why did we win wwII? - henry kaiser-owned a ship building company. big part. he made more ships than other countries. with out people like him pumping out stuff for our war. basically the homefront.
US Homefront: your country and what its doing to support the war
1. Selective Training and Service Act-pres wanted war but congress declares war, thus ST&SA, instituted the US draft. first peacetime draft in US history, used until 1973 to fill military needs. after 1973, US military depended on volunteers to fill needs. he wanted to be ready for the war. now we just volunteer.
2. Women's role in WWII-rosie the riveter, we can do it. our win came from women picking up the work in the factories so we would have lots of stuff. some women were concerned that they wouldn't be so feminine-too many worry about that today-but rosie the riveter was showing them that they could be both. she was a fictional character. they also worked as nursing. women also typed a lot. other-farm workers, typiest, sales people, waitresses, bus taxi drivers, elavator operators, laundry, teachers, and conductors ect. every military had its own women version but they weren't fighting they were doing homefront jobs for that branch specifically. WAVES - womens navy. WASP- pilots-they flew planes as test pilots and to Point B from A. Tokyo Rose, Iva Toguri. forced to broadcast propaganda to the allied troops for Japan. in the radio programs, she taunted the troops and played music from home. She was a US citizen in Japan. Convicted of treason.
3. African-American's role in WWII-also native americans and hispanics. big part of war. still segrated. joined army or worked in factories. fought on front lines that flew planes. they usually had their own unit. one unit of planes did very well in italy.
4. Asian's role in WWII-had a similar story.
5. Hollywood's role in WWII-2 things-entertained troops for moral, propaganda films, german were bumpling idiots, japs were blind and had big teeth. Kilroy-JJ Kilroy was a person working on the docks, and he started putting 'kilroy was here' on different things. some thought he was a spy and most people did not even know who kilroy was.
6. Office of Price Administration=OPA in 1942 to administer price controls. 8000 rationing boards were created with 200,000 volunteers to assist the 60,000 employees of the agency. food rationing included sugar, meat, clothing, silk and nylon. gasolinge in 42. started using stickers A and B. A sticker is 4 gal per week. B is for supplementary allowance for factory workers. and C vital occupation-doctor or possibly teacher. Truckers had T sticker for unlimited gas. black market developed fake stickers. 30% used fake stickers. 32,500 arrested for using such false stickers, 1300 convictions, 4000 gas stations closed. also rationing book of stamps for food and drink. use for week. spare could be used for anything. could not use someone elses' stamps. only parents for their kids. if you died, your book went to back to the gov with all unused stamps. horse meat was not rationed. but no. i would not eat a horse.
7. War Production Board-helped by making factory workers working hard. encouragment. very successful.
8. National War Labor Board-owners of companies and their workers, make sure there were no strikes and no factory issues. be effiecent. don't waste time. make as much as you can.
9. Why the Homefront helped win the war-by producing more stuff. we had more ships, tanks, bullets, bombs and such. our factories were top dog.
10. How US/Allies fought back against U-boats-speed. faster ships that would outrun U-boats. detection of uboats with likely sonar called HF/DF. interscept their radio. convoy system-travel in large groups. Also called wolf packs. depth charges. planes and ships would hunt down u boats and would drop depth charges to either sink them or force them to the surface.
11. Intelligence gathering--Ultra/Magic-realized the importance of gathering intelligence. mostly intercept and decode allied intelligence. Radar detected ships above the water. germany was ultra and japan was magic. british run german decifering code. germany was ultra. we decoded japan or magic. the enigma machine was how they transferred to german intelligence. transmitted through waves to other enigma machines. we intercepted them and decoded them. the bombe-a machine-is what deciefered the code.
12. Operation Barborossa(USSR vs Germany)-he invaded for farmland and living space,. the defeat of the USSR would further isolate the allies. wanted the oilfields in teh caucasus mnt. he want ed russia more than anywhere else. german prop showed stalin wanting to attack germany. the greatest land war in reacorded history (manpower and casualties, began 3:30 am on june 22, 1941. advisors advised against it. SU gave them lots of resources which would stop during war. so do it fast. hitler said six months and were very close to doing it. main front would eventually expand to 1490 miles and extend to a depth of over 600 miles. in the soviet union marched the best of the german army, 4.5 million amounting to 3/4 of its strength. by end of year. had 90% of stalingrad. leningrad, moscow, 3-rostov, caucasus mts oil fields, crimean peninsula and stalingrad. winter is was caused the german fail. the russian started pushing in that winter. as they were better equiped for it than the germans. the germans got 12 miles outside moscow before being forced back by soviet troops. At this time, Hitler started losing it. fired his commander in chief. that is also when germany started doing bad. he dismissed people who questioned him. last major stage-seige of leningrad. longest seige in history, 872 days. cannibalism started. never took leningrad. about 4 million people killed/eaten, captured, missing, wounded, or sick.
13. Battle in Africa and Italy-april foolsssss.... how i hate april foolz. erwin rommel-the desert fox. the best german general in wwii. very very clever... liek a fox. he was eventually killed by nazis. he tried to kill hitler. george patton-famous american general. ivory pistol. monty-british. both wanted fox. patton thought that there is not such thing as being unable to fight. died in car crash in germany after wwII.
14. US Generals-Marshall, Eisenhower, Patton, MacArthur, Nimitz, Bradley- marshal-chief of staff of us military during wwII.
15. D-Day-Operation Overlord
16. Battle of the Bulge
17. FDR Dies-Truman takes over
18. VE Day
19. Battle in the Pacific-Island Hopping, Philippines, Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa,
20. Navajo Code Talkers
21. Doolittle's Raid
22. Manhattan Project
23. Hiroshima bombing
24. Nagasaki bombing
25. VJ Day
26. Yalta Conference
27. Nuremburg Trials
28. Japanese Internment Camps in US
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