron curtain If there had been a war, it would have been NATO vs. Warsaw countries
CIA and KGB- Central Intelligence Agency Gather information on other countries tried to poison and kill leaders of other countries aimed at Soviet Union 1947 Main Russian security agency spy organization FBI and CIA combined
Peaceful Coexistence- 1954 After Stalin died Soviet Union could get along with Capital countries, not like but not go to war with each other
De-Stalinization- after Stalin died maybe Russia should stop killing people got rid of things that helped Stalin
Detente- French word easing of tension Nixon went to China and Moscow better relations with Russia in the 70's.
Perestroika- Russian word 1980's political movement for reformation in the Communist party in Russia
Glasnost- government needs to be more open person said that it was Russia's fault for the Cold War
Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963- signed by US Great Britain and Russia it banned all nuclear tests above ground countries started tested underground
Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1968- designed to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons if you were not one of the big five countries, you could not have nuclear weapons, but you could have nuclear energy. Legally can have nuclear weapons are US Russia, Great Britain, China and France.
Strategic Arms Limitation Talks (Treaty)- 1972 two conferences with Russia and US designed to reduce amount of nuclear weapons a country could have SALT one passed, and SALT two would have, but Russia invaded Afghanistan and Congress did not ratify it
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty- banned systems that would warn you missiles were shot at you would get rid of deterrence
United Nations: almost every country is in it they discuss topics in the world try to help poor, children had a military force five main countries that decide if we go to war- Great Britain, Russia, China, US, France
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