Monday - Finished with Bonus Army
The Bonus Army
- Group of 12,000-15,000 WW1 veterans
- Took wives and kids to Washington, DC
Conflicts
- !932 WW1 Veterans went on strike against the government
- Wartime bonus wasn't enough during the Great Depression
- Getting bonus of $50 for risking life in the war
- Veterans were not giving up (Set up Hoovervilles)
- Hoover didn't like this (Tried to send them home)
- Not a good image for Hoover
Riots
- Government demanded the Bonus Army to leave
- 1 Veteran was shot
- Many police officers were wounded
-Tear gas was thrown
- Not a good image for Hoover
Resolution
- Congress paid $100,000 to send Bonus Army home
- This money was was used to pay their way back home
A Second Bonus Army
- 1934 (Marched into Washington DC greeted with open arms)
- FDR and the First Lady received them, but didn't pay the bonus
FDR/ New Deal/ Farm Relief And Rual Development
- 1910 FDR won a state senate spot as a Democrat
- He won in a highly Republican area
- 1913 FDR was named assistant secretary of the US Navy by PResident Woodrow Wilson
- Polio
-1921 Was on a yacht in the Bay of Fundy. FDR fell into ice waters
- Complainded of back pains
- ON AUgust 25, 1921 was diagnosed with Polio
Sturggles
- 1921 left politics for rehab
- Went through rehab for several years
- was fitted for knee braces in early 1922
- Personal Ultimatum
Accept the progress and return to politics
or
Give up on politics for a full recovery
- FDR nominated New York's Governor
- FDR successfully nominated him the second time
- FDR got elected to NEW York Governor in 1928
- RE-elected Governor 1930
- Looked to be front runner in 1932
President
- Went to Chicago to accept his nomination
- Pledged for "A New Deal"
- Democrats dominated
- Re-election in 1936, 1940, 1944
- Only 4 term President
New Deal
- Series of programs and projects
- During the Great Depression
- Aimed to restore prosperity
- Stabilized the Economy
- Provided job and relief oto suffering people
First New Deal (1933 - 1934)
- The First 100 Days
- Tackle Unemployment
- Banking Crisis
- Farm Relief
- Helping farmers helped Factories
- Factories relied on Farmers
- Aimed to get the Economy going again and create jobs
Second New deal (1935 - 1938)
- Created the Works Progress Administration
- Wasn't allowed to complete with private industry
- Focused on Building things like
post office
bridges
schools
highways
parks
- Gave work to
artist
writers
theater directors
musicians
- Agricultural Adjustment Act 9 1933 and 1938)
- Large surpluses caused drops in prices
- Paid to not farm crops or livestock
- Products were used in other prodictive ways
- Farm Income 50% higher in 1935 than 1932
- Was ruled unconstitutional in 1936
- New AAA in 1938
- Remedied problems
- Allowed AG support programs
- Provided crop Insurance
Tuesday - Finished New Deal
Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act (1936)
- The Dust Bowl
- Soil Conservation Act (1935)
- Enhance Federal- State Coordination
- Discourage overuse of land
- Assist tenants ans sharcropers
- Create stable and adequate crop prices
Hundred Days/ Fireside Chats
- President Roosevelt started in office (The Great Depression)
- Darkest Hour
- Started March 4, 1933
- Roosevelt would push 15 major bills through congress
- Bills reshaped the Economy
- Help get AMerica out of The Great Depression ( Later 1930's)
Banking
- First problem FDR attacked
- 8 hours mad national banking day (Closed all banks for 1 day)
- Permitted failing banks to reopen under government supervision
- Allowed RFC to buy the stock of troubled banks
Fireside Chats
- Were when President Roosevelt woud give speeches ofer the radio
- 30 Evening addresses (8 Days after he was elected into office)
- Made it so the it he was talking directly to you
Message
- FDR would refer back to our founding father
- "Start Spangles Banner" was always played after each message
- Underlined Patriotic message
- FDR reminded people about God or Providence
- Boosted the Public's confidence
- Boosted Roosevelts popular vote for election
- Overall it explained his policies to the American Public
Critics of the New Deal
- Series of Progrms and projects
- During the Greate Depression
- Provided releif and jobs
Supporters and Critics
- Hars criticism and high praise
- Conservations though it made the federal government to large and to powerful
- Stifled free enterprise and individual initiative
- Roosevelt didn't have enought to socialize and eliminate social and economic inequties
- Unregulated capitalism and overregulated socialism
Charles Coughlin
- Roman Catholic Priest
- Radion Semons- Economical, political, and religious ideas
- 40 - 45 Million
- Veiws appealed poor people
- Garanteed annual income and nationalization of banks
- American Liberty League
- Believed it violated respect for the right and property
Wednesday - NO SCHOOL
Thursday - Finished with Critics/People
Francis Townsend
- Physician and health officer
- FDR wasn't doing enough for the poor and elderly
- Pension Plan - Monthy benefits
- Elderly then didn't like FDR's New Deal
Huey Long
- Senator of Louisiana
- Wanted Presidency himself
- Nationwide social program (Shared out Wealth)
- "Every Man King"
- Promised something for everyone
- 27,000 clubs and 7.5 million members
- Was assassinated by a lone gunman
- Roosevelt the realized he needed to do more
3 R's & Priming the Pump
- New Deal consisted of 3 R's
- Relief, Recovery, and Reform
Relief
- Socal Security Act
- Enacted in 1935
- Give Help and Financial security to the Retired, Unemployment, Disabled, and Indepented mother with childeren
- During the depression about 50% of senior citizens lived in debt
-Funds are collected from everyday paycheck
- Split the tax donation that the government collects
- After age 62 citizens receive a monthy pension check back from the government
Refom
- Hoover left office (Banks were failing everyday across the nation)
- Roosevelt and Congress passed emergency legislation to solve banking crisis
- FDR closed all nations' banks (Federal Reserve could help strengthen them and restore confidence in the banking system)
- Meant that the government guarenteed savings deposits for all AMerican
Recover
- Agricultural Adjustment Act
- Was passed on May 12, 1933
- Agricultural Adjustment Administration
- 1935, the Surpreme Court in United States
National Industrial Recovery Act
- Roosevelt believed that improving the public infrastructure would put more money into the economy
Priming the Pump
- Processing to raise the economy
- Usually during declined periods (Interest rates, tax reduction and government spending
- Declined periods mostly happens in industrial productions, employment, real income, and wholesale-retail trade.
- Designed to make loans to banks and industry
FDR and the Supreme Court
- The Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937
- Frequently called the "Court - Packing plan
- President Franklin
- FDR said it would to make it more efficient
- Critics immediately charged that Roosevelt was trying to "Pack" the court and thus nuetralize Surpreme Court
- Previous 2 years, Surpreme Court had struck down several ky peices of the New Deal
Friday - Bruns went over some things
- Causes of the great depression
- Overproduction of goods
- Underconsumption of goods by consumers
- Agricultural slump in 1920’s due to overproduction
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