February 1-5

[6Lexi]

Monday- continued on the 30's

Tuesday- no school 

Wednesday- no school

Thursday- notes

Friday- watched movie

1.-Causes of the Great Depression

• Overproduction of goods
  • factories kept pumping out goods
• Underconsumption of goods by consumers
  • people were in debt so weren't buying goods
• Agricultural slump in 1920's due to overproduction
  • no one was buying or needing crop
• High protective tariff policies of the 1920's
  • weren't trading with other countries so we weren't making a profit because no one was buying anything
• Taxes benefiting the rich-rich got richer, poor get poorer
  • rich were a small percent of the people in the US
• Stock market crash
  • sped everything up
• Banks Closing
  • year after the stock market crash, banks closed

VICIOUS CYCLE OF THE GREAT DEPRESSION

• Companies lose $$ so they lay people off
• Unemployment rate goes up and less people buy goods as income has dropped
• Companies profits fall so they have to lay more people off or close
• Cycle repeats itself

2.-Impact the Great Depression had on people and our country

• Hoovervilles
  • shacks built for people to live in because they couldn't afford homes
  • banks took over because everyone was poor
  • shacks made out of plywood, tin, whatever they could find
• high standard of living
• soup kitchens
• free coffee and donuts for unemployed
• hobos hopping freight trains
  • men would hop on trains and travel from town to town
  • didn't want to be a burden to their parents
• selling apples
• dust bowl
  • farmers were stressed, plow up grasslands for food
  • area became extremely dry
  • desert like land
  • didn't put nutrients back into the soil
  • didn't have trees to stop it
• Okies
  • pack up and go to California
  • people just gave up
• Hoover struggles with Great Depression

3.-President Hoover’s attempt(or lack thereof) to help solve Great Depression

• Laissez Faire
• Rugged Individualism
• "not gonna spend more money than we take in"
• viewed as uncaring and as a President who did very little to help with Great Depression
• this was not true
• 1928 Presidential Election
  • Herbert Hoover vs. Al Smith
  • blowout
• 1928 Republican Campaign Promise
  • "A chicken in every pot"
    • everyone is going to be in good shape and okay
• Hoover's Fight Against Great Depression
  • Encouraged people to be patient, stay positive and volunteer to help each other
  • Federal Farm Board
    • stabilize prices and to promote the sale of agricultural products
  • Norris-La Guardia Act
    • strengthened labor unions
  • Hoover Moratorium
    • one year halt on German war payments to France
    • one year halt on war payments from Great Britain and France to the US
  • Mexican Repatriation
    • Mexican immigrants were encouraged/forced to go back to Mexico
  • Revenue Act of 932
    • Increased taxes so US gov't had $$
  • Hawley-Smoot Tariff
    • raised tariffs to record levels
• Reconstruction Finance Corporation - 1932
  • Gave loans to banks, state and local govt's, and business' to create projects/jobs for people
  • Gave states loans for emergency relief needs
  • Started under Hoover
  • Not as successful as Hoover had hoped
  • Dissolved in 1946
• Boulder (Hoover) Dam
  • located near Las Vegas
  • included the dam, All-American Canal, town of Boulder City, highways, railroads and various works
  • cost $165 million to build
  • Dams are projects that pays for itself, makes money for the government

4.-1932/1936 Presidential elections

• 1932- FDR against Hoover
• 1936- FDR against Alf Landon
• FDR won both elections

5.-Bonus Army

• Also known as the Bonus Expeditionary Force
• At first they were fine, waiting for Congress to vote their way
• Congress didn't pass
• Many people left, but some stayed around
• Wanted military to end revolt
• MacArthur ended it
• MacArthur, Eisenhower, Patton
  • 3 most famous generals of WWII
• Under president Hoover
• Made Hoover look uncaring

6.-Entertainment, sports, music, radio, movies and fads

• Jazz Music
• Golden Age of Hollywood
• Sports would continue to be popular
• Olympics

7.-Franklin Roosevelt’s background and accomplishments-Focus on New Deal

• Only president to ever be handicapped
• Ran for vice president in 1920 (James Cox)
• Contracted Polio in the early 20's

8.-The Three R’s

• Relief for the needy
• Economic recovery
• Financial reform
• Roosevelt's plan to get us out of the Great Depression

9.-The difference between the First New Deal and Second New Deal

• First New Deal
  • restore nation's hope
  • help banks and stock market
  • provide jobs and relief for poor
  • plan and regulate economy
• Second New Deal
  • pass new labor laws
  • create and expand New Deal agencies
  • establish Social Security for older people and unemployed

10.-Fireside chats

• Radio talks
• First president to take advantage as them
• Made people feel like he was talking directly to them
• First talked about the banks and how he was going to close down the banks
• Gave 30 over the years

11.-The Hundred Days

• Roosevelt's first 100 days and he tried to get as much done as he could so that people would like him

12.-Deficit spending and “priming the pump”

• spending more than you take in
• pump, pump, pump, then water would come out
• throwing money into the economy
• AAA and CCC
• taxpayers are carrying a heavy burden
• wasted money spent
• created a lot of jobs
• as soon he stopped priming the pump, it got worse again

13.-FDR vs the US Supreme Court-Court Packing issue

• Roosevelt was very unhappy with the 9 gentlemen
• Unconstitutional
• All of the guys over 70
• 6 guys that are slowing progress down because they were over 70
• Add 1 new justice for every guy that was over 70 years old
• Majority would be democrat
• Congress wouldn't pass this bill
• Democrats thought that Roosevelt's head was getting too big
• Lost a lot of support with this

14.-Critics and failings of the New Deal-Long, Caughlin, Townshend

• Created a very powerful president that led Congress, this was a violation of checks and balances
• It was radical departure from Laissez Faire ideals. Created "big government."
  • too socialistic
• Some acts appeared interfering and at worst unconstitutional
• Heavy debt burden- the US was engaged in deficit spending and this was unhealthy for the economy in the long run
• Also tell him that he isn't doing enough
• Charles Caughlin
  • saved democracy
  • made the government the way it is today
• Huey Long
  • killed by Carl Weiss
  • "Share our Wealth"
    • communism
  • gathering support
  • very socialistic
    • take from the rich and give to the poor