US Homefront:
a homefront is what we are doing back home to help the war. Making food supplies.
1. Selective Training and Service Act
first peactime draft in US HIstory.Used until 1973 to fill military needs. After 1973, US military depended on volunteers to fill needs.It was the draft. When you turn 18 you had to sign up for the draft
2. Women's role in WWII
Rosie the Riveter-represented women workers in WWII. Women started to go to college and get jobs. Many more women went to work during WWII then WWI because it lasted longer and because more men went to fight. We won WWII because women worked in the factories so we could have supplies.They were also nurses. Women also worked for the government as secretaries. Farm workers sales people taxi drivers teachers. We had a Womens Army Corp(WAC) didnt fight but made things. Make this pledge-I pay no more than top legal prices.I accept no rationed goods without giving up ration stamps. Goverment cut down on the number of supplies you can have people started buying things on the black market. Grow your own food and can it. WAVES( womens navy) they didnt fight in the war but they worked on the phones and typed. WASP(Womens Army Service Pilots) they didnt bomb places but they tested planes and transported planes. "Tokyo Rose" Iva Toguri forced to broadcast propaganda to the Allied troops for Japan. In these radio programs, she taunted the troops and played music from home. She was a US citizen in Japan. Convicted of treason.
3. African-American's role in WWII
Blacks were seen as not as good. there was segregation. They fought some were pilots they werent allowed to fight right away they had to do mantenance. Worked in factories and bombed cities Tuskegee Institute was an african college that trained africans to become pilots. Showed them how to do bombing campains.
4. Asian's role in WWII
Faced discrimination more then Blacks. They fought in war worked in factories and were pilots.
5. Hollywood's role in WWII
try to get people to do their part in the war. Made alot of movies about WWII. Bob Hope and the USO Tour was a comedian and they went over a intertained to troops. Singers and dancers also intertained the troops. Kilroy was here showed up everywhere. Its also showed up in other countries but with other names.
6. Office of Price Administration
Made the rations. set up to deal with price control so the priced wouldnt skyrocket. clothing rations and food rations. There werent alot of toys. gasoline rations could only get 5 gallons per week. You had stickers. A sticker you got 4 gallons per week. truckers had a T sticker for unlimited amounts. C stickers and B stickers were the war workers. C stickers were doctors and people like that. You had to wait in lines for food like sugar. They ate horse. they didnt have alot of beef so they ate horse meat.
7. War Production Board
organisation that incuraged factories to produce as much as possible. Dont waist time.
8. National War Labor Board
government comes together with businesses.
9. Why the Homefront helped win the war
They were responsible for making the war look positive and for making goods. Everyone played a huge part in the war.
10. How US/Allies fought back against U-boats
The Battle for the Atlantic was can we get Great Britian supplies before Germanyt sinks all our ships. Speed was important can we out run them. U-Boats were submarines. Germany people in france would send messages to the U-Boats. If we intersepted them we could tell where U-boats would be so we could miss them. The convo system is where you would travel in large groups. Supply ships were in the middle and the huge warships surrounded them. Germany would travel in huge u-boats packs. UF/DF could detec t U-Boats.
Hunter-Killers were ships designed to go after U-Boats. Depth Charges were bombs that went under water and would sink the uboats.
Hunter-Killers were also airplanes made to go after uboats
11. Intelligence gathering--Ultra/Magic
Intersepting Germany and Japan codes and desifering them. We knew what the enemy was doing. Radar could detect things above the surface. Hf/Df could detect things under the water. ULTRA"MAGIC"- code name for intersepting codes and breaking them. ultra was Germany codes and Magic was Japan. it was known as very special intelligence.
Enigma was the system in which Germany transferred their info. through codes. Solving the Enigma system remains one of the great Allied triumphs of World War II.Durign periods when allied cryptanalysts were unable to solve Ednima u-boats caused great demage to Anglo-American commerce.
Bombe was the machine that desifered the codes.
12. Operation Barborossa(USSR vs Germany)
Finland became an axis power.
