What was the New Deal(1st and 2nd) and it's goals(3 R's)?
keep businesses going.. and make the economy better.. create jobs..the first new deal helped out businesses and banks..33-35 second deal was to help set up more stuff for the people 35-38..it required for people getting the information..stop stock frauds federal security act is to stop fraud
The New Deal:(1933-1935)--helped the economy
1933-2008
Things that Came From the New Deal: Emergency Bank Act-provided the president with the means to reopen viable banks and regulate banking; Economy Act-cut federal costs throught the reorganization of cuts in salaries and veterans; Beer-Wine Revenue Act-legalized and taxed wine: The Three R's.........The New Deal was President Roosevelt's plan to help get us out of the Great Depression.
The Second New Deal: (1935-1938)--helped the poor people
National Labor Act- Limits the means with which employers may react to workers in the private sector who create labor unions: Social Security;.........it set up programs to set up Retail on price control...The Bonus Bill-$1.5 billion to 3 million dollars to WW veterans..(there's a two year difference between the first and second new deal.)
Why did people criticize the New Deal?
People said FDR was doing too much or too little. People who critisized were:
Huey Long.
Francis Townsend.
Why was FDR upset with the US Supreme Court and what did he do to try to solve this issue?
Congress declared his New Deal unconstitutional
All nine Supreme Court Justices also declared the National Recoverey Administration unconstitutional as well
The NRA was the New Deal's main point
Roosevelt felt that the Supreme Court was turning on him and "declared war"
Roosevelt deceitfully told Americans his new economic system would "save" freedom and free markets
Passed Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937
Allowed FDR to appoint six additional justices for every current justice over the age of 70
Said it would lighten workload for Supreme Court but the court was actually up to date on all cases
In reality it was going to pack the court with Democrats so that FDR's bills would pass
The public was angered and sent into tremendous uproars
Vice President opposed also
Nazi Germany thought it was a great idea
FDR began to look like a dictator and many of his followers started to dislike him
Congress eventually defeated him
How did the New Deal help:
unemployed:The NYA )National Youth Administration. Lasted from 1935-1945. Helped unemployed high school, and college students. They included women unlike the CCC.
The TVA was apart of this.
The CCC was public relief program for men 18-25 years old who were low income.
FERA: Designed to make jobs for unskilled and unemployed people. It was there to give people relief instead of long-term recovery.
Created in 1935 by congress. helped protect workers rights. designed to help factory workers. Robert F Wagner was the sponsor.
WPA Workers progress Administration:
gave people jobs in construction and music, art, singing, ect.
PWA:
passed in 1933
constructed large-scale public projects
to provide employment to bring back american industry,
Construction Project
Constructed roads and school buildings built naval ships, dams, airports and bridges.
farmers: The TVA gave people jobs in the farming area.
Soil conservation and domestic allotment Act: (unemployment too)
passed in 1935.
1st national soil conservaton act
Farmers could get paid by government to lower production.
factory workers/labor
young people:The NYA again was there to help college and high school students to stay in school and get jobs.
banks/business/stock market: NIRA/NRA started july 1933 to help workers. It was very successful. It ended on May 27, 1935 and it only lasted about 2 years. SEC established in 1934. It is the Security Exchange Commision and it was created to regulate stock markets. They enfore 7 major acts.
Emergency Banking Relief Act/ Banking Holiday:
■One of the first movements, was allowed to fund over 500 billion dollars to help people in need
■Most of this money went to the Home Relief Bureaus and Departments of Welfare for Poor Relief
■Director was Harry Hopkins
■Today we have FEMA which goes around and helps people after serious disasters ie. floods, hurricanes, earthquakes ect.
■Bank Holidays came about as a result of a bank panic
■Bank holidays closed banks down because people were taking their money out
■If banks were proven to be strong enough, the government could reopen them
■Continued from 1931 to the winter of 1933
Federal Security Act of 1933:
■ Was aimed at helping the stock market
■Set up after the market crashed and would now monitor the stock market and make sure it didn't crash again
■Banks couldn't have money to stock anymore "to require that investors receive significant information regarding securities being offered for public sale; and to prohibit deceit, misrepresentation, and other fraud in the sale of securities to the public."
■Stocks could no longer be bought on credit
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC):
■ Pays you back your money if the bank shuts down
■Part of the United States government created by the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933
■Created so people would start to trust banks again and put their money back in
■The Banking Act of 1933 was a law that established the FDIC and introduced banking reforms, which is known as the Glass-Steagall Act
■Seperated investment and commerical banking activities
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act:
■Passed by Congress in 1938
■Gave authority to the Food and Drug Administration to oversee the safety of food, drugs, and cosmetics
■Strenghthened/replaced the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906
■Makes sure proper labeling is put on foods and is accurate
■Products must be approved as safe and effective by the FDA before they can be put on the market and sold to consumers
■Is the nation's primary means of enforsing food and pharmaceutical standards
home owners
elderly:
Social Security Administration:
Founded in 1933
helped everyone over 60 years of age.
provides retirement benefits
provided security to younger people because the knew they would have money at retirement.
couldnt get social security if you were an inmate in an institution.
Native Americans:
Indian Reorganization act:
Legistlation that allows natives to certain rights
Such as: self governing, religious freedom, economic assistance, control on land.
160 diff. tribes adopted constitutions but they didnt have to
Describe the culture of the 1930's.
Key terms:
Hundred Days
Roosevelts first 100 days in office. He passed 15 major laws, gave 15 messages to congress, 10 speeches, held press conferences and cabinet meeting twice a week. sposored an international conference and many other things.
fireside chats
■Series of thirty evening radio speeches given by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt between 1933 and 1944
■He would talk about the Baking system, economy, world disasters, etc
■They were messages broadcasted via radio
■"New Deal for American people"
■Americans would sit by their fires in their living rooms and listen to the radio
■Usually lasted for 14-45 minutes and used very basic materials and language so people could easily understand
■He relied on stories, anecdotes, and analogies to explain the complex issues facing the country
■"We have nothing to fear but fear itself" -FDR
deficit spending:
■Spending money just to get the economy going again/spending more money than we have
priming the pump
■Government takes action to stimulate the economy, such as spending money and cutting taxes
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