February 29 - March 4 - Blogs

Monday - We did Germany's presentation today.

Beer Hll Putsh
- November 8-9, 1923
- Adolf Hitler and Nazi Party
  - to create new government based on race
  - failed and Hitler was sent to jail for one year
Reichstag Fire
- February 27,1933
  - Little boy was accused of
Nuremberg Laws
- November 14, 1935
  - The Nazis announced new laws
  - Institutionalized many of racial theories
  - Nazi ideology
Munich Conference
- September 17, 1938
  - Signers
    - Adolf Hitler
    - Benito Mussolini
    - French Premier Edouard Daladier
    - British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain
  - Gave Germany Czechoslovakia in the name of "Peace"
Sudetenland Appeasement
- September 29, 1938
  - France and Britain give Hitler the Sudetenland
  - German troops march into the Sudetenland
    - Welcomed as heroes
Reichspogromnacht
- November 8, 1938
  - A massive coordinated attack against Jews
    - killed many Jews
    - tore families apart
Basic Facts
- Alliances
  - Italy
  - Japan
  - Hungary
  - Romania
  - Bulgaria
  - Austria
- Total Cost
  - $272 billion in 1945
- Total Deaths
  - 8,0000,000
  - 9,000,000 Jews
- Territorial Casualties
  - Germany was split into four parts
  - Each major Allied power had a chunk
- War Goals (Hitler's)
  - Forcible acquisition of living space
  - Final Reckoning of the Jews
    - saw as reason for Germany losing WW1
  - Totally destroy potential military threats to Germany
  - Weaken other Nations
    - especially France
Leaders
- Adolf Hitler
  - Born in Austria April 20, 1889
  - Was interested in fine arts
  - dropped out of school to work as watercolor painter and casual laborer
  - rejected by Academy of Arts two times
  - he moved into homeless shelter
  - served in German Army in WW1
  - after WW1 returned to Munich
  - Continued working for military
  - He joined the Anti-Semitic Party DAP in 1919
  - The part soon changed to NSDAP
  - beer hall speeches made him gain followers
  - he wrote "Mein Kmpf" (My Struggle)
  - he ran for presidency in 1932 (lost)
  - became German Chancellor in 1933
  - formed de facto legal dictatorship
  - July 14, 1933 Nazi Party was declared legal
  - 1938 he signed Munich Agreement
  - early 1945 Hitler realized Germany would lose the war
  - Hitler married Eva Braun April 30, 1945
  - Committed suicide April 31, 1945
Home front in Germany
- Adults
  - tried to flee
  - men fought in war
  - women stayed at home
  - less food
- Children
  - Older kids/teens had to help anti-aircraft assistants
  - 16 & 17 year olds do services of soldiers
  - young kids were in air raid basements
  - Hitler Youth
    - important as school for the children
    - for 10-18 year old boys and girls
    - separate organisations
    - boys prepared for military service
    - girls were prepared for motherhood
    - Boys
      - 10 yr olds were in German young People til 13
      - transferred to Hitler youth at 18
      - dug trenches
      - threw fake grenades
    - Girls
      - 10 yr old girls joined the League of Young girls
      - transferred to League of German Girls
      - learned how to make a bed
      - throw a ball 12 meters
      - run certain distance in certain seconds
- German Jews
  - Jew had to wear star on clothes
  - restricted open area
  - could buy food and supplies only in certain stores
  - Jewish household often faced shortages of basic essentials
  - 1941 Jews were prohibited from using public transportation
  - ghettos - Jews lived in designated areas
  - 1943 Jews were deported to concentration camps
Battle Strategies
- Lightning War
  - create disorganization among enemy forces
  - locally concentrated firepower
  - overwhelm the enemy before they can fight back
- German-Soviet Pact
  - economic agreement provided that Germany would exchange manufactured goods for Soviet raw materials
  - Nazi Germany and Soviet Union agreed not to attack each other
Major Battles
- Battle of Poland
  - Poland
  - September 1-October 6, 1939
  - Germany Victory
- Battle of Berlin
  - Berlin
  - April 15-May 2 1945
  - Soviets Won
  - Result
    - suicide of Adolf Hitler
    - death of high ranking Nazi officials
Major People
- Heinrich Himmler
  - Head of Nazi police force
  - Interior Minister
  - Commander of Waffen SS and Home Army
  - Started Concentration Camps
- Joseph Goebbels
  - Minister of Propaganda
    - Influence
  - Becomes Chancellor when Hitler kills himself
  - "Ten Comandments" for Jews
- Josef Mengele
  - "Angel of Death"
  - Chief Doctor
    - Experiments on twins
  - Captain of Waffen SS
Germany Looses War
- Einstein and Scientists
  - fled Germany
  - didn't want Germany to have atomic bomb
- Poor Intelligence
- Six years and one day
Impact on Germany
- Extreme debt
- High casualties rate

Tuesday - We continued German notes.

Wednesday - Continued notes on Germany.

Thursday - Continued notes on Germany.

Friday - We did notes on Germany and then Japan.

Japan

Early 20s
- Joins League of Nations
- Leaves because they feel left out
- Signs 4, 5,9 power pact of Washington Conference
Mid/Late 20s
- Britain ends their alliance of 21 years with Japan
- Becomes very nationalist during world depression
- Wants to reject "Western" influence
Early 30s
- Invade Manchuria in China
- Prime Minister Inukai Tsuyoshi is assassinated
Mid/Late 30s
- Sign alliance with Nazi Germany
- Goes to war with China
- Captures
  - Shanghai
  - Beijing
  - Nanjing
- 300,000 killed in "Rape of Nanking"
Basic Facts
- Axis power
- 2,120,000 military deaths
- 2,600,000-3,100,000 total deaths
- +200,000 deaths in bombings
  - Hiroshima
  - Nagasaki
- $56 billion financial cost
- War goals
  - raw materials
  - space
  - respect
- Pear Harbor Goal
  - cause devastation that the U.S. gave up
Leaders
- Hirohito
  - Born 1901
    - Acyama Palace
    - Tokyo, Japan
  - Crowned TO BE Emperor in 1916
  - Traveled to study abroad in Europe
  - Married in 1924
    - Princesss Nagako
  - 124th at Thrown
  - Revolting Military
    - Assassination of Prime Minister
  - Second Sino-Japanese
  - Surrendered to allied forces
    - Atomic bombs at Hiroshima
      - 2.3 million soldier deaths
      - 800,000 civilian deaths
  - Surrendered to MacArthur
  - Died 1989
    - Cancer
- Heideki Tojo
  - Born in 1884
    - Tokyo, Japan
  - Military School 1899
    - Father in Sino-Japanese War
  - 1915 Graduated from army war college
    - Study in Europe
    - Instructor in military science
  - 1936 Lieutenant General
    - Kwantung Army in Manchuria
  - 1938 Vice Minister of War
    - War against China and Soviet Union
  - 1944 - "Most critical situation in the history of the Empire."
    - Bombing at Hiroshima
  - 1945 Sugamo prison
    - took responsibility
    - sentenced to death by hanging
    - sentence carried in 1948
War Strategies
- Invasion of China 1937
  - +300,000 victims
    - rape
    - murder
    - looting
  - +200,000 victims
    - burning alive
- Tojo-Military Field Code 1941
  - Establish
    - loyalty
    - piety
    - determination
    - Imperial Army

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