Ancient Athens Architecture
- Ancient Agora of Athens
-Marketplace for social, commercial and religious events
- Temple of Zeus at Olympia
-ancient Greek Temple in Olympia dedicated to the chief of the Gods Zeus
-built between 472 and 456 BC
-very model of fully developed classical Greek Temple of the Doric Order
- Segesta’s temple.
-political temple for the Elymian people
- Delphi Treasury
-built to protect valuables
-such as gold or silver from representatives from city-states
- Parthenon
-temple dedicated to Athena
-made of pentelic marble
-one of the most monumental representatives symbols of the culture
- Athena
-the Parthenon was the temple of Athena and stayed intact until 1687
-there were 2 statues of Athena, one inside and one outside
-both statues of her are gone, but a temple from 400 BC remains that honors her
- Acropolis
-highest point of the town
-home to kings, several temples, shrines, and sanctuaries
- Arch of Hadrian
-monumental gateway across an ancient road in the center of Athens, leading to a complex of buildings and structure
- Temple of Athena Nike
-made to worship the Greek Goddess of Athens
- Greek Parliament
-palace for kings Otto and George 1
-also served as parliament and senate building
- Ancient Agora
-marketplace for social commercial and religious events
- Theatre of Dionysus
-where songs and dances were performed to honor Dionysus
- Panathenaic Stadium
-where males competed in events similar to track and field
- Library of Hadrian
-consists of lecture halls, studies, and a library
- Art
-one of the things that survived to our day from the golden age is the Minoan art
-provides insight into the culture that flourished in Crete
-mot much art survived from the Prepalaial period
-the art in Athens is some of the most unique in the world
-their artistic abilities were shown through sculptures potter and jewelry
- Theater
-the Athenians had a great theater art in the golden age
-Arion created chorus singing and it became part of plays
-one actor played multiple roles
-the theater was a ssemi-circle, the high class people sat in front
-commoners sat in middle and back
-they had 3 different types of plays: comical, tragedies, and satyr
- Architecture
-the Greeks developed 3 architectural designs:
-Doric is plain and sturdy
-Ionic is thinner and more decorated
-Corinthian is fancy
Greek Military
- Delian League
-founded by the Athenians ater the Persian wars
-the name derived from official meeting place of the League: Delos
-the league was a short of confederacy dividing Greece into 5 districts: Thrace, Hellespont, Ionia, Caria, and the islands
-it was a military organization whos purpose was basically to keep pushing the Persians of ot Greece
-over time, Athens started turning the league into and empire
-Pelopennisian war started as a result of the league making Athens too powerful. Went against Sparta
-first member that attempted to succeed was Naxos
-after the rebellion was put down, they had to tear down their walls, give up naval fleet, and lose their vote in the League
-other purposes: organize a means of dividing the spoils of war
-the league and thus the “Athenian Empire” ended in 404 BC when Spartans captured Athens
- Grecian Warriors
-the ancient Greece roles in the war were to protect their country
-warriors fought for own personal glory
-soldiers farmers had ended to their farms before battle
-death in war was most glorious way to die
-the ancient Greece roles in war were to protect family
-ouside of being the warriors they lived normal lives with crops and families
-down side was they were almost a slave and had to go to war whenever they were called on
- Key Players
-Theistoles learder of the Greeks Dursian Wars Sparans attempted to hold the pass of Thermopylae
-The Greek fleed was made of 300 ships, 200 were Athenian
-Themistcies wanted to stay at Salamis he baan a fight by sending a servent to Xerxes saying Athenians wanted to switch sides
-Darius said his son Xerxes was associated with the Persian Wars
-leonidas was a 5th century BC Spartan military king
-Archidamus II was a king of Sparta – one of his conflicts was the Archidamian War
-Phormio – the most important Athenion commander during the Peloponnesian War
-All key players – Archidamus II, Themistocles, King Darius, king Leonidas, Xerxes, Demosthenes, Brasidas, Phormia, and Paricles
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