Monday
- Repetition of last week
- Bonus expedition force
- MacArthur, Eisenhower and Patton
- 1932 Election
- Relief, reform and recovery
- FDR’s brain trust
- Harry Hopkins- Social Worker and the architect of much of the New Deal
- Henry Morgenthau
- Louis Lowe
- Cordell Hull
- Frances Perkins
- Fireside Chats
- Deficit spending and Priming the Pump
- Court Packing Bill
- 1st presentation: Rural Electrification Administration/ REA (farmers)
- Started on May 11th, 1935
- Enacted on May 20th, 1936
- Today: REC
- Access to electricity
- Purpose
- Promoting electricity and water
- Get farmers jobs
- Catch up with the world/Europe
- Source of funding was a low-interest loans to finance the construction
- Still around today/non-profit organization/cheap/earned loans from state and national legislators
- Everyone needs electricity (reason why it is around)
- 2nd presentation: Works progress Administration/ WPA (unemployed people)
- Created on May 6th, 1937
- Put roughly 8.5 million people to work
- 4,000 new schools
- 29,000 new bridges, 150 new airfields, paved and repaired 280,000 miles of roads and planted 24 million trees
- Laid about 9,000 miles of storm drains and sewer lines
- End in June of 1943
- Unemployment was less than 2%
- One part is still around today
- 3rd presentation: National Labor Relations Act/ NLRA (Labor Unions)
- Created in 1935
- Helped protecting rights of employers and employees
- Encourage collective bargaining
- Reduce private sector lamps
- Chart of the Union Membership 1930-2010
- National Labor Relations Board/ NLRB
- Democracy among employees
- President and five board members
- Eliminate injustice
- Elects representatives
- Required employers acknowledge favorable labor unions
- Gave employees more control
- Long term affects
- Resulted in Unions spreading
- Taft-Hartley Act (1947), good for businesses and bad for workers
- Landrum-Griffin Act (1959): “Bill of Rights for Unions”
- 4th presentation: Reconstruction Finance Corporation/RFC
- January 1932 with Herbert Hoover
- Ended July 30th, 1953
- Create jobs
- Restore country’s confidence and stability in banking systems
- Federal agency created to provide financial support to state and local government
- Provided loans from public money to railroads, banks and agriculture
- Kind of split successfully
- Politicized
- Money from taxpayers
- Targeted big businesses and the upper class
- Railroads recovered, raising bonds
Tuesday
- 5th presentation: Civilian Conservation Corps/CCC (helping young people)
- Started on April 5th 1933
- Gave young single men jobs
- Hired them plant trees, fight forest fires, and built dams
- Paid 1 dollar per day
- Gave clothing, room, board, and tutoring to learn how to read and write
- Planted over 3 billion trees
- Constructed trails and shelters in over 800 parks nationwide
- Ended in 1942
- Was no longer needed to supply jobs because of WW2
- Was FDR’s favorite program
- 6th presentation: United States Housing Authority/ USHA (housing)
- Catherine Bauer
- 1937
- Clearing Slums
- Urban housing
- Building low cost homes
- $800 million for 587 developments
- Lended money to State
- 170,000 living units
- Tenants only had to pay half
- Turned into the Federal Works Agency by Reorganization (1839)
- 7th presentation: Federal project #1 (helping unemployed people)
- Started in August/September 1935
- Ended of June of 1939
- helped actors, musicians, painters, sculptors and writers
- was successful but not for long
- helped people that didn’t have a job
- budgets were cut
- not around anymore
- 8th presentation: Fair Labor Standard Act/ FLSA (factory workers)
- Federal law that was established minimum wage, overtime pay eligibility, recordkeeping and child labor standards
- Signed on June 25th, 1938
- Established a max of 40 hours per week
- Prohibited child labor
- $.25 an hour= minimum wage
- Was successful
- Banned all child labor
- Now wage per hour= $7.25
- Still around
- Weekly hours
- 9th presentation: National Youth Administration/ NYA (youth)
- Started June 26th, 1935
- Aubrey Williams
- Gave jobs to young people
- Built maintenance, landscaping, and forestry
- Was successful
- Helped about 4 million people
- Was ended September 1943 by the Congress
Wednesday
- Talking about weekly blogs
- 10th presentation: Public Works Administration/ PWA (unemployed people)
- Started 1933
- National industry recovery act
- What did it do
- Public works programs, gave the control to the government
- Build highways, bridges, schools, irrigation, dams
- Awarded big projects
- 34,000 large-scale projects
- Cole industry of steel and lumber went up
- Skilled people got jobs
- Unemployed people got jobs too
- Closed in 1939
- Spent over $6 billion
- 11th presentation: Civil Works Administration/ CWA (unemployed people)
- Started November 9th, 1933
- Main purpose
- Created manual labor jobs
- During winter
- Was successful
- Employed over 4 million people
- Received funding from PWA, FERA, etc.