Hilter invaded the USSR because of lebensraum. Despised the ethnic slavs ruled their jewish bolshevik masters. wanted ukraine for the farmland. could use the people for slave labor. the defeat pof the uSSr would further isolate the Allies. Wanted the oilfields in the Caucasus mountains. Didnt trust Stalin-Germany propaganda showed the stalin was planning to attack Germany. The Western Front fighting was over (except Great Britian).
Operation Barborossa-the greatest land war in recorded history summer of 1941 at 330am. June 22. the main front eventually expanded to 1490 miles and extend to a depth of over 600 miles. in the soviet union marched the best of german army(4.5 million) amounting to 3 quarter of its feild strength. by the end of the year 3,500,00 red army soldiers were in captivity and 4,000,000.
German Wehrmacht-German army in USSR was split
1 army group north whose main goal was Leningrad
2 main goal moscow centre
3 south stalingrad- caucasus oil field.
battle of stalingrad was where stalin said dont retreat or we will shoot you. Soviets are starting to push the germans back. this invasion took over 2 years. the winter hurt the Germans.
Battle of Moscow-October 1941-January 1942-hitler got to about 12 miles to moscow but he never actually got there. Winter set in it helped hitler at first but then the snow fell. The war was over when Hitler didnt take over moscow. hitler belived moscow was the major military hand political target in the USSR as it would lead to the collapse of the country. Germany got within 12 miles for moscow before the soviets troops stopped the advance. this battle marked a major turing point on the eastern front.
furious that his army had been unable to take moscow hitler dismissed his commander in cheif in december 1941 and took personal charge of the Wehrmacht(german army)
hitler took control and made all military decisions afterwards.this led many experienced german officers to go against hitler. hitler surrounded himself with staff officers with little ot no recent combat experience.
The siege of Leningrad-seige never takes over the city they just bomb it and try to make them surender and artilary fire. germany cut off all supply routes. took place on january 27 1944 872 days. it was one of the longest and most destructive sieges in history and one of the most costly in terms of casualties. reports of cannibalism appeared in the winter of 1941-1942, after all birds rats and pets were eaten by survivors. hungry gangs attacked and ate defenseless people. leningrad police even formed a special unit to combat connibalism. people died of starvation. Finally, s successful russian counter-offensive at stalingrad drained necessary resources the germans needed to continue the blockade and eventually it failed. Germabns never took Leningrad but it was one of the most costly conflicts russia had ever faced. millions are people died. troops were on skies. the finland troops helped hitler.
13. Battle in Africa and Italy
Erwin Rommel-dessert fox- the best german general. he was very sly. opperation torch was the us invasion of africa. Bernard Montgomery-british general in africa.
The United States won.
Fighting in the appenine mountains were hard to fight in.
14. US Generals-Marshall, Eisenhower, Patton, MacArthur, Nimitz, Bradley
Georger C. Marshall-Cheirf of Staff of the US Military during WWII. Head of everyone except president.
George Patton- United States one of the major generals. He was tough on his men he got really mad at his men. He defeted Rommel.
Dwight Eisenhower-The supreme allied commander of all allied forced in europe. He put together D-Day then he became the president of the United States.
15. D-Day-Operation Overlord
at Normandy France at Omaha Beach. June 6 1944.operlation overlord. we had parachupers go in early and try to get control and then work their way to the beach. The english canal was rocky and it made alot of people sick. We sent false info to Germany which made the attack alittle easier. We wanted Hitler to think we were going to calay.
16. Battle of the Bulge
17. FDR Dies-Truman takes over
18. VE Day
19. Battle in the Pacific-Island Hopping, Philippines, Coral Sea, Midway, Guadalcanal, Iwo Jima, Okinawa,
20. Navajo Code Talkers
21. Doolittle's Raid
22. Manhattan Project
23. Hiroshima bombing
24. Nagasaki bombing
25. VJ Day
26. Yalta Conference
27. Nuremburg Trials
28. Japanese Internment Camps in US
29. Why did we win WWII
Henry Kaiser had a company that built ships. We made so many more things than anyother country. Ships airplanes tanks. Industrialists.Women played a big role. Industrialists played a huge part.
Casablanca Conference-Uncondicianal surrender German would do what ever we told them too
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