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Mussolini- Italy
The faciast was military, imperialism, and nationalism.
1: was axis. Italy was axis. after 1943 they were allies. was a socialist, mom was a catholist school teacher.
2: Did not like Catholicism. got expelled from catholic school for stabbing people with a penknive. Socialist.
3: Positives- strong government. made the trains run on time. Mussolini wasn't as strong.
5: Hanged, shot, dragged around Rome behind a truck, got stones thrown at him.
Stalin- Soviet Union. Ally Power. Stalin means steel.
1. Background prior to coming to power- Got a scholarship to move on to college, was not rick, born in Georgia, Had health issues. Small pocks, had a lot of scars on his face because of small pocks, only 5'3''. Was short.
2. How they came to power- there was a power struggle. Allied.
3. Once in power, how did they change their country, both positive and negative- Industrialization-factories, , Nationalization- about 10 million people died in this process because they were starving to death or fighting against Stalin and his rules, Collectivization- was going to take all of the farms, large government controlled farms, farmers fought back against this, people died in the process, Great Purges- would kill anyone he did not trust, 5 Year Plan-to increase our industrial products, focused on industrialization,
4. What was their role in World War II- Non Aggression Pact-Hitler and Stalin signed it, an agreement not to fight each other, Stalin would give Hitler raw goods in turn Hitler would give Stalin military goods, like a trade pact, both invaded poland, Invade Poland/Finland/etc.- Germany invaded from the west, Soviet Union from the East, Poland was between a rock and a hard place,this was land that was taken away from them, Hitler Breaks Non- Aggression Pact-June of 1941, only country left standing was Great Britain, Scorched Earth Policy-Stalin ordered this, destroy everything, factories and weapons, Both countries bit off more than what they could chew, too much land to over take, Leningrad/Moscow/Stalingrad-3 major cities that Hitler wanted to invade, 7 million people died in Leningrad, Stalingrad was like a hand to hand combat, The End- Berlin- May 8, 1945, Cold War- 1945- 1991he had a heart attack.
Hitler-
1. Background prior to coming to power- tried to over throw the government, did not succeeded,
2. How they came to power
3. Once in power, how did they change their country, both positive and negative
4. What was their role in World War II
5. How they lost power- he shot himself, and took a pill to make sure that he would be dead. Body was never found because it was burned.
FDR
Pearl Harbor- 12-7-41, 12-8-14, 12-11-41
Pacific War- Island Hopping- Attomic Bomb, August, 1945
Africa-> Italy
D- Day- June 6, 1944-> May 8, 1945
Yalta Conference-> Split Germany in 4 parts.
The End- April 1945
Churchill-
1. born into a wealthy family 1874, went to a bording school, then started military career, wrote books, came first lord of the admirality
2. Chaimberlain lost power so Winston Churchill was elected into power.
3. wasn't in power prior to World War 2.
4. Anti- Appeasment- Munich Con.-> this was all about Hitler starting to take over countries, get land back into Germany that Hitler had taken, the conference was held in Munich Germany, they gave him the Sudaton land, Hitler promised that he wouldn't take anymore land.
Battle of Britain- Germany started bombing Great Britain
Friends w/ FDR- months before Pearl Harbor they were setting up plans for war
No Armistice!- there will not be Nazi's in power, if your going to destroy the Nazi party then we will have to invade Germany. No deal with the Nazis
"Soft Underbelly of Europe"- Italy is the soft underbelly, France was too strong, Italy wasn't very strong, Italy proved to be kind of easy and challenged. They switched sides and became an ally power, the government surrending was the easy part, taking the country wasn't easy.
D-Day- June 6, 1945.
Defeated by Atlee- his party loses leadership and Atlee became leader.
5. February, 1945, his party lost power, and the Labor party gained power. So Winston Churchill lost power, then the second time he resigned due to health issues.
Japan- Tojo and Hirohito
Dictatorship also came to Japan
-not through a political party but the military
-rich military tradition
-feudal clans fought each other for dominance in Japan
-The Emperor presided over the Japanese government
-came form divine origin
-descendent of the Sun Goddess
-played minor role in the government
-he was above politics
-shogun had the political power
-ruled in the name of the Emperor
Japanese society
Landowning clans dominated
-protected by the samurai
Wealthy merchant class
Peasants
-most of the people of Japan
Japan was very isolated until 1853 when US Commodore Matthew Perry sailed in to Japan and forced them to open their ports
In the late 1800’s many Japanese were tired of being controlled by foreign countries.
-adopted western ways in hopes to keep Western Powers out of their country
heavy industry
modern army
strong navy
Showed off new power in several wars
Sino-Japanese War
-1894-95
-Japan won
Russo-Japanese War
-1904-05
-Japan shocked the world by beating Russia
-gained partial control of Manchuria
World War I
-allied with the US
-gained German Islands in the Pacific after the war
1920’s
-gave all men the right to vote
-signed the 4, 5 and 9 Power Pacts
-joined the League of Nations
-signed the Kellog-Briand Pact
1930’s
-Great Depression changed everything
-people blamed the government for tough times
-military leaders stepped in and took control
-said Japan had to expand in to Asia to help economy
-assassinated political leaders that opposed them
-took away people’s rights
Japanese Military Honor
fight to the death
commit suicide rather than surrender- they would jump off of cliff, or stab themselves with their samarium's
-open defiance of superior officers by junior officers
-seen as a positive thing
-shows the spirit of the soldier
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