- Accomplishments
- Ended in July of 1934
- Was brought back in 1935
- My presentation (EBRA)
- 12th presentation: Farm Security Administration/ FSA (farming)
- Originally known as the resettlement administration
- Founded in 1935
- Created to fight rural poverty
- Main purpose was to help poor famers
- Is still around today
- Headed by Rexford Tugwell adviser to Roosevelt
- Moved 650,000 people to farmland
- Lots of relief work
- Helped those that were affected by the dust bowl
- Executive act 7530 people moved to agriculture
- Wasn’t successful
- Bad management
- Made relief homes in the west
- Photographers and writers were hired to bring awareness to the poverty and poorness of the farmers
- Introducing America to Americans
Thursday
- 13th presentation: Dust Bowl
- Happened in Texas, Kansas, Oklahoma, Colorado, New Mexico (Mid-West)
- Damaged areas all the way to Montana
- Causes
- Excessive farming
- Lack of water
- Heavy winds
- Lack of trees
- Affects
- No crops could grow
- Death
- No water
- Less land to live on\
- Okies
- Were refugees from Oklahoma who fled to other states to find work
- Originally from Oklahoma
- About 16,000 went to California
- Locust and Jack rabbits
- Came from nowhere
- Ate whatever crops could grow
- 28,000 per acre
- End
- Drought ended
- New farming practices were put into place
- Soil conservation
- 14th presentation: Home Owners Loan Corporation/HOLC (home owners)
- Started June 13, 1933
- Mortgage Loan Company
- 20,000 employees
- What did it do?
- Refinances mortgages that were in risk during the great depression
- Loans applied to homes that didn’t house more than 4 people, non-farming residents, not worth more than $20,000
- Provided funds to pay off mortgages
- Was it successful?
- Yes
- Provided millions of new mortgages (1936) but failed
- When & why?
- Not around anymore
- Ended February 3, 1954
- 15th presentation: Soil Conservation and Domestic Allotment Act/ SCDAA (farmers)
- Started February 29, 1936
- Paid farmers to reduce production
- Conserved soil
- Prevented erosion
- Successful?
- At first not, then yes
- Planted grass
- Farmers started to make money
- End?
- Amended in 1936
- Discouraged the overused land
- Created stable prices for farm goods
- 16th presentation: Indian Reorganization Act/IRA (Native Americans)
- Started June 28, 1934
- What did it do?
- Was to regain trust
- Ended the allotment of tribal lands
- Reorganized tribal governments and encouraged tribes to adopt constitutions
- Prohibited lands from being taken away from the tribes WITHOUT their consent
- They have the power to their assets
- Was it successful?
- Yes and no
- Helped some tribes
- Destroyed some tribes
- Still around?
- Yes
- 17th presentation: Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act/ FDCA(consumers)
- When did it start?
- Federal consumer protection law 1906
- Change hit 1930’s
- Enactment happened 1938
- Purpose?
- FDA
- Safety
- Successful?
- Yes
- Standard evidence is the well-considered study, and the FDA’s implementation of the 1962 amendments
- End?
- Gold standard
- Drugs must undergo an evaluation of safety, equality, and effectiveness
- 18th presentation: Securities and Exchange Commission /SEC (stock market)
- Started June 6, 1934
- Founded by FDR
- He made Joseph Kennedy SEC’s g=first chairman
- What did it do?
- Regulated stock market
- Protected investors
- Maintained fair, orderly, efficient markets
- Facilitated capital formation
- Restored the public’s confidence
- Successful?
- Yes, during the Great Depression
- Didn’t make a substantial change
- End?
- yes
- Makes sure that all investors know the basic facts about an investment
- When did it start?
Friday
- Talking about forum posts
- 19th presentation: Social Security Administration/SSA (elderly people)
- Started August 14th, 1935
- What did it do?
- Start paying for it when employed
- Receive benefits
- Source of income
- Was it successful?
- Yes
- Helped retired people
- A way to get money
- Still around?
- Yes
- Headquarters Woodlawn
- Talking about social security
- 21st presentation: Federal Securities Act/FSA (stock market)
- Started May 27, 1933
- First major legislation about the sale of securities
- Was established because of the stock market in 1929
- Problems
- Buying on margin
- Insider trading
- Overvaluing of stock
- Solution
- Securities and exchange commission set up to enforce new government of stock market
- Reform
- Goals
- To ensure more transparency in financial statements
- To establish laws against misrepresentation and fraudulent activities in the securities markets
- Securities was chiefly governed by state laws, commonly referred to as blue sky laws
- Purpose
- Require corporations to provide complete information on all stock offerings
- Now business must…
- …provide complete information on all stocks
- …tell the truth about how much the business was worth
- Lead to the SCC
- Breaking down the EBRA
- Legislation on the act was initiated during Herbert Hoover’s administration, but it was not passed until March 9, 1933
- 22nd presentation: Tennessee Valley Act/TVA(farmers/unemployed)
- Goal was to build hypo electric dams around the area which would bring electricity to thousands of homes
- Around 30 dams were built
- Provided inexpensive power to millions of southerners
- Why?
- Bringing electricity to the area is not only important for home appliances but it meant companies could locate into the area, which resulted in thousands of people being employed
- Could power fridges
- Less accidents
- Successful?
- Employed around 28,000 people
- Provided millions of people electricity that was affordable
- Map of the TVA
- Goal was to build hypo electric dams around the area which would bring electricity to thousands of homes
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