February 8-12

Monday - No school!

Tuesday -

The New Deal - FDR's plan to get out of the Great Depression
- How did the New Deal help?
  - Unemployed People
    - - Reconstruction Finance Corp. (RFC)
        Gave loans to banks, state, and local governments, and business' to create projects/jobs for people
        Gave states loans for emergency relief needs
        Started under Hoover
        Dissolved in 1946 after WW2
      - Federal Emergency Relief Act (FERA)
        Enacted in 1933
        FERA distributed more than 20 million dollars in direct aid to the unemployed
        Helped the unemployed find jobs
        Primary Objectives:
        direct relief measures
        provide work for employable pepole
        provide many different types of relief programs
      - Public Works Administration (PWA)
        1933
        Created as many jobs as possible in many different varieties
        Priming the pumps -
        Construction projects (lots and lots of buildings) - they created jobs and in turn made more jobs when they were finished
        70% of all schools built, 33% of all hospitals built
      - Civil Works Administration (CWA)
        Create jobs for millions of the unemployed
        About the same as the PWA --- BUT shut down in a year
        Paid more money, which led to high costs, which led to be shut down
        Laid a lot of sewage pipes, schools, playgrounds, bridges
      - Works Established Administration
        1935
        Largest and most comprehensive part of the New Deal
        Built 650,000 miles of roads, 78,000 bridges, 125, 000 buildings, 7,000 miles of airport runways
        Developed to give artistic and professional work to the unemployed who qualified
        Designed to employ people in the arts
  - Young People
    - Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
      Passed in 1933 during the "One Hundred Days"
      The CCC was young men age 18 to 25 whose fathers were on relief
      CCC members worked 40 hours/week and paid $30/month, with the requirement that $25 of tha be sent home to family
      Members lived in camps, wore uniforms, and lived under military dicipline
      The U.S. Army operated the camps
      Funding stopped in 1942
      Projects: fought forest fires, helped build/construct bases, stopped soil erosion, planted trees
    - National Youth Administration (NYA)
      Established in 1945 and was part of the WPA
      Pushed heavily by Eleanor
      Served 327,000 high school and college youth, who were paid $6-$40/month for "work study" projects at their schools
      It allowed thousands of young people to stay in school and still part time work
      Included young women
      The youth normally lived at home, and worked on constructiojn or repair projects
- - Banks
    - Emergency Banking Relief (EBRA)
      Passed 5 days after taking office, March 1933
      Passed in response to thousands of banks that closed down
      Passed 4 days after FDR announced the Bank Holiday in his Firechat Chat, which closed banks down temporarily
      The EBRA would close down the bank, recognize ti and then reopen the bank when it was stable
      When banks reopened, more people put their money in the bank (more than half that took out, put it back)
      Ended the banks runs that was commonplace from 1929-1933
    - Feferal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)
      Created by Glass-Steagall Act in 1933
      Insured people's money in banks up to $1000 (up to $250,000 today)
      Passed in responce to bank failures after the stock market crash
      Insures money in savings and checking accounts, money market accounts and CD's
  - Stock Market
  - Factory Workers
  - Famers
  - Homeowners
  - Elderly
  - Consumers
  - Native Americans
Three Rs
- Relief for the Needy
- Economic Recovery
- Financial Reform

Wednesday -

Unemployed People
Stock Market
- Federal Securities Act (FSA)
  - 1933
  - Made the stock market a safer place for people to invest their money
  - Goals:
    - "Required that investors receive significant information regarding securities being offered for public sale"
    - "Prohibited deceit, misrepresenatives, and other fraud in the sale of securities to the public"
  - Enforeced by Securities and Exchange Commission
- Securitie and Exchange Commission (SEC)
  - 1934
  - Still around today
  - Regulates the stock market
    - Made the market more secure and safer for people's money
Factory Workers
- National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
  - Established codes of fair competition
  - Aimed at supporting prices and wages and stimulating economic recovery from the Great Depression
  - Created National Recovery Administration to enforce codes
  - Tried to make voluntary agreements with business' dealing with hours of work, rates of play, and the fixing of prices
  - Businesses which voluntarily complied could display the Blue Eagle
  - Also helped create jobs (construction)
  - Second 7a guarenteed the workers the right to unionize
  - Declared unonstitutional by Supreme Court in 1935
- National Labor Relations Act/board (NLRA(B))
  - 1935
  - Strengthened labor unions
  - Get better pay, wages, conditions
  - Make sure that we do collective bargaining (go in as a group and bargain as a group)
- Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
  - Established a national minimum wage- 40 cents/hour
  - Established a 40 hour work week
  - Guarenteed time and a half for overtime in certain jobs
  - Prohibited most child labor
  - Still Exists Today
Famers
- Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
  - 1933
  - Get rid of over-production problem
  - Its purpose was to reduce crop surplis so prices would go up
  - Farmers were paid by the federal government for leaving some of their labor/jobs
  - Oversaw a large-scale destruction of existing crops and livestock in an attempt to reduce surpluses
- Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act
  - Allowed government to pay farmers to reduce production so as to "conserve soil" and prevent erosion
  - Taught farmers to plant trees, encouraged to start irrigation systems, and whatnot in order to save the soil
  - Taught how to take better care of their land
  - Within 3 years, soil erosion went down 65%
- Tennessee Valley Authority (TWA)
  - Built dams
  - Created to generate electric power and control floods in a seven state region
  - The agency still exists and has grown to become America's largest public power company
  - Some criticized the TVA for only helping a specific region not the whole country
- Rural Electrication Act (REA)
  - 1935
  - Brought electricity to rural America (took over 3 decades)
  - Made long-term loans to state and local governments, to farmers' cooperatives, and to nonprofit organizations to do the work
  - By 1939, rural households with electricity had risen to 25% (up from 10%, 7 years previously)
  - Abolished in 1994 and its functions assumed by the Rural Utilities Service
- Farm Security Administration (FSA)
  - Granted small famers and tenant farmers money to purchase farms
  - The Dust Bowl forced a lot of farmers off their farms
  - many farmers bought trators with money from the AAA this forcing tenant farmers off the land
  - Provided relief to these people (farmers)
Homeowners
- Home Owner's Loan Corporation (HOLC)
  - Buyers paid entire interest charge at the end of the payback period in one large payment
  - Established in 1933 to refinance homes to prevent foreclosure
  - Stretched out the number of years for house loans/payments
  - Extends loans from shorter, expensive payments of the 15 years to the lower payments of the 30 year loans
Elderly
Consumers
Native Americans

Thursday -

Friday - Test over 1930s.

Blogs

February 8-12

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