- Leaders
- Hitler- Germany
- Mussillini- Italy
- Churchill- Great Britian
- FDR- US
- Stalin- Soviet union
- Tojo- Japan
- Vladimir Lenin-USSR
- Bolshivic- caused russia to drop out of WWI
- USSR- Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
- Treaty of Versailles
- ended WWI
- started everythig for WWII
- New countries
- Poland, finland, czechoslovaka, estonia, lativa, lithuania, yugoslavia
- Big 3
- US, Great Britan, France
- SignedTreaty at Hall if Mirrors
- land: aimed at Germany to give land to france, belgium, Denmark, czechoslovakia and poland( who Hitler attacked in WWII)
- League of nations also took Germanys Oversea Colonies
- Military: Germany's army went down to 100,000 men with no tanks, airforce, subs, only 6 capital naval ships
- Tehy would train 100,000 men and then let them go and then the cycle repeats
- Rhineland is near the Rhine River, was going to be located betwenn France and Germany, also know as a Buffer Zone. But it didn't become an indepented country
- Financial: The cost of repair for the war was $33 billion, other countries wanted Germany to become bankrupt
- Germany was not allowed to unite with Austria to for a superstate
- General:
- Germany had to admit full responsibility for starting the war (War Guilt Clause)
- Because Germany is responsible for the war they have to pay for it
- League of Nations-a world wide peace keeping organizations where the leaders of countries meet at one area and talk about keeping world peace. (still around today)
- had no military force, us didn't join it cause we thought that it was going to bring us into the war, required a unanyoulus vote to do anything
- German Recations: There was anger throughout Germany when the terms were made public; Treaty became known at the Diktat- ar it was beign forced on them ans the Germans had no choice but to sign it; Many in Germany did not want the treaty signed; German representatives there knew that they had no choice as Germany was incapable of restarting ther wawr again
- Allies Reactions:At first the treaty seemed to satify the big 3 (US,GB,France); Allies believed it was a just peace as it kept Germany weak yet strong enough to stop the spread communism; kept the Fench border with Germany safe from another german attack and created the League of Nations that would end warfare throughtout the world; Then Wilson brought threaty back to the US Senate for ratification, the Senate refused to sign it cause they didn't want to get involved with it; Most countries ultimately were unhappy with the treaty and the results of WWI, France were unhappy with WWI results cause they thought that they should have been harder on Germany, GB was alright with results cause they wanted the trading and buying thing, Japan was happy cause they got a lot of land in China, Russia was unhappy with results because they lost a lot of land.
- Weimar Republic- New Government sent up in germany after WWI; democracy- people have a say in the government; failed because germany was in massive debt and in a depression, it was first democracy
The Rise of the Dictators
Three Great WW II Dictators
1. Adolph Hitler-Germany
2. Benito Mussolini-Italy
3. Iosif Dzhugashvili(Josef Stalin)
Define totalitarianism.
The government of 1 leader has all power (Facisim, Nazisim, ect.)
Why did totalitarianism come about in the 1920’s and 1930’s?
1. Post-war depression
-high inflation
-1923 420 trillion marks to one US dollar
-high unemployment
-democratic governments struggled to end depression
2. New nations had no experience with democratic governments
3. Democracy brought about a lot of political parties
4. Unhappy with the results of WW I
-wanted revenge
Characteristics of Totalitarian Regimes
1. Tried to control people of country through fear and intimidation
-secret police force and military
2. Propaganda campaigns promoting the party
-press censorship and control of media
3. Educating the young in the ways of totalitarianism
-militarism, nationalism, imperialism, history of country
4. Government controlled the economy
-USSR completely
-Germany and Italy partially
5. All preached about the unfairness of WWI
6. Leader became iconized
-statues and painting
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