February 29 - March 4 - Blogs

Monday -

Video over US.

Allied Power lost
300,000 battle deaths
Total Cost: $280 billion
Stop Germany and then stop Japan

Look over pacts, nuetrality acts (35,36,37,39), Len Leese Act, etc.

Tuesday -

USA
- Allied Powers
  - Great Britain
  - Soviet Union
  - US
  - China
  - France
  - Argentina
  - Bolivia
  - Mexico
  - Paraguay
  - Brazil
  - Chile
  - Colombia
  - Costa Rica
  - Cuba
  - Dominican Republic
  - El Salvador
  - Ecuador
  - Guatemala
  - Haiti
  - Honduras
  - Nicaragua
  - Panama
  - Peru
  - Venezuela
  - etc.
  - Belgium
  - Denmark
  - Canada
  - Australia
  - Egypt
  - Greece
  - India
  - Iran
  - Iraq
  - Poland
  - Luxembourg
  - Netherlands
  - Norway
  - San Marino
  - Turkey
  - Yugoslavia
  - New Zealand
  - Syria
  - Saudi Arabia
  - South Africa
  - Liberia
  - Ethiopia
  - Mongolia
  - etc.
- US after WW1
  - never signed the Treaty of Versailles
    - Wilson (D) vs Congress (R controlled)
    - Join the League of Nations or go back to isolationism ... ?
  - Republican Warren Harding won the 1920 Presidential election with a promise to return to "Return to Normalcy"
  - The US went back to focusing on American in the 1920s and 30s
- Washington Naval Conference
  - 4 power pact- US, GB, France, and Japan would respect each other's possessions in the Pacific
  - 5 power pact- GB, US, Japan, Italy, France prevent militarism
    - so countries created different kinds of ships
  - 9 power pact- previous five and four others, upheld Open Door Policy (everyone has equal access to China's resources)
  - Kellogg-Briand Pact- outlawed war as a means to settle disputes
- Neutrality
  - - The Neutrality Acts were passed by the US in the 1930s in response to the issue in Europe and Asia that eventually led to WW2
    - They were caused by the desire to be isolationist in the US following WW1
    - Passed to ensure that the US would not become involved in world conflicts/war
    - US had a very strong history in isolationism
  - America First Committee
    - Keep "US" out of the War
  - Neutrality Act of 1935
    - stop trading with countries at war
  - Neutrality Act of 1936
    - stop loaning money to countries at war
  - Neutrality Act of 1937
    - Cash and Carry System (we required countries to pay us cash for supplies and they carry it on their own ships)- weapons not included
  - Neutrality Act of 1939
    - Cash and Carry System (we required countries to pay us cash for supplies and they carry it on their own ships)- weapons included
- Quarantine Speech (FDR) - 1937
  - We need to come together (the peaceful countries) to quarantine the agressive countries (like Germany) so they don't expand
- Panay Incident-December 1937
  - American gunboat attaacked on river in China by Japan
  - 3 US troops killed, 45 wounded
  - Japan said it was an accident, apologized, and paid US $
  - Worsened US-Japanese relations
- Bases for Destroyers
  - Passed in September 1940
  - Fifty US destroyers were given to Great Britain in exchange for land rights (for 99 years) on British colonies for naval or air base purposes
  - GB gave us land in exchange for destroyers
- End of US Neutrality-Lend Lease Act
  - The end of neutrality for the US came with the Lend Lease Act (March, 1941)
  - Lend, sell, or give war materials to nations the US wanted to support
    - planes
    - ships
    - ammunition
    - bombs
    - guns
    - food
    - medical supplies
    - services
  - US gave $50 billion ($650 billion today) to Allied nations throughout the war
- Selective Training and Service Act - 1940
  - Passed in September 1940 and ended in 1947
  - Required that men betwenn the ages of 21 and 35 register for the draft
  - Extended to all men ages 18-45 once US entered
  - First peacetime draft in US history
- Atlantic Charter
  - Signed in August 1941 between US (Roosevelt) and GB (Churchill)
  - Defined the Allied gaols for the post-war world (USA War goals set)
    - many similarities to Wilson's 14 points
- Pearl Harbor - December 7th, 1941
  - Japan wanted US in the war, so let's knock them out before they're even in it

Wednesday - Gone for State Basketball!

Thursday -

USA Continued
- Pearl Harbor - December 7th, 1941
  - Atlantic Charter
    - Signed in August 1941 between US (Roosevelt) and GB (Churchill)
    - Defined the Allied gaols for the post-war world (USA War goals set)
      - many similarities to Wilson's 14 points
  - Sunday morning
  - Japan canceled the 3rd wave because they didn't have ths surpise effect anymore
  - Resounding victory for Japan
  - Wanted to attack the US because they thought they could eliminate them before they even came into the war
- Last time officially declared war: December 8th, 1941
- FDR's War Message
  - Pearl Harbor was not the only area attacked by Japan on December 7th
  - "Yesterday the Japanese Government alos launched an attack against Malaysia"
  - Japan acted like they wanted peace but then they attacked
- Why did they attack us?
  - After Japan invaded France Indochina in 1940, US stopped trading with Japan
  - Japan signed the Soviet-Japanese Neutrality Pact in April 1941 guarenteeing that Japan and USSR would not go to war
  - Japan realized that they needed US trade (oil) to be successful in the war
  - Only way to force US' hand was to hit them hard in a surpise attack forcing them out of the war
  - Japan knew that this plan was a huge risk, but thought it was the only way to defeat US
  - Plan backfired. Instead, Japan "awoke a sleeping giant"
- Backdoor to War Conspiracy
  - FDR wanted into the war, he got in the back door (Pacific) not the front door (Atlantic)
War with Phillippines
- Macauthur was in charge of the forces in the Phillippines
- Baton Death March
  - Island of the Phillipines
  - Soldiers were forced to move camp to camp
  - Many died of mistreatment, famine, and lack of water
  - 650 American POWs killed
  - 10,000 Filipinos killed
- Doolittle's Raid-April 1942
  - James Doolittle was the gereral/in charge of the battle
  - One of the first strikes against Japan right after Pearl Harbor (5 months after)
  - Wanted to get back at Japan, so they went after the mainland
  - Take off from aircraft carriers (had to scrap carriers and planes in order to make the planes light enough)
  - Militarily, it was extremely stupid ... But it was for the people to show that we're getting back at them

Friday -

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