Monday - No School
Tuesday - Notes
Civilian Conservation Corps
- CCC members worked 40 hours a week and were paid $30 a month, with the requirement that $25 of that be sent home to family
- The CCC was limited to young men age 18 to 25 whose fathers were on relief
- Members lived in camps, wore uniforms, and lived under military discipline
- Planted trees, fought forest fires, stopped soil erosion
- Helped construct military bases during WWII
National Youth Administration - (NYA)
- Established in 1935 and was a part of the WPA
- Served 327.000 high school and college youth, who were paid $6 to $40 a month for "work study" projects at their school
- It allowed thousands of young people to stay in school
- Another 155,000 boys and girls from relief families were paid $10 to $25 a month for part-time work that included job training
- Unlike the CCC, it included young women
Federal Emergency Relief Act
- Gave direct handouts to people and provided work for people
FERA had 3 primary objectives:
- Direct relief measures
- Provide work for employable people
- Provide many different types of relief programs
Public Works Administration
- Created as many jobs as possible in many different varieties
- Between 1933 and 1939 , the PWA funded the construction of more than 34,000 projects including airports, dams, aircraft carries, bridges, etc.
- Great Example of FDR's "Priming the Pumps"
Civil Work Administration
- Established in 1933 to create jobs for millions of the unemployed
- The CWA created construction jobs'
Work Progress Administration
- The WPA was a "make work" program that provided jobs and income to the unemployed during the Great Depression
- The Federal Project No. 1 of the WPA was developed to give artistic and professional work to the unemployed who qualified
- It presented 225,000 concerts and produced almost 375,000 works of art
Emergency Banking Relief Act - EBRA
- Passed in response to the thousands of banks that closed down
- Passed four days after FDR announced the Bank Holiday in his Fireside Chat, which closed banks down temporarily
- When banks reopened on March 13, 1933 many people put their money back into the banks
- After a couple of weeks more than half of the money that people withdrew from the banks was put back in
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation - FDIC
- Created by Glass- Steagall Act
- Insured people's money in banks up to $1000 (today up to $250,000)
- Passed in response to the bank failures after the stock market crash
- Insures money in savings and checking accounts, money market accounts and CD's
Wednesday -
Federal Securities Act- Making sure people's money was safe
- Made the Stock Market a safer place for people to invest their money
Two Goals:
- "required that investors receive significant information regarding securities being offered"
- "Prohibited deceit, misrepresentations, and other fraud in the sale of securities to the public"
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)
- Established in 1934 and still around today
- This organization regulates the stock market
- - Made the market more secure and safer for the people's money
National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)
- Established "codes of fair competition" aimed at supporting prices and wages and stimulating economic recovery from the Great Depression
- The law created a Nation Recovery Administration (NRA) to enforce codes
- The NRA tried to make voluntary agreements with business' dealing with hours of work, rates of pay, and the fixing of prices.
- The NIRA also helped create jobs for unemployed workers (building schools)
National Labor Relations Act/Board - NLRA(B)
- Conducts elections for unions
- Stresses collective bargaining
- Investigates and fixes unfair labor practices
- Governed by five-person board whose members are appointed by the President
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
- Established a national minimum wage 40 cents/hour
- Established the 40 hour work week
- Guaranteed time and a half for overtime in certain jobs
- Prohibited most child labor
- Still exists today
Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)
- Restricted production
- It oversaw a large - scale destruction of existing crops and livestock in an attempt to reduce surpluses
- Cotton farmers plowed under a quarter of their land
Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act
- Allowed the government to pay farmers to reduce production so as to "conserve soil" and prevent erosion
- Educated farmers on how to use their lands without damaging them
- Took immediate action to contain the dust bowls effects by planting trees and native grass
Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)
- Created to generate electric power and control floods in seven state region around the Tennessee River Valley
- The agency still exists and has grown to become America's Largest public power company
- Some criticized the TVA for only helping a specific region not the whole country
Rural Electrification Administration - REA
- The REA provided farms with inexpensive electric lighting and power and eventually telephone services
- This brought all the electrical appliances that the cities had since the 1920's
- The REA made long-term loans to the state and local governments , to farmers cooperatives, and to nonprofit organizations to do the work.
Thursday -
Farm Security Administration FSA
- Granted small farmer and tenant farmers money to purchase farms
- The Dust Bowl forced a lot of farmers off their farms
- Many farmers bought tractors with money from the AAA thus forcing tenant farmers off the land
- The FSA provided relief to these people
Home Owner's Loan Corporation
- The typical home loan in 1930 required a 50% down payment and had to be paid off within 5-7 years at an interest rate of 6-8%.
- Buyers paid the entire interest charge at the end of the payback period in one large payment
- The HOLC was established in 1933 to refinance homes to prevent foreclosure
Federal Housing Administration FHA
- Insured loans made by banks and other private lenders for home building and home buying
- The goals of this organization are to improve housing standards and conditions and to provide an adequate home financing system
United States Housing Authority USHA
- It was designed to lend money to the states or communities for low-cost home construction
- Homes were designed for low income and homeless people
- The USHA was absorbed by the National Housing Agency in 1942
Social Security Administration SSA
- Provides retirement, disability, and survivors benefits
- future benefits are on based on employees contributions
Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act - FFDAC
- Gave the Food and Drug Administration power to regulate these industries
- Banned false therapeutic claims in drug labeling
- Authorized factory inspections and expanded enforcement powers by the FDA
- Set new regulatory standards for foods and cosmetics
- Mandated a review of the safety of all new drugs before going to market
Indian Reorganization Act - IRA
- Abolished the Dawes Act and allowed Nation American to govern themselves on a tribal basis
- Allowed Native Americans to manage and keep their own land
- Included provisions to help create job opportunities on Indian Reservations and this has led to many casinos on Indian Reservations
- Casinos for the Indian Reservations - Gambling to make money
